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Safety and Efficacy of Combination Therapy with Insulin Glargine and Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents Including DPP-4 Inhibitors in Japanese T2DM Patients: ALOHA 2 Study, a Post-Marketing Surveillance for Lantus<sup>®</sup>

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2014年第4期4卷 273-289页

作者： masayuki kobayashi Shoko Tsukube Yukio Ikeda Yujin Shuto Sanofi K.K. Tokyo Japan Sanofi K.K. Tokyo Japanc

Aims: In the Add-on Lantus®?to Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents 2 (ALOHA 2) Study in Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), data on the safety and efficacy of combination therapy with insulin glargine (Lantus®) and oral anti-hyperglycaemic drugs (OADs) including dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors in a real-life setting were collected and analyzed. Methods: This postmarketing surveillance was a prospective, observational, 24-week study that complied with the pharmaceutical affairs law and the ministerial ordinance of “Good Post-Marketing Study Practice (GPSP)” in Japan. Safety, efficacy and patient-reported outcomes (PROs);patients’ satisfaction with treatment (DTSQs and DTSQc) and patients’ self-reported health (EQ-5D and EQ-VAS) of combination therapy of insulin glargine and OADs were evaluated. Results: A total of 2,630 patients were enrolled. Of the 2,602 patients in the safety analysis population, 161 patients experienced 175 cases of adverse drug reactions, and the major adverse drug reaction was hypoglycaemia (140 patients, 5.38%). Out of those with hypoglycaemia, 11 patients (0.42%) had severe hypoglycaemia and the incidence rate (episodes per patient-year) was 0.019. Basal supported oral therapy (BOT) with insulin glargine substantially reduced the HbA1c, FPG and 2 hour-PPG levels for 24 weeks by -1.61%, -54.4 mg/dL and -74.5 mg/dL respectively. The mean weight was increased, however the change was +0.50 kg. In addition, the treatment satisfaction scores of DTSQs (mean treatment satisfaction score increased 3.6 from baseline to last observation) and DTSQc, EQ-5D index scores and EQ-VAS scores were significantly improved. Conclusion: Insulin glargine and OADs combination therapy was suggested to be effective and well tolerated. Patients’ satisfaction with treatment and their self-reported health improved in spite of the addition of injections to oral agents. The combination therapy of insulin glargine and OADs including DPP-4 inhibitors

关键词： ALOHA 2 Insulin Glargine Patient-Reported Outcomes Post-Marketing Surveillance Study Type 2 Diabetes

学生资助和高等教育机会均等(续)——对中日美3国的比较分析

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教育与经济 2005年第4期21卷 56-61页

作者：小林雅之王杰东京大学大学综合教育研究中心

上期讨论了相关理论并简单介绍了高学费、高资助政策。本期介绍对高学费、高资助政策的各种批判意见和各国的学生资助概况,考察了学生资助制度比较完善的美国的状况,包括其历史、现状、社会背景以及存在的问题等。结果显示美国的财政资... 详细信息

上期讨论了相关理论并简单介绍了高学费、高资助政策。本期介绍对高学费、高资助政策的各种批判意见和各国的学生资助概况,考察了学生资助制度比较完善的美国的状况,包括其历史、现状、社会背景以及存在的问题等。结果显示美国的财政资助卓有成效,但也存在学生负债过重和不还款现象,还有学生资助基准的变化使教育机会均等面临危机。

关键词：学生资助学费学生贷款教育经费高等教育财政投入教育机会

学生资助和高等教育机会均等(续2)——对中日美3国的比较分析

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教育与经济 2006年第2期22卷 55-60页

作者：小林雅之王杰东京大学大学综合教育研究中心日本国立御茶女子大学

本期主要讨论日本、中国的学费和学生资助状况。在日本,学费上涨很快,但是学生资助制度没有及时得到完善。国家财政提供的资助主要通过日本学生资助机构办理。该资助属贷款而不是赠予,学生在毕业后必须偿还。多数私立大学虽设立了具有... 详细信息

本期主要讨论日本、中国的学费和学生资助状况。在日本,学费上涨很快,但是学生资助制度没有及时得到完善。国家财政提供的资助主要通过日本学生资助机构办理。该资助属贷款而不是赠予,学生在毕业后必须偿还。多数私立大学虽设立了具有其特色的奖助贷学金,但获资助学生非常少。即便是日本国立大学的学生,其教育费负担也很重。在中国,公立大学的学费飞速上涨。虽然中国的学生资助类型多样,但是赠予型多用于奖优,助贫主要靠贷款,借贷学生的偿还压力很大。中日两国都有待于进一步改善其教育机会均等化政策。

关键词：学生资助学费学生贷款教育经费高等教育财政投入教育经济学教育机会均等日本中国美国比较教育

Efficacy and Safety of Sunitinib in Japanese Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2011年第3期2卷 335-341页

作者： Takahito Suyama Takeshi Ueda Satoshi Fukasawa Atsushi Komaru masayuki kobayashi Yukio Naya Naoki Nihei Tomohiko Ichikawa 不详

Objective: This study aim to assess the efficacy and safety of sunitinib in Japanese patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in general clinical practice. Patients and Methods: Non-selected fifty eight Japanese patients with mRCC were treated with sunitinib. Overall survival (OS) and time to treatment failure (TTF) were estimated. Response rate and safety profiles were also assessed. Results: Partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease were observed in 13 (22.4%), 26 (44.8%), and 19 (32.8%) patients, respectively. The median TTF was 5.4 months, and the median OS was 11.2 months. In the prior nephrectomy group, the median TTF was 9.0 months, and the median OS was 16.4 months. In the non-nephrectomy group, the median TTF was 1.1 months, and the median OS was 2.8 months. The most frequently occurring Grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs) were anorexia (17.2%), fatigue (12.1%), thrombocytopenia (13.8%), and anemia (12.1%). Conclusions: Sunitinib has a favorable risk/benefit profile in Japanese mRCC patients with a history of nephrectomy.

关键词： Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis Sunitinib Adverse Event

学生资助和高等教育机会均等——对中日美3国的比较分析

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教育与经济 2005年第3期21卷 47-51页

作者：小林雅之王杰东京大学综合教育研究中心

世界各国的高等教育规模在不断扩大,但是低收入阶层的教育机会未必在同步增长,他们需要政府的资助。另一方面,教育规模的扩大又严重压迫着财政支出。各国都处在解决机会均等和财政负担的困境中。本文将讨论学生资助的相关理论,比较多样... 详细信息

世界各国的高等教育规模在不断扩大,但是低收入阶层的教育机会未必在同步增长,他们需要政府的资助。另一方面,教育规模的扩大又严重压迫着财政支出。各国都处在解决机会均等和财政负担的困境中。本文将讨论学生资助的相关理论,比较多样的资助制度,从中获得启示。

关键词：学生资助学费学生贷款教育经费高等教育财政投入教育机会

Involvement of gonadal soma-derived factor in the reproduction of teleosts

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第3期9卷 417-421页

作者： Tohru kobayashi Laboratory of Molecular Reproductive Biology Institute for Environmental SciencesUniversity of ShizuokaShizuoka422-8526Japan Graduate School of Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences University of ShizuokaShizuoka422-8526Japan

Gonadal soma-derived factor(Gsdf)is a member of the transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)superfamily and a teleost-specific *** studies suggested that Gsdf promotes spermatogonial proliferation;however recent reports have shed light on its role in sex differentiation based on expression profiles and gain-and loss-of-function *** paper discusses the involvement of Gsdf in gonadal sex differentiation and sex changes in teleosts.

关键词： Teleosts Medaka Gsdf Sex determination Sex differentiation Sex change Pituitary

Efficacy and Safety of Axitinib as First-Line Therapy in Japanese Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2015年第8期6卷 670-678页

作者： Takeshi Namekawa Satoshi Fukasawa Atsushi Komaru masayuki kobayashi Takayuki Ohzeki Yosuke Sato Junryo Rii Hirotsugu Uemura Tomohiko Ichikawa Takeshi Ueda Prostate Center and Division of Urology Chiba Cancer Center Chiba Japan Department of Urology Kinki University Hospital Osaka Japan Department of Urology Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba Japan

Previous study reported that patients treated with axitinib as second-line therapy had longer median progression-free survival than those treated with sorafenib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). In this study, we reviewed our experience of axitinib as a first-line therapy for mRCC in Japanese patients, focusing on its efficacy and safety. We retrospectively assessed 26 patients treated with axitinib as a first-line therapy for mRCC from July 2010 to July 2014 at Chiba Cancer Center and Kinki University Hospital. Observation period was 24.6 ± 18.3 months. The objective response rate was 50.0%, and the median progression-free survival was 27.5 months. Overall survival was not estimable. Common grade 3 adverse events were hypertension in 19 patients and proteinuria in 5 patients. Axitinib demonstrated significant efficacy as a first-line therapy in Japanese patients with mRCC. Careful monitoring and management of the adverse effects may help to control its toxicities.

关键词： Axitinib Renal Cell Carcinoma First Line

Comparison of incidence of acute kidney injury after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with that after open retropubic and extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomies in patients with prostate cancer

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Current Urology 2024年第2期18卷 139-143页

作者： Shunsuke Sato Toshiaki Tanaka Takeshi Maehana Kohei Hashimoto Ko kobayashi Naoya Masumori Department of Urology Sapporo Medical UniversitySapporoJapan

Background:We retrospectively evaluated the postoperative renal function in patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy to compare the incidences of postoperative acute kidney injury(AKI)among the patients who had undergone robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP),retropubic radical prostatectomy(RRP),and extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy(exLRP).Materials and methods:Patients with prostate cancer who had undergone radical prostatectomy at our institution between 2008 and 2014 were ***-assisted radical prostatectomy was performed using an intraperitoneal approach in a 25-degree Trendelenburg position,whereas other procedures were performed with the patient in the supine *** evaluated the serum creatinine levels and estimated glomerular filtration rates immediately after surgery and on postoperative day *** evaluated the incidence of AKI after prostatectomy using the Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria of the Kidney Disease:Improving Global Outcomes ***:A total of 150 consecutive patients were included,with each of the 3 groups(RARP,RRP,and exLRP)comprising 50 *** AKI was observed in 15(30.0%),1(2.0%),and 3(6.0%)patients in the RARP,RRP,and exLRP groups,*** 1 AKI was observed in all the patients except *** incidence of AKI in RARP group was significantly higher than that in the other groups(p<0.001).In the RARP group,the serum creatinine level was significantly elevated immediately after the surgery;however,it returned to baseline on postoperative day *** procedures were the only independent factor associated with AKI ***:This study suggest that compared with RRP and exLRP,RARP is associated with a higher incidence of postoperative AKI,although most patients recover ***-abdominal pneumoperitoneum may contribute to AKI onset.

关键词： Acute kidney injury Renal function Prostatectomy

Fundamental Study on Response Properties of Structures Constructed on Lunar Regolith

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2024年第1期13卷 27-40页

作者： Yuji Miyamoto Takaharu Nakano Toshio kobayashi Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering Fukui University of Technology Fukui Japan Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Osaka Japan SANSEI Inc. Tokyo Japan

The Artemis Program, for constructing the lunar base, is in progress. How to design and construct architectural and civil engineering structures in the lunar environment has become an important issue. The lunar surface is covered with soft sand, called regolith, and it is required to protect lunar bases and structures, as well as internal precision equipment, against vibrational disturbances such as moonquakes and meteorite collisions. Therefore, in this study, the static and cyclic triaxial compression tests of the regolith simulant were conducted. The reference strain and equivalent damping factor of the regolith simulant were smaller compared to sandy soil on Earth. In addition, a shaking table test using model specimens was conducted on the response properties of regolith ground alone and structures set on regolith ground. The buried foundation and pile foundation notably suppressed the horizontal response attributed to the rocking component compared to a direct foundation.

关键词： Lunar Development Regolith Soil-Structure Interaction Triaxial Compression Test Shaking Table Test