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Advances in fatty acids nutrition in dairy cows: from gut to cells and effects on performance

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第1期12卷 1-36页

作者： massimo Bionaz Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez Sebastiano Busato Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenGrønnegårdsvej 3DK-1870 Frederiksberg CDenmark.

High producing dairy cows generally receive in the diet up to 5–6% of fat. This is a relatively low amount of fat in the diet compared to diets in monogastrics;however, dietary fat is important for dairy cows as demonstrated by the benefits of supplementing cows with various fatty acids(FA). Several FA are highly bioactive, especially by affecting the transcriptome;thus, they have nutrigenomic effects. In the present review, we provide an up-to-date understanding of the utilization of FA by dairy cows including the main processes affecting FA in the rumen,molecular aspects of the absorption of FA by the gut, synthesis, secretion, and utilization of chylomicrons;uptake and metabolism of FA by peripheral tissues, with a main emphasis on the liver, and main transcription factors regulated by FA. Most of the advances in FA utilization by rumen microorganisms and intestinal absorption of FA in dairy cows were made before the end of the last century with little information generated afterwards. However,large advances on the molecular aspects of intestinal absorption and cellular uptake of FA were made on monogastric species in the last 20 years. We provide a model of FA utilization in dairy cows by using information generated in monogastrics and enriching it with data produced in dairy cows. We also reviewed the latest studies on the effects of dietary FA on milk yield, milk fatty acid composition, reproduction, and health in dairy cows. The reviewed data revealed a complex picture with the FA being active in each step of the way, starting from influencing rumen microbiota, regulating intestinal absorption, and affecting cellular uptake and utilization by peripheral tissues, making prediction on in vivo nutrigenomic effects of FA challenging.

关键词： Absorption Dairy cow Dietary fatty acids Intestine Liver Metabolism Performance Transcription factors Transport

HOW ARE PRODUCT-SERVICE COMBINED OFFERS PROVIDED IN GERMANY AND ITALY?ANALYSIS WITH COMPANY SIZES AND COUNTRIES

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2008年第3期17卷 367-381页

作者： Tomohiko SAKAO Nicola NAPOLITANO massimo TRONCI Erik SUNDIN Mattias LINDAHL Institute for Product Development and Machine Elements Darmstadt University of TechnologyGermany Department of Management and Engineering Linkping UniversitySweden Department of Mechanics and Aeronautics University of Rome"La Sapienza"Italy

A new business concept that offers products and services in a different way of traditional product-sales businesses is getting more attention especially in manufacturing industries. This paper investigates how this new business by means of integration of products and services is achieved in Germany and Italy. In addition, it analyzes the differences according to the company sizes. The results include that this type of business is in many cases motivated by their focus on customers and often consists of physical products and their maintenance. The Italian companies, as opposed to the German ones, often design their physical products specifically for this type of offers. From the analysis based on the size difference, small companies are found to achieve specific design for this type of offers while owning physical products. There do not seem to be any established methods or tools developed to support the development of such offers and within such methods/tools there would be room for more adaptation in form of physical product design.

关键词： Product-service combination functional sales integrated product service engineering service management product design maintenance

OxLDL induced p53-dependent apoptosis by activating p38MAPK and PKCδ signaling pathways in J774A.1 macrophage cells

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2011年第5期3卷 316-318页

作者： Claudio Giovannini Rosaria Varì Beatrice Scazzocchio massimo Sanchez Carmela Santangelo Carmelina Filesi massimo D'Archivio Roberta Masella Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety Italian National Institute of Health Viale Regina Elena 299 Rome 00161 Italy Cell Biology and Neuroscience Departments Italian National Institute of Health Viale Regina Elena 299 Rome 00161 Italy

Dear Editor,The sub-endothelial retention of lipoproteins is one of the key events that trigger the atherosclerosis ***-density lipoprotein(LDL)particles trapped within the arterial wall are prone to progressive oxidation by monocytes/*** LDL(oxLDL)is present in atherosclerotic lesions,and has been suggested to play a significant role in atherogenesis(Nishi et al.,2002).

关键词： p38MAPK arterial p53

A Comparison of Two Approaches for Damage Evaluation on Optimal Mitigation and Adaptation Responses in China

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2019年第6期32卷 1641-1658页

作者： PENG Pan REN Xinyuan ZHU Lei FAN Ying massimo Tavoni University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China Institutes of Science and Development Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Economics and Management Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei MilanoItaly

Climate policies making are strongly impacted by the approach of damage *** is leading carbon dioxide(CO2)emissions in the world,and has agreed with Paris agreement to reduce CO2 *** is also expected to be negatively impacted by climate *** of main concerns is how to assess and monetize the climate damage from country-specific *** paper builds a model comprising two approaches of damage evaluation and assesses China's mitigation and adapt at ion responses by 2100 for both of no policy and Paris agreemen t *** has the following findings:First,the emissions pathway and nonfossil fuel consumption share of total energy consumption differs slightly between the two approaches of damage ***,with the Burkes approach,the climate damage avoided by adaptation is increasingly higher than that by mitigation when investment in adaptation starts to be massively injected with faster increasing trend by ***,climate expenses should be invested more to address higher level of the climate damage evaluated by the Burkes approach than by the Mannes ***,the main findings in this paper are robust in terms of uncertain ties in the parame ters of damage function.

关键词： Adaptation China damage function mitigation modelling

Discrete element method model calibration and validation for the spreading step of the powder bed fusion process to predict the quality of the layer surface

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Particuology 2024年第11期94卷 261-273页

作者： Marco Lupo Sina Zinatlou Ajabshir Daniele Sofia Diego Barletta massimo Poletto Department of Industrial Engineering University of SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II13284084FiscianoSAItaly Granutools Rue Jean Lambert Defrene 1074340 AwansBelgium Dipartimento di Ingegneria Informatica ModellisticaElettronica e Sistemistica dell’Universita’della CalabriaVia Pietro Bucci87036 Rende CS(CS)Italy

A Discrete Element Method model,including interparticle cohesive forces,was calibrated and validated to develop a tool to predict the powder layer’s quality in the powder bed fusion *** elastic contact model was used to describe cohesive interparticle *** surface energy of the model particles was estimated by assuming that the pull-off force should provide the strength of the material evaluated at low consolidation with shear test *** particle rolling friction was calibrated considering the bulk density of the layer produced by the spreading *** model was validated with the experiments by comparing the wavelet power spectra obtained with the simulations with those of the experimental layers illuminated by grazing *** calibration proposed in this study demonstrated superior performance compared to our previous methods,which relied on measuring the angle of repose and unconfined yield strength.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Powder bed fusion Laser sintering Powder spreading Discrete element method Wavelet transform

Bridging to liver transplantation patients with a hepatocellular carcinoma within Milan criteria: how worth is it?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第3期7卷 202-205页

作者： Angelo Sangiovanni massimo Colombo Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology CRC“AM e A Migliavacca”Center for Liver DiseaseFondazione IRCCS CàGranda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoUniversitàdegli Studi di MilanoMilanoItaly Department of Medicine Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterHumanitas HospitalRozzanoItaly

The American Association for the Study of the Liver has recently provided conditional recommendations for locoregional ablative therapy to consolidate listing to liver transplantation of patients with a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) fulfilling the Milan criteria (MC, OPTN T2), an approach aiming at preventing tumor progression and patients to be delisted accordingly (1).

关键词： patients hepatocellular liver

Is there a real survival benefit of surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第2期8卷 148-150页

作者： massimo Colombo Ana Lleo Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS Rozzano(MI)Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityPieve Emanuele(MI)Italy

Surveillance with abdominal ultrasound(US)of patients with chronic liver disease who are at risk of developing a hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),has progressively emerged as a consolidated practice for achieving early diagnosis and improving treatment of liver cancer,despite the lack of robust evidence-based *** is recommended by the international societies from both hemispheres(1-3),where however recommendations from Far East voice some nuances with respect to the need for adding serum alfa fetoprotein(AFP)to US and of adopting accelerated intervals of screening for patients at very high risk of HCC,like those with viral hepatitis and multiple co-morbidities.A recent meta-analysis form the US confirms indeed a benefit in adding serum AFP to US(4).In the western world,a 6-month interval is considered more than adequate for screening patients with compensated cirrhosis of any aetiology,as several meta-analyses have reported appreciable survival benefits in those patients who had a small tumor detected with US surveillance that ultimately could access curative treatment with liver transplantation,hepatic resection or local ablation(5,6).

关键词： patients adding benefit

Peculiar characteristics of portal-hepatic hemodynamics of alcoholic cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第25期20卷 8005-8010页

作者： massimo Bolognesi Alberto Verardo Marco Di Pascoli Department of Medicine University of PaduaAzienda Ospedaliera Università di Padova35128 PadovaItaly

Alcohol-related cirrhosis is a consequence of heavy and prolonged drinking. Similarly to patients with cirrhosis of other etiologies, patients with alcoholic cirrhosis develop portal hypertension and the hepatic, splanchnic and systemic hemodynamic alterations that follow. However, in alcoholic cirrhosis, some specific features can be observed. Compared to viral cirrhosis, in alcohol-related cirrhosis sinusoidal pressure is generally higher, hepatic venous pressure gradient reflects portal pressure better, the portal flow perfusing the liver is reduced despite an increase in liver weight, the prevalence of reversal portal blood flow is higher, a patent paraumbilical vein is a more common finding and signs of hyperdynamic circulations, such as an increased cardiac output and decreased systemic vascular resistance, are more pronounced. Moreover, alcohol consumption can acutely increase portal pressure and portal-collateral blood flow. Alcoholic cardiomyopathy, another pathological consequence of prolonged alcohol misuse, may contribute to the hemodynamic changes occurring in alcohol-related cirrhosis. The aim of this review was to assess the portal-hepatic changes thatoccur in alcohol-related cirrhosis, focusing on the differences observed in comparison with patients with viral cirrhosis. The knowledge of the specific characteristics of this pathological condition can be helpful in the management of portal hypertension and its complications in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis.

关键词： Alcohol-related cirrhosis Portal hypertension Splanchnic flow Hyperdynamic circulatory syndrome Alcohol-related cardiomyopathy

Clinical role of non-invasive assessment of portal hypertension

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第1期23卷 1-10页

作者： massimo Bolognesi Marco Di Pascoli David Sacerdoti Department of Medicine University of PadovaI-35128 PadovaItaly

Measurement of portal pressure is pivotal in the evaluation of patients with liver cirrhosis. The measurement of the hepatic venous pressure gradient represents the reference method by which portal pressure is estimated. However, it is an invasive procedure that requires significant hospital resources, including experienced staff, and is associated with considerable cost. Non-invasive methods that can be reliably used to estimate the presence and the degree of portal hypertension are urgently needed in clinical practice. Biochemical and morphological parameters have been proposed for this purpose, but have shown disappointing results overall. Splanchnic Doppler ultrasonography and the analysis of microbubble contrast agent kinetics with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography have shown better accuracy for the evaluation of patients with portal hypertension. A key advancement in the non-invasive evaluation of portal hypertension has been the introduction in clinical practice of methods able to measure stiffness in the liver, as well as stiffness/congestion in the spleen. According to the data published to date, it appears to be possible to rule out clinically significant portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis (i.e., hepatic venous pressure gradient ≥ 10 mmHg) with a level of clinically-acceptable accuracy by combining measurements of liver stiffness and spleen stiffness along with Doppler ultrasound evaluation. It is probable that the combination of these methods may also allow for the identification of patients with the most serious degree of portal hypertension, and ongoing research is helping to ensure progress in this field.

关键词： Portal hypertension Splenic stiffness Liver stiffness Splenic arterial resistance indices Sonography Doppler ultrasound Cirrhosis Transient elastography Esophageal varices