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The elegance of a macrophage

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第3期15卷 196-198页

作者： Maria De Santis massimo Locati Carlo Selmi Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoItaly Laboratory of Leukocyte Biology Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoItaly BIOMETRA Department University of MilanMilanItaly

In the latest issue of Nature Immunology,Piccolo et al.1 elegantly explored the effect of coexisting interferon-γ(IFN-γ)and interleukin 4(IL-4)antagonistic signals on macrophage transcriptional and epigenetic profiles and,interestingly,identified a plastic cross-talk as opposed to mutually exclusive programs between M1 and M2 polarized *** results support the fascinating hypothesis that transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming overcame genetics to drive the evolution of eukaryotic organisms.A rapid reshaping of chromatin acetylation redirected the expression of hundreds of genes under the control of a few transcription factors in response to two coexisting but opposing signals that indicated inflammation and its resolution simultaneously.

关键词： macrophage interferon inflammation

Understanding spatial patterns in the drivers of greenness trends in the Sahel-Sudano-Guinean region

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Big Earth Data 2023年第2期7卷 298-317页

作者： Min Jiang Li Jia massimo Menenti Yelong Zeng State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Sciences Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing Delft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina

The region-wide spatial pattern of the drivers of vegetation trends in the African Sahel-Sudano-Guinean region, one of the main drylands of the world, has not been fully investigated. Time-series satellite earth observation datasets were used to investigate spatiotemporal patterns of the vegetation greenness changes in the region and then a principal component regression method was applied to identify the region-wide spatial pattern of driving factors. Results find that vegetation greening is widespread in the region, while vegetation browning is more clustered in central West Africa. The dominant drivers of vegetation greenness have a distinct spatial pattern. Climatic factors are the primary drivers, but the impacts of precipitation decrease from north to south, while the impacts of temperature are contrariwise. Coupled with climatic drivers, land cover changes lead to greening trends in the arid zone, especially in the western Sahelian belt. However, the cluster of browning trends in central West Africa can primarily be attributed to the human-induced land cover changes, including an increasing fractional abundance of agriculture. The results highlight the spatial pattern of climatic and anthropic factors driving vegetation greenness changes, which helps natural resources sustainable use and mitigation of climate change and human activities in global dryland ecosystems.

关键词： Vegetation greenness driving factors Sahel-Sudano-Guinean principal component regression

The Bulk-Surface Virtual Element Method for Reaction-Diffusion PDEs:Analysis and Applications

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第3期33卷 733-763页

作者： massimo Frittelli Anotida Madzvamuse Ivonne Sgura Department of Mathematics and Physics“E.De Giorgi” University of SalentoVia per Arnesano73100 LecceItaly Department of Mathematics University of British Columbia1984 Mathematics RoadVancouverBC V6T 1Z2Canada Department of Mathematics School of Mathematical and Physical SciencesUniversity of SussexBrightonBN19QHUK Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of PretoriaPrivate Bag x 20Hatfield0028South Africa.

Bulk-surface partial differential equations(BS-PDEs)are prevalent in manyapplications such as cellular,developmental and plant biology as well as in engineeringand material *** numerical methods for BS-PDEs in three space dimensions(3D)are *** this work,we present a bulk-surface virtual elementmethod(BS-VEM)for bulk-surface reaction-diffusion systems,a form of semilinearparabolic BS-PDEs in *** previous studies in two space dimensions(2D),the3D bulk is approximated with general polyhedra,whose outer faces constitute a flatpolygonal approximation of the *** this reason,the method is restricted tothe lowest order case where the geometric error is not *** BS-VEM guaranteesall the advantages of polyhedral methods such as easy mesh generation andfast matrix assembly on general *** advantages are much more relevantthan in *** allowing for general polyhedra,general nonlinear reaction kineticsand general surface curvature,the method only relies on nodal values without needingadditional evaluations usually associated with the quadrature of general *** latter is particularly costly in *** BS-VEM as implemented in thisstudy retains optimal convergence of second order in space.

关键词： Bulk-surface PDEs bulk-surface reaction-diffusion systems polyhedral meshes bulksurface virtual element method convergence.

Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)in breast cancer:a diagnostic tool for prognosis and molecular analysis

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2012年第4期24卷 388-398页

作者： Xiaoshen Dong R.Katherine Alpaugh massimo Cristofanilli Department of Surgical Oncology First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical University Fox Chase Cancer Center 333 Cottman AvePhiladelphia

Metastatic breast cancer （MBC） is characterized by a combination of tumor growth, proliferation and metastatic progression and is typically managed with palliative intent. The benefit of standard systemic therapies is relatively limited and the disease is considered incurable suggesting the need to investigate the biological drivers of the various phases of the metastatic process in order to improve the selection of molecularly driven therapies. The detection, enumeration and molecular analysis of circulating tumor cells （CTCs） provide an intriguing opportunity to advance this knowledge. CTCs enumerated by the Food and Drugs Administration-cleared CellSearchTM system are an independent prognostic factor of progression- free survival （PFS） and overall survival （OS） in MBC patients. Several published papers demonstrated the poor prognosis for MBC patients that presented basal CTC count _〉5 in 7.5 mL of blood. Therefore, the enumeration of CTCs during treatment for MBC provides a tool with the ability to predict progression of disease earlier than standard timing of anatomical assessment using conventional radiological tests. During the metastatic process cancer cells exhibit morphological and phenotypic plasticity undergoing epithelial- mesenchymal transition （EMT）. This important phenomenon is associated with down regulation of epithelial marker （e.g., EpCAM） with potential limitations in the applicability of current CTCs enrichment methods. Such observations translated in a number of investigations aimed at improving our capabilities to enumerate and perform molecular characterization of CTCs. Theoretically, the phenotypic analysis of CTCs can represent a ＂liquid＂ biopsy of breast tumor that is able to identify a new potential target against the metastatic disease and advance the development and monitoring of personalized therapies.

关键词： Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) cancer stem cells

Advances in fatty acids nutrition in dairy cows: from gut to cells and effects on performance

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第1期12卷 1-36页

作者： massimo Bionaz Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez Sebastiano Busato Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenGrønnegårdsvej 3DK-1870 Frederiksberg CDenmark.

High producing dairy cows generally receive in the diet up to 5–6% of fat. This is a relatively low amount of fat in the diet compared to diets in monogastrics;however, dietary fat is important for dairy cows as demonstrated by the benefits of supplementing cows with various fatty acids(FA). Several FA are highly bioactive, especially by affecting the transcriptome;thus, they have nutrigenomic effects. In the present review, we provide an up-to-date understanding of the utilization of FA by dairy cows including the main processes affecting FA in the rumen,molecular aspects of the absorption of FA by the gut, synthesis, secretion, and utilization of chylomicrons;uptake and metabolism of FA by peripheral tissues, with a main emphasis on the liver, and main transcription factors regulated by FA. Most of the advances in FA utilization by rumen microorganisms and intestinal absorption of FA in dairy cows were made before the end of the last century with little information generated afterwards. However,large advances on the molecular aspects of intestinal absorption and cellular uptake of FA were made on monogastric species in the last 20 years. We provide a model of FA utilization in dairy cows by using information generated in monogastrics and enriching it with data produced in dairy cows. We also reviewed the latest studies on the effects of dietary FA on milk yield, milk fatty acid composition, reproduction, and health in dairy cows. The reviewed data revealed a complex picture with the FA being active in each step of the way, starting from influencing rumen microbiota, regulating intestinal absorption, and affecting cellular uptake and utilization by peripheral tissues, making prediction on in vivo nutrigenomic effects of FA challenging.

关键词： Absorption Dairy cow Dietary fatty acids Intestine Liver Metabolism Performance Transcription factors Transport

OxLDL induced p53-dependent apoptosis by activating p38MAPK and PKCδ signaling pathways in J774A.1 macrophage cells

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2011年第5期3卷 316-318页

作者： Giovannini, Claudio Varì, Rosaria Scazzocchio, Beatrice Sanchez, massimo Santangelo, Carmela Filesi, Carmelina D'Archivio, massimo Masella, Roberta Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety Italian National Institute of Health Viale Regina Elena 299 Rome 00161 Italy Cell Biology and Neuroscience Departments Italian National Institute of Health Viale Regina Elena 299 Rome 00161 Italy

Dear Editor,The sub-endothelial retention of lipoproteins is one of the key events that trigger the atherosclerosis ***-density lipoprotein(LDL)particles trapped within the arterial wall are prone to progressive oxidation by monocytes/*** LDL(oxLDL)is present in atherosclerotic lesions,and has been suggested to play a significant role in atherogenesis(Nishi et al.,2002).

关键词： p38MAPK arterial p53

HOW ARE PRODUCT-SERVICE COMBINED OFFERS PROVIDED IN GERMANY AND ITALY?ANALYSIS WITH COMPANY SIZES AND COUNTRIES

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2008年第3期17卷 367-381页

作者： Tomohiko SAKAO Nicola NAPOLITANO massimo TRONCI Erik SUNDIN Mattias LINDAHL Institute for Product Development and Machine Elements Darmstadt University of TechnologyGermany Department of Management and Engineering Linkping UniversitySweden Department of Mechanics and Aeronautics University of Rome"La Sapienza"Italy

A new business concept that offers products and services in a different way of traditional product-sales businesses is getting more attention especially in manufacturing industries. This paper investigates how this new business by means of integration of products and services is achieved in Germany and Italy. In addition, it analyzes the differences according to the company sizes. The results include that this type of business is in many cases motivated by their focus on customers and often consists of physical products and their maintenance. The Italian companies, as opposed to the German ones, often design their physical products specifically for this type of offers. From the analysis based on the size difference, small companies are found to achieve specific design for this type of offers while owning physical products. There do not seem to be any established methods or tools developed to support the development of such offers and within such methods/tools there would be room for more adaptation in form of physical product design.

关键词： Product-service combination functional sales integrated product service engineering service management product design maintenance

A Comparison of Two Approaches for Damage Evaluation on Optimal Mitigation and Adaptation Responses in China

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2019年第6期32卷 1641-1658页

作者： PENG Pan REN Xinyuan ZHU Lei FAN Ying massimo Tavoni University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China Institutes of Science and Development Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Economics and Management Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei MilanoItaly

Climate policies making are strongly impacted by the approach of damage *** is leading carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions in the world,and has agreed with Paris agreement to reduce CO2 *** is also expected to be negatively impacted by climate *** of main concerns is how to assess and monetize the climate damage from country-specific *** paper builds a model comprising two approaches of damage evaluation and assesses China's mitigation and adapt at ion responses by 2100 for both of no policy and Paris agreemen t *** has the following findings:First,the emissions pathway and nonfossil fuel consumption share of total energy consumption differs slightly between the two approaches of damage ***,with the Burkes approach,the climate damage avoided by adaptation is increasingly higher than that by mitigation when investment in adaptation starts to be massively injected with faster increasing trend by ***,climate expenses should be invested more to address higher level of the climate damage evaluated by the Burkes approach than by the Mannes ***,the main findings in this paper are robust in terms of uncertain ties in the parame ters of damage function.

关键词： Adaptation China damage function mitigation modelling

Discrete element method model calibration and validation for the spreading step of the powder bed fusion process to predict the quality of the layer surface

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Particuology 2024年第11期94卷 261-273页

作者： Marco Lupo Sina Zinatlou Ajabshir Daniele Sofia Diego Barletta massimo Poletto Department of Industrial Engineering University of SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II13284084FiscianoSAItaly Granutools Rue Jean Lambert Defrene 1074340 AwansBelgium Dipartimento di Ingegneria Informatica ModellisticaElettronica e Sistemistica dell’Universita’della CalabriaVia Pietro Bucci87036 Rende CS(CS)Italy

A Discrete Element Method model,including interparticle cohesive forces,was calibrated and validated to develop a tool to predict the powder layer’s quality in the powder bed fusion *** elastic contact model was used to describe cohesive interparticle *** surface energy of the model particles was estimated by assuming that the pull-off force should provide the strength of the material evaluated at low consolidation with shear test *** particle rolling friction was calibrated considering the bulk density of the layer produced by the spreading *** model was validated with the experiments by comparing the wavelet power spectra obtained with the simulations with those of the experimental layers illuminated by grazing *** calibration proposed in this study demonstrated superior performance compared to our previous methods,which relied on measuring the angle of repose and unconfined yield strength.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Powder bed fusion Laser sintering Powder spreading Discrete element method Wavelet transform