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Analysis of Endoscopic Sphenopalatine Artery Surgery for Refractory Epistaxis

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2020年第2期9卷 78-85页

作者： Takahiro Kitamura Yukinori Takenaka Kengo Aoki Takuma Shimada Hiroko Hamaguchi Ayaka Nakatani masayuki nozawa Ryohei Oya Yoshifumi Yamamoto Atsuhiko Uno Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Osaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan

Background: This study aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of sphenopalatine artery (SPA) surgery in patients with refractory epistaxis and to identify factors associated with the indications for surgery to assist clinicians in making prompt and appropriate decisions regarding SPA surgery for refractory epistaxis. Methods: We analyzed 97 consecutive patients with nasal bleeding hospitalized in our institution between April 2009 and March 2018. Clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes were analyzed from retrospective chart reviews. Results: Of the 97 patients, 28 (29 sides) required SPA surgery. There were no differences in sex, anti-coagulant drug or antiplatelet use, hemoglobin concentration, or platelet count between Group A (patients who required surgery) and Group B (patients who did not require surgery). Age (58 vs. 67 years, p = 0.038) and severity of comorbidity (0 vs. 1, p = 0.039) were significantly lower in the surgery group. Patients who were younger and had lower Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores had more requirements for surgery than those who were older and had higher CCI scores. There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to the proportion of patients receiving blood transfusions;however, the length of hospitalization was significantly longer in Group A than in Group B (8.9 vs. 8 days, p = 0.038). Success rate (non-rebleeding rate) was 89%, comparable to that reported in previous studies. Conclusions: Endoscopic SPA surgery was found safe and effective method with few complications. Younger patients with lower CCI scores were found appropriate for SPA surgery for refractory epistaxis due in part to a lower risk of anesthesia.

关键词： Epistaxis Sphenopalatine Artery Emergency Admission Cauterization Ligation Endoscope

Impacts of Global Warming on Hydrological Cycles in the Asian Monsoon Region

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第6期25卷 960-973页

作者： Koji DAIRAKU Seita EMORI Toru nozawa Storm Flood and Landslide Research Department National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention Climate Risk Assessment Research Section Center for Global Environmental Research National Institute for Environmental Studies Atmospheric Physics Section Atmospheric Environment Division National Institute for Environmental Studies

The hydrologic changes and the impact of these changes constitute a fundamental global-warmingrelated concern. Faced with threats to human life and natural ecosystems, such as droughts, floods, and soil erosion, water resource planners must increasingly make future risk assessments. Though hydrological predictions associated with the global climate change are already being performed, mainly through the use of GCMs, coarse spatial resolutions and uncertain physical processes limit the representation of terrestrial water/energy interactions and the variability in such systems as the Asian monsoon. Despite numerous studies, the regional responses of hydrologic changes resulting from climate change remains inconclusive. In this paper, an attempt at dynamical downsealing of future hydrologic projection under global climate change in Asia is addressed. The authors conducted present and future Asian regional climate simulations which were nested in the results of Atmospheric General Circulation Model （AGCM） experiments. The regional climate model could capture the general simulated features of the AGCM. Also, some regional phenomena such as orographic precipitation, which did not appear in the outcome of the AGCM simulation, were successfully produced. Under global warming, the increase of water vapor associated with the warmed air temperature was projected. It was projected to bring more abundant water vapor to the southern portions of India and the Bay of Bengal, and to enhance precipitation especially over the mountainous regions, the western part of India and the southern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. As a result of the changes in the synoptic flow patterns and precipitation under global warming, the increases of annual mean precipitation and surface runoff were projected in many regions of Asia. However, both the positive and negative changes of seasonal surface runoff were projected in some regions which will increase the flood risk and cause a mismatch between water

关键词： hydrologic change dynamical downscaling regional climate model Asian monsoon region

Inhibition of rheumatoid arthritis by blocking connective tissue growth factor

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第5期5卷 653-659页

作者： Kazuhisa nozawa Maki Fujishiro Yoshinari Takasaki Iwao Sekigawa Department of Rheumatology School of Medicine Juntendo University Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital

The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) remains to be completely elucidated so far; however, it is known that proinflammatory cytokines play a pivotal role in the induction of RA. Tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α), in particular, is considered to play a central role in bone destruction by mediating the abnormal activation of osteoclasts or the production of proteolytic enzymes through direct or indirect mechanisms. The use of TNF-α blocking agents has a significant impact on RA therapy. Anti-TNF-α blocking agents such as infliximab are very effective for treatment of RA, especially for the prevention of articular destruction. We have previously shown that several proteins exhibited extensive changes in their expression after amelioration of RA with infliximab treatment. Among the proteins, connective tissue growth factor(CTGF) has a significantrole for the development of RA. Herein, we review the function of CTGF in the pathogenesis of RA and discuss the possibility of a novel treatment for RA. We propose that CTGF is a potentially novel effector molecule in the pathogenesis of RA. Blocking the CTGF pathways by biological agents may have great beneficial effect in patients with RA.

关键词： Connective tissue growth facto Rheumatoid arthritis Osteoclasts Condrocytes Tumor necrosis factor-α

In situ observation of the phase transformation kinetics of bismuth during shock release

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 586-592页

作者：李江涛王倩男徐亮柳雷张航 Sota Takagi Kouhei Ichiyanagi Ryo Fukaya Shunsuke nozawa 胡建波 Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research Institute of Fluid PhysicsChina Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China State Key Laboratory for Environment-Friendly Energy Materials Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Tokyo102-0083Japan Institute of Materials Structure Science High Energy Accelerator Research OrganizationIbaraki305-8572Japan

A time-resolved x-ray diffraction technique is employed to monitor the structural transformation of laser-shocked *** reveal a retarded transformation from the shock-induced Bi-Ⅴphase to a metastable Bi-Ⅳphase during the shock release,instead of the thermodynamically stable Bi-Ⅲ*** emergence of the metastable Bi-Ⅳphase is understood by the competitive interplay between two transformation pathways towards the Bi-Ⅳand Bi-Ⅲ,*** former is more rapid than the latter because the Bi-Ⅴto B-Ⅳtransformation is driven by interaction between the closest atoms while the Bi-Ⅴto B-Ⅲtransformation requires interaction between the second-closest *** nucleation time for the Bi-Ⅴto Bi-Ⅳtransformation is determined to be 5.1±0.9 ns according to a classical nucleation *** observation demonstrates the importance of the formation of the transient metastable phases,which can change the phase transformation pathway in a dynamic process.

关键词： phase transformation time-resolved x-ray diffraction(XRD) bismuth metastable phase nonequilibrium phase diagram

Autonomous Adaptive Agent with Intrinsic Motivation for Sustainable HAI

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Journal of Intelligent Learning Systems and Applications 2010年第4期2卷 167-178页

作者： Takayuki nozawa Toshiyuki Kondo Institute of Development Aging and Cancer Tohoku University Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

For most applications of human-agent interaction (HAI) research, maintaining the user’s interest and continuation of interaction are the issues of primary importance. To achieve sustainable HAI, we proposed a new model of intrinsically motivated adaptive agent, which learns about the human partner and behaves to satisfy its intrinsic motivation. Simulation of interaction with several types of other agents demonstrated how the model seeks new relationships with the partner and avoids situations which are not learnable. To investigate effectiveness of the model, we conducted a comparative HAI experiment with a simple interaction setting. The results showed that the model was effective in inducing subjective impressions of higher enjoyability, charm, and sustainability. Information theoretic analysis of the interaction suggested that a balanced information transfer between the agent and human partner would be important. The participants’ brain activity measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) indicated higher variability of activity at the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during the interaction with the proposed agent. These results suggest that the intrinsically motivated adaptive agent successfully maintained the participants’ interest, by affecting their attention level.

关键词： Human-Agent Interaction (HAI) Intrinsic Motivation Reinforcement Learning Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (Fnirs)

Systematic review of laparoscopic vs open surgery for colorectal cancer in elderly patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第7期8卷 573-582页

作者： Shoichi Fujii Mitsuo Tsukamoto Yoshihisa Fukushima Ryu Shimada Koichi Okamoto Takeshi Tsuchiya Keijiro nozawa Keiji Matsuda Yojiro Hashiguchi Department of Surgery Teikyo University School of Medicine

AIM: To verify the safety and validity of laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of colorectal cancer in elderly ***: A meta-analysis was performed of a systematic search of studies on an electronic database. Studies that compared laparoscopic colectomy(LAC) in elderly colorectal cancer patients with open colectomy(OC) were retrieved, and their short and long-term outcomes compared. Elderly people were defined as 65 years old or more. Inclusion criteria were set at: Resection of colorectal cancer, comparison between laparoscopic and OC and no significant difference in backgrounds between ***: Fifteen studies were identified for analysis. LAC was performed on 1436 patients, and OC performed on 1810 patients. In analyses of short-term outcomes, operation time for LAC was longer than for OC(mean difference = 34.4162, 95%CI: 17.8473-50.9851, P < 0.0001). The following clinical parameters were lower in LAC than in OC: Amount of estimated blood loss(mean difference =-93.3738, 95%CI:-132.3437 to-54.4039, P < 0.0001), overall morbidity(OR = 0.5427, 95%CI: 0.4425-0.6655, P < 0.0001), incisional surgical site infection(OR = 0.6262, 95%CI: 0.4310-0.9097, P = 0.0140), bowel obstruction and ileus(OR = 0.6248, 95%CI: 0.4519-0.8638, P = 0.0044) and cardiovascular complications(OR = 0.4767, 95%CI: 0.2805-0.8101, P = 0.0062). In analyses of long-term outcomes(median follow-up period: 36.4 mo in LAC, 34.3 mo in OC), there was no significant difference in overall survival(mean difference = 0.8321, 95%CI: 0.5331-1.2990, P = 0.4187) and disease specific survival(mean difference = 1.0254, 95%CI: 0.6707-1.5675, P = 0.9209). There was also no significant difference in the number of dissected lymph nodes(mean difference =-0.1360, 95%CI:-4.0553-3.7833, P = 0.9458).CONCLUSION: LAC in elderly colorectal cancer patients had benefits in short-term outcomes compared with OC except operation time. The long-term outcomes and oncological clearance of LAC were similar to that

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Systematic review Meta-analysis Colorectal cancer Elderly patient

Potential sex differences in activation of pain-related brain regions in nonhuman primates with a unilateral spinal nerve ligation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2466-2473页

作者： Kanae Murata Kenya nozawa Mayumi Matsushita Aozora Yamashita Rintaro Fujii Yuji Awaga Aldric Hama Takahiro Natsume Go Yoshida Yukihiro Matsuyama Hiroyuki Takamatsu Hamamatsu Pharma Research Inc.HamamatsuShizuokaJapan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Hamamatsu University School of MedicineHamamatsuShizuokaJapan

The lack of truly robust analgesics for chronic pain is owed,in part,to the lack of an animal model that reflects the clinical pain state and of a mechanismbased,objective neurological indicator of *** present study examined stimulus-evo ked brain activation with functional magnetic resonance imaging in male and female cynomolgus macaques following unilateral L7 spinal nerve ligation and the effects of clinical analgesics pregabalin,duloxetine,and morphine on brain activation in these macaques.A modified straight leg raise test was used to assess pain severity in awake animals and to evo ke regional brain activation in anesthetized *** potential effects of clinical analgesics on both awake pain behavior and regional brain activation were *** spinal nerve ligation,both male and female macaques showed significantly decreased ipsilateral straight leg raise thresholds,suggesting the presence of radicula rlike *** treatment increased straight leg raise thresholds in both males and females whereas duloxetine and pregabalin did *** male macaques,the ipsilateral straight leg raise activated contralateral insular and somatosensory cortex(Ins/SII),and *** female macaques,the ipsilateral leg raise activated cingulate cortex and contralateral insular and somatosensory *** leg raises of the contralateral,unligated leg did not evoke brain *** reduced activation in all brain regions in both male and female *** males,neither pregabalin nor duloxetine decreased brain activation compared with vehicle *** females,however,pregabalin and duloxetine decreased the activation of cingulate cortex compared with vehicle *** current findings suggest a diffe rential activation of brain areas depending on sex following a peripheral nerve *** rential brain activation observed in this study could underlie qualitative sexual dimorphism in clinical chronic pain perception and responses to

关键词： biomarkers functional magnetic resonance imaging lumbar radicular pain Macaca fascicularis neuroimaging neuropathic pain sciatica straight leg raise

Hepatitis B virus infection in Indonesia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第38期21卷 10714-10720页

作者： Shoji Kubo Shigekazu Takemura Shogo Tanaka Hiroji Shinkawa Takayoshi Nishioka Akinori nozawa Masahiko Kinoshita Genya Hamano Tokuji Ito Yorihisa Urata Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine

Approximately 240 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus(HBV),75% of whom reside in Asia. Approximately 600000 of infected patients die each year due to HBV-related diseases or hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). The endemicity of hepatitis surface antigen in Indonesia is intermediate to high with a geographical difference. The risk of HBV infection is high in hemodialysis(HD) patients,men having sex with men,and health care workers. Occult HBV infection has been detected in various groups such as blood donors,HD patients,and HIVinfected individuals and children. The most common HBV subgenotype in Indonesia is B3 followed by C1. Various novel subgenotypes of HBV have been identified throughout Indonesia,with the novel HBV subgenotypes C6-C16 and D6 being successfully isolated. Although a number of HBV subgenotypes have been discovered in Indonesia,genotyperelated pathogenicity has not yet been elucidated in detail. Therefore,genotype-related differences in the prognosis of liver disease and their effects on treatments need to be determined. A previous study conducted in Indonesia revealed that hepatic steatosis was associated with disease progression. Pre-S2 mutations and mutations at C1638 T and T1753 V in HBV/B3 have been associated with advanced liver diseases including HCC. However,drug resistance to lamivudine,which is prominent in Indonesia,remains obscure. Although the number of studies on HBV in Indonesia has been increasing,adequate databases on HBV infection are limited. We herein provided an overview of the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of HBV infection in Indonesia.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Epidemiology Prevention Clinical

Analyzing Cavitation Caused by Metal Particles in the Transaxle： Application of High Quality Assurance CAE Analysis Model

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2012年第12期6卷 2054-2062页

作者： Yasuaki nozawa Ryosuke Yamashita Kakuro Amasaka School of Science and Engineering Aoyama Gakuin University Kanagawa-ken 252-5258 Japan

This paper focuses on a strategic improving quality of＂high quality assurance CAE （computer aided engineering） analysis model＂ to be used in development design. The authors present a case oftransaxle oil seal leakage in automotive drive trains, a technical reliability problem that generates bottlenecks for auto manufacturers around the world. The application of this model is used to analyze cavitation caused by the metal particles （foreign matter） generated through transaxle wear. This analyzing method primarily uses numerical simulation （CAE） to clarify the technological mechanism generating oil leaks as a result of foreign metallic substances entering oil seals in the drive train. Quality improvement using this CAE analyzing method was verified by successfully applying it to the technological problem of development design bottlenecks at auto manufacturers.

关键词： Precision CAE analysis oil seal leaks design optimization for quality assurance.