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Optical Switching of a Quantum Cascade Laser in Continuous Wave Operation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第1期27卷 268-270页

作者： Gang Chen Seong-wook Park I-Chun A. Chen Clyde G. Bethea Rainer martini Department of Physics and Engineering Physics Stevens Institute of Technology Castle Point on Hudson Hoboken N3 07030 USA College of Optoelectronic Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400044

We demonstrate an optical switching in a middle infrared continuous-wave quantum cascade laser operated in single mode by illuminating its front facet with a near infrared laser. A decrease in the laser net gain is observed in the amplified spontaneous emission spectrum. This is attributed to an increase of the carrier concentration caused by the near infrared excitation. The net gain reduction allows the quantum cascade laser to be completely switched off from single mode lasing. This optical switching can be used to convert near infrared signals into middle infrared signals for free space communication.

关键词： Chinese climate network complex systems small world community

Current trends in management of hepatitis B virus reactivation in the biologic therapy era

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第34期17卷 3881-3887页

作者： Claudio M Mastroianni Miriam Lichtner Rita Citton Cosmo Del Borgo Angela Rago Helene martini Giuseppe Cimino Vincenzo Vullo Infectious Diseases Unit Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci Sapienza University SM Goretti Hospital Hematology Unit Sapienza University SM Goretti Hospital Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases Sapienza University Policlinico Umberto I

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation represents an emerging cause of liver disease in patients undergoing treatment with biologic agents. In particular, the risk ofHBV reactivation is heightened by the use monoclonalantibodies, such as rituximab (anti-CD20) and alemtuzumab (anti-CD52) that cause profound and longlasting immunosuppression. Emerging data indicatethat HBV reactivation could also develop following theuse of other biologic agents, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors. When HBV reactivation is di-agnosed, it is mandatory to suspend biologic treatmentand start antiviral agents immediately. However, preemptive antiviral therapy prior to monoclonal antibodyadministration is crucial in preventing HBV reactivationand its clinical consequences. Several lines of evidencehave shown that risk of HBV reactivation is greatlyreduced by the identifi cation of high-risk patients andthe use of prophylactic antiviral therapy. In this article, we discuss current trends in the management of HBV reactivation in immunosuppressed patients receiving biologic therapy, such as rituximab, alemtuzumab and TNF-α antagonists.

关键词：生物治疗乙肝病毒激活管理抗病毒治疗乙型肝炎病毒肿瘤坏死因子生物制剂

Morphology and Genetic Studies of Cymodocea Seagrass Genus in Tunisian Coasts

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2019年第2期88卷 171-184页

作者： Ramzi Bchir Aslam Sami Djellouli Nadia Zitouna Didier Aurelle Gerard Pergent Christine Pergent-martini Habib Langar Sciences Faculty of Tunisia University El ManarTunisTunisia University of Corsica BP 5220250 CorteFrance Laboratoire de Recherche LR99ES12 Sciences Faculty of TunisiaUniversity El ManarTunisTunisia Aix Marseille University Avignon UniversitéCNRSIRDIMBEMarseilleFrance/Aix Marseille UniversityUniversitéde ToulonCNRSIRDMIOMarseilleFrance.

Specimens of Cymodocea(Viridiplantae,Magnoliophyta)collected on the Tunisian coasts showed a particular morphological and anatomical difference with the classical descriptions of Cymodocea nodosa(Ucria)*** only species of this genus reported in the Mediterranean *** order to precise the taxonomic identity of the new specimens we aimed in this work(i)to verify the identity of the new forms,(ii)to evaluate the genetic diversity of the population,(iii)to test the validity of the existing identification keys of the Tunisian Cymodocea *** stations located in two regions of the Tunisian coasts were *** morphological and anatomical characters used in taxonomic identification were measured(e.g.,number of cross veins,shape of the apex).The genetic study was performed using three most common chloroplast markers for plant characterization(DNA barcodes rbcL,matK and trnHpsbA).The morphological study revealed the presence of three *** morphotypes,described here for the first time,while the molecular characterization did not allow the discrimination of these morphological *** regard to these results,it would be wise to review the classical identification keys of the Cymodocea genus.

关键词： Cymodocea DNA barcoding morphology mediterranean taxonomy

Orthotopic Heart Auto-Transplantation in a Swine Model

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2022年第9期12卷 200-206页

作者： Michael P. Rogers Gregory Fishberger Nick martini Margaret Baldwin Lei Wang Wei Chen Ruisheng Liu Lucian Lozonschi Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of Surgery University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine Tampa FL USA Department of Comparative Medicine University of South Florida Tampa FL USA Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine Tampa FL USA Department of Physics College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Tampa FL USA

Background and Aim: The porcine heart bears the best resemblance to the human heart and remains the preferred preclinical model for anatomical, physiological, and medical device studies. In an effort to study phenomena related strictly to ischemia reperfusion and donor preservation protocols, it is essential to avoid the immune responses related to allotransplantation. Orthotopic auto-transplantation is a unique strategy to the field of cardiac transplantation for ex vivo experimentation. Nevertheless, auto-transplantation carries its own technical challenges related to insufficient length of the great vessels that are to be transected and re-anastomosed. Methods: A novel method for orthotopic cardiac auto-transplantation in the porcine model was developed and was described herein. Porcine models were used for ex vivo experimentation of a novel device to study ischemia reperfusion injury. Results: A total of five porcine models were used for ex vivo experimentation of a novel device to mitigate ischemia reperfusion injury and determine effects of donor preservation. Modifications to routine cardiac transplantation protocols to allow for successful auto-transplantation are described. Conclusion: Orthotopic cardiac auto-transplantation in the porcine model is a plausible and technically feasible method for reliable study of ischemia reperfusion injury and donor preservation protocols. Here, we describe methods for both direct orthotopic porcine cardiac auto-transplantations as well as a simplified protocol that can be substituted for full surgical auto-transplantation for the studies of preservation of donor hearts.

关键词： Porcine Cardiac Surgery Cardiac Transplantation

Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (9th Edition) 9

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Preseason elimination impact on anterior cruciate ligament injury in the national football league

2012年

作者： Frederic H. martini, Judi L. Nath, Edwin F. Bartholomew

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畅想之星图书光盘版（南通市图书馆镜像）

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第11期12卷 833-841页

作者： Michael Patetta Benjamin Mayo Omar Zaki martini Breanna Sullivan Leonard Onsen Mark Hutchinson Department of Orthopaedics University of Illinois Chicago College of MedicineChicagoIL 60612United States

BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injuries represent detrimental injuries in the National Football League(NFL).A significant portion of these injuries often occur in preseason *** Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic presented a unique disruption to preseason NFL football with the cancelation of all preseason *** To compare the incidence of ACL tears through the first eight weeks of the NFL season in 2020 to the mean incidence over the previous 5 seasons(2015-2019)and determine if there was any change in incidence with the elimination of the *** NFL players who suffered ACL tears during the preseason and first eight weeks of the NFL season from 2015-2020 were *** number of ACL injuries for the 2015-2019 seasons was compared to the 2020 season for four different *** each analysis,the cumulative number of ACL injuries to that time point was used to calculate the percent difference for descriptive ***,the number of teams with at least one player suffering an ACL tear were identified and compared using Chi-Squared ***,a cumulative relative risk was calculated for each week *** There were 14 ACL tears through the first four games of the 2020 season,a 118.8%(14 vs 6.4)increase in comparison to the 5-year average over the first 4 regular season weeks of ***,when accounting for injuries occurring during the preseason from 2015-2019,there were 18.6%(14 vs 17.2)fewer total ACL injuries through regular season week 4 with no significant difference in percentage of teams impacted when these preseason injuries were accounted for P=*** were similar(19 vs 17.2)over 8 total games played(whether regular season or preseason),and over 8 regular season games(P=0.196,P=0.600).CONCLUSION The elimination of the NFL preseason resulted in a higher rate of injuries during the first 4 games of the regular ***,these increases are offset by the injuries typically

关键词： Anterior cruciate ligament National football league Player safety Ligamentous injury Preseason COVID-19

Pro-oncogenic role of SerpinB3 in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatoma Research 2018年第6期4卷 119-127页

作者： Andrea martini Patrizia Pontisso Department of Medicine University of PaduaPadua 35128Italy

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most relevant sanitary problems for its prevalence and poor prognosis. This tumor is characterized by highly heterogeneous features, both at clinical and molecular level. SerpinB3 (squamous cell carcinoma antigen-1 or SCCA1) is a serine-protease inhibitor that protects cells from oxidative stress conditions, but in chronic liver damage it may lead to HCC through different strategies, including inhibition of apoptosis, induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, cell proliferation and invasiveness. Mechanisms of tumor growth promotion induced by SerpinB3 encompass the inhibition of intratumor infiltration of natural killer cells and the up-regulation of Myc oncogene. Recently this serpin has also been identified as a Ras-responsive factor and modulator of metabolic pathways. In the liver SerpinB3 is undetectable in normal hepatocytes, but its expression progressively increases in chronic liver diseases, dysplastic nodules and hepatocellular carcinoma, especially in those with poor prognosis, in which it could also exert immunomodulatory effects. In serum SerpinB3/4 isoforms (or SCCA) circulate bound to IgMs (SCCA-IgM) in patients with HCC, and in patients with cirrhosis their levels have been found correlated to the risk of HCC development. Preliminary findings in patients with HCC revealed that SCCA-IgM levels are predictive of HCC prognosis.

关键词： SerpinB3 chronic liver disease hepatocellular carcinoma chronic inflammation SCCA-IgM

Coagulation complications following trauma

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Military Medical Research 2017年第2期4卷 93-100页

作者： Wenjun Z.martini U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research

Traumatic injury is one of the leading causes of death, with uncontrolled hemorrhage from coagulation dysfunction as one of the main potentially preventable causes of the mortality. Hypothermia, acidosis, and resuscitative hemodilution have been considered as the significant contributors to coagulation manifestations following trauma, known as the lethal triad. Over the past decade, clinical observations showed that coagulopathy may be present as early as hospital admission in some severely injured trauma patients. The hemostatic dysfunction is associated with higher blood transfusion requirements, longer hospital stay, and higher mortality. The recognition of this early coagulopathy has initiated tremendous interest and effort in the trauma community to expand our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and improve clinical treatments. This review discusses the current knowledge of coagulation complications following trauma.

关键词： Traumatic injury Coagulation Sepsis Lethal triad Pathophysiology

Implication of the Hedgehog pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第24期23卷 4330-4340页

作者： Carminia Maria Della Corte Giuseppe Viscardi Federica Papaccio Giovanna Esposito Giulia martini Davide Ciardiello Erika Martinelli Fortunato Ciardiello Floriana Morgillo Dipartimento Medico-Chirurgico di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale 'F. Magrassi e A. Lanzara' Università degli studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli'

The prognosis for patients who are diagnosed with advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is poor because there are few treatment *** research has focused on the identification of novel molecular entities that can be targeted to inhibit oncogenic signals that are involved in the carcinogenesis,proliferation and progression of *** all of the pathways that are involved in the development of HCC,Hedgehog(HH)signalling has demonstrated a substantial role in hepatocarcinogenesis and HCC *** plays a physiological role in embryogenesis,through the induction of the differentiation of hepatocytes from endodermal *** re-activation of the HH pathway in chronic damaged liver is a mechanism of fibrotic degeneration and is implicated in various stages of HCC *** activation sustains the subpopulation of immature liver epithelial cells that are involved in the pathogenesis of cirrhosis and HCC,and HH itself is a mediator of the alcohol-derived malignant transformation of liver *** levels of expression of HH protein markers in liver tumour tissues are correlated with aggressive histological and biological features and a poor clinical *** vitro and in vivo inhibition models of the HH pathway confirm that HH is essential in maintaining tumour growth,metastasis and a mesenchymal phenotype.

关键词：刺猬上皮间充质的转变 Hepatocellular 癌 Hepatocarcinogenesis 预后