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Arctic sea-ice extent: No record minimum in 2023 or recent years

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 52-55页

作者： Ola M.Johannessen Tor i.Olaussen Nansen Scientific Society BergenNorway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center BergenNorway

Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its minimum each year in September. On 11 September 2023 the minimum was 4.969 million square kilometers(***^(2)). This was not a record low, which occurred in 2012, when the minimum was 4.175 ***^(2), 0.794 ***^(2) less than the minimum in 2023. However, the ice extent had decreased by 0.432 ***^(2) compared with 2022. Nevertheless, the summer melting in 2023 was remarkably less than expected when considering the strong heat waves in the atmosphere and ocean, with record temperatures set around the world. in general, there is a high correlation between the long-term decrease in sea-ice extent and the increasing CO_(2) in the atmosphere, where the increase of CO_(2) in recent decades explains about 80% of the decrease in sea ice in September, while the remainder is caused by natural variability.

关键词： Sea ice Arctic Minimum ice Climate

HbA_(1C) as a Biomarker of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Comparison with Anthropometric Parameters

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2021年第1期9卷 15-21页

作者： Muhammad masroor Zeba Haque Dow University of Health Sciences KarachiPakistan

Background and Aims:Multiple non-invasive methods including radiological,anthropometric and biochemical markers have been reported with variable *** present study assessed glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1C)as a biomarker to predict non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and its severity,compared with body mass index(BMi),waist to hip ratio(WHR)and waist circumference(WC)Methods:This case control study included 450 individuals,including 150 cases and 300 age-and gender-matched controls recruited from the Dow Radiology institute on the basis of radiological findings of fatty infiltration on abdominal ultrasound through convenient ***,WHR and WC were measured according to standard ***1C was determined by turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay Results:Among the cases and controls,66%and 32%had HbA1C levels higher than 5.7%***1C and BMi were significantly associated with NAFLD[crude odds ratio(cOR)=4.12,2.88,2.25(overweight)and 4.32(obese)].WC was found to be significantly associated with NAFLD for both genders(cOR in males=5.50 and females=5.79,pignificantly associated with NAFLD(aOR=3.40,pith WC in males(aOR=2.91,pin females(aOR=4.28,pignificant rise in severity of hepatic steatosis was noted with increases in HbA1C,BMi and ***1C possessed a positive predictive value of 76%for the study population[0.76,confidence interval(Ci):0.715-0.809],70.6%for males(0.706,Ci:0.629-0.783)and 80%for females(0.80,Ci:0.741-0.858).Conclusions:Higher than normal HbA1C and WC measurements possess a more than 70%potential to predict *** is the single risk factor that is strongly associated with NAFLD after adjustment for indices of body ***1C may be presented as a potential biomarker for NAFLD in examination with other anthropometric measures in the adult population.

关键词： NAFLD HbA_(1C) Biomarker Non-diabetic population Body weight measurements Body mass index(BMi) Waist circumference(WC)

Coarse to Fine: The Role of Severe Plastic Deformation in Advancing Titanium-Based Medical implants - A Comprehensive Review

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 295-306页

作者： Dragana R Mihajlović Bojan i Međo ivana Lj Cvijović-Alagić Veljko R Djokić Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy University of BelgradeKarnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia Vinča institute of Nuclear Sci-ences-National institute of the Republic of Serbia University of Belgrade11001BeogradSerbia innovation Centre of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy Karnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia

This paper describes severe plastic deformation(SPD)procedures,which are utilized to form an ultrafine-grained structure in metallic *** the SPD process,a solid material sample is subjected to very high loads without a significant change in sample *** the present work,the high-pressure torsion(HPT)process,as one of the SPD techniques,which achieves a high degree of deformation and ensures refinement of the microstructure,will be discussed in more *** that grain size control is accepted as a method to obtain materials with desired characteristics,an overview of the properties of ultrafine-grained titanium-based biomaterials to be used in medicine is ***,particular attention is dedicated to the influences of HPT process parameters,primarily hydrostatic pressure,and number of revolutions during torsion,on the grain size and physical and mechanical characteristics(modulus of elasticity,microhardness,and tensile properties),corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility of the titanium-based biomaterials.A review of the literature indicates that titanium-based materials obtained by the SPD process show improved mechanical and physical properties without losing biocompatibility and corrosion resistance,which suggests that these methods of obtaining implants are something that should be further developed in the future.

关键词： high-pressure torsion process ultrafine-grained titanium-based materials electrochemical anodization physical properties mechanical properties

Efficient Body-Transfer Wheelchair for Assisting Functionally impaired People

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 4881-4900页

作者： Chyi-Yeu Lin Bahrudin Salman masroor Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyTaipei106TaiwanChina Center for Cyber-Physical Systems National Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyTaipei106TaiwanChina Taiwan Building Technology Center National Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyTaipei106TaiwanChina

Functionally impaired people always have difficulty accomplishing activities of daily *** this regard,tasks including toileting and bathing have a higher prevalence rate of injuries and greater risk of *** this study,a body-transfer wheelchair was developed to assist people in transferring from bed to wheelchair for bathing,and *** bodytransfer wheelchair is a semi-automatic wheelchair that has features such as a controlled leg and backrest,linkage commode slot,and height *** wheelchair consists of a seat and a main frame that can be detached to enable bathtub *** mechanism lets the user stay on the seat while being transferred into the bathtub without any risk of falling.A linkage mechanism was developed as a part of the seat for ease of *** and force analysis was conducted to calculate the force required for each *** has been proved by the experimental results that the wheelchair can securely and comfortably transfer a patient from the bed to the toilet or bathtub.A survey has been conducted to evaluate the wheelchair prototype design *** focus groups were chosen:one comprised of functionally impaired people,and the other comprised of *** results of the survey show that 60%of both functionally impaired people and caregivers would like to use the body-transfer wheelchair for toileting and bathing ***,on average 65%of both focus groups find it convenient to operate the body-transfer wheelchair independently.

关键词： Wheelchair functionally-impaired people toileting bathing bodytransfer

Multisensory mechanisms of gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease:an integrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 82-92页

作者： Stiven Roytman Rebecca Paalanen Giulia Carli Uros Marusic Prabesh Kanel Teus van Laar Nico i.Bohnen Department of Radiology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Neurology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Morris K.Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson’s Disease Research University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA institute for Kinesiology Research Science and Research Centre KoperKoperSlovenia Department of Health Sciences Alma Mater Europaea–ECMMariborSlovenia Parkinson’s Foundation Research Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Neurology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Neurology Service and GRECC VA Ann Arbor Healthcare SystemAnn ArborMIUSA

Understanding the neural underpinning of human gait and balance is one of the most pertinent challenges for 21st-century translational neuroscience due to the profound impact that falls and mobility disturbances have on our aging *** and gait control does not happen automatically,as previously believed,but rather requires continuous involvement of central nervous *** effectively exert control over the body,the brain must integrate multiple streams of sensory information,including visual,vestibular,and somatosensory *** mechanisms which underpin the integration of these multisensory signals are the principal topic of the present *** multisensory integration theories focus on how failure of cognitive processes thought to be involved in multisensory integration leads to falls in older *** emphasis,however,has been placed on specific contributions of individual sensory modalities to multisensory integration processes and cross-modal interactions that occur between the sensory modalities in relation to gait and *** the present work,we review the contributions of somatosensory,visual,and vestibular modalities,along with their multisensory intersections to gait and balance in older adults and patients with Parkinson’s *** also review evidence of vestibular contributions to multisensory temporal binding windows,previously shown to be highly pertinent to fall risk in older ***,we relate multisensory vestibular mechanisms to potential neural substrates,both at the level of neurobiology(concerning positron emission tomography imaging)and at the level of electrophysiology(concerning electroencephalography).We hope that this integrative review,drawing influence across multiple subdisciplines of neuroscience,paves the way for novel research directions and therapeutic neuromodulatory approaches,to improve the lives of older adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： aging balance encephalography functional magnetic resonance imaging gait multisensory integration Parkinson’s disease positron emission tomography somatosensory vestibular visual

A Comparison of image Processing Techniques for Optical interference Fringe Analysis

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Photonic Sensors 2015年第4期5卷 304-311页

作者： Muhammad FAROOQ Aasma ASLAM Babar HUSSAiN Ghazanfar HUSSAiN masroor iKRAM National institute of Lasers and Optronics Lehtrar Road lslamabad 45650 Pakistan Hazara University Mansehra and NUST lslamabad 21300 Pakistan University of North Carolina at Charlotte Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 9201 University City Boulevard Charlotte 28223 USA pakistan institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences lslamabad 45650 Pakistan

We present a comparison of different techniques for the analysis of the shift and tilt in optical interference fringes. Fringe center, Radon transform, and Gaussian approximation methods are used for fringe analysis. We have measured the tilt and shift between two relevant fringe pattems. The error in tilt measurement was about 2%, and the displacement of the order of few nanometers was measured by the fringe shift analysis. The comparison between the techniques is analyzed with respect to percentage error.

关键词： interferometry fringes tilt shift imaging

Apolipoprotein A-i binding protein-mediated neuroprotection in glaucomatous neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1414-1415页

作者： Sinwoo Hwang Seunghwan Choi Soo-Ho Choi Keun-Young Kim Yury i.Miller Won-Kyu Ju Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye institute The Viterbi Family Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Department of Medicine University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA National Center for Microscopy and imaging Research Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Glaucoma is a multifactorial eye disorder that can cause vision loss and irreversible blindness,affecting individ uals aged 40 to 80 yea rs *** to the aging population,it is expected that the number of people affected by glaucoma will surpass 111 million by 2040 as the disease becomes more *** primarily contributes to optic nerve axon loss and the progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs),subsequently leading to vision impairment.

关键词： irreversible pass primarily

New Hybrid EWMA Charts for Efficient Process Dispersion Monitoring with Application in Automobile industry

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第5期131卷 1171-1195页

作者： Xuechen Liu Majid Khan Zahid Rasheed Syed masroor Anwar Muhammad Arslan Faculty of Economics Taiyuan Normal UniversityTaiyuan030619China Department of Mathematics and Statistics Riphah International UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Women University of Azad Jammu and KashmirBagh12500Pakistan Department of Statistics University of Azad Jammu and KashmirMuzaffarabad13100Pakistan School of Statistics Shanxi University of Finance and EconomicsTaiyuan030619China

The EWMAcharts are thewell-knownmemory-type charts used formonitoring the small-to-intermediate shifts in the process parameters(location and/or dispersion).The hybrid EWMA(HEWMA)charts are enhanced version of the EWMA charts,which effectivelymonitor the process *** paper aims to develop two new uppersided HEWMAcharts for monitoring shifts in process variance,i.e.,HEWMA1 and HEWMA2 *** design structures of the proposed HEWMA1 and HEWMA2 charts are based on the concept of integrating the features of two ***1 and HEWMA2charts plotting statistics are developed using one EWMAstatistic as input for the other *** Carlo simulations method is used as a computational technique to determine the numerical results for the performance characteristics,such as average run length(ARL),median run length,and standard deviation run length(SDRL)for assessing the performance of the proposed HEWMA1 and HEWMA2 *** addition,to evaluate the overall performance of the proposed HEWMA1 and HEWMA2 charts,other numerical measures consisting of the extra quadratic loss(EQL),relative average run length(RARL),and performance comparison index(PCi)are also *** proposed HEWMA1 and HEWMA2 charts are compared to some existing charts,such as CH,CEWMA,HEWMA,AEWMAHHW1,HHW2,AiB-EWMA-i,and AiB-EWMA-ii charts,on the basis aforementioned numerical *** comparison reveals that the proposed HEWMA1 and HEWMA2 charts achieve better detection ability against the existing *** the end,a real-life data application is also provided to enhance the implementation of the proposed HEWMA1 and HEWMA2 charts practically.

关键词： Average run length extra quadratic loss memory-type charts Monte Carlo simulations smoothing parameter

Nano-Enhanced Dairy Scum Biodiesel Blends:Unleashing the Power of Aluminium Oxide for Sustainable and Efficient Engine Performance

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 283-302页

作者： Veeranna MODi Prasad B.RAMPURE Sunil Kumar SHETTY Madeva NAGARAL Channa Keshava NAiK N Johar MGM Muhammad irsyad ABDULLAH Abdullah i.AL-MANSOUR Shamshad ALAM KLE College of Engineering and Technology ChikodiVisvesvaraya Technological University Nitte (Deemed to be University) NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT)Department of Mechanical Engineering Aircraft Research and Design Centre HAL Department of Mechanical Engineering BGS College of Engineering and TechnologyBengaluruAffiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University Management and Science University Department of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud University

This study investigates the effect of aluminium oxide nanoparticlesaddition to biodiesel blends made from dairy milk scum on performance and combustion characteristics of the diesel *** dispersion of Al2O3nanoparticles in B20 blends at different concentrations was done with the help of *** number of blends were prepared for the *** Machine learning algorithms(Random Forest（RF）and CatBoost) was used for the *** results show that in comparison to biodiesel blends without nanoparticles,the kinematic viscosity and density is higher for fuel blends with *** these Fuel blends have higher calorific *** blends exhibited reduced Brake Specific Fuel Consumption（BSFC） of2.85% than the blends without nano particles(Dairy Scum Methyl Ester Biodiesel 20%+Neat Diesel 80%（in volume）,DSMEB20),57.14% less CO,40.8% less hydrocarbon,and increased NOxemissions compared to conventional diesel,contributing to the development of environmentally friendly and renewable biofuel blends with *** B20NP30 is the optimal blend for performance and emission *** study concludes with findings on enhanced Brake Thermal Efficiency（BTE） of 26.29% in 3×10-5（in volume） Al2O3nanoparticle-blended DSME B20 and other DSME B20 fuel blends,emphasizing the importance of optimal nanoparticle *** correlation matrix shows how engine load,efficiency measures（BTE,BSFC）,and emissions（CO,CO2,NOx,Smoke） are connected in complex *** results help us understand the complicated dynamics of engine performance and emission characteristics ***'s diagram for BTE and BSFC shows that CatBoost-based BTE models perform superior to RF-based models during the training as well as testing *** results were obtained for CO and CO2emission results.

关键词： Al2O3 concentration Ci engine Dairy Scum Methyl Ester Biodiesel