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Design and strategy for manufacturing kidney organoids

Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2020年第1期3卷 7-14页

作者： masaki nishikawa Yasuyuki Sakai Norimoto Yanagawa Department of Chemical System Engineering School of EngineeringUniversity of TokyoRm.5A01Engineering Bldg.3Hongo 7‑3‑1BunkyoTokyo 113‑8656Japan Medical and Research Services Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System at SepulvedaNorth HillsCAUSA David Geffen School of Medicine University of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Despite a continuing increase in the number of patients suffering from chronic kidney disease,currently available treatments for these patients,such as dialysis and kidney transplantation,are *** kidney is also a critical target organ vulnerable to the toxicity of various new drugs,and the lack of a reliable in vitro culture model imposes a severe limitation on drug *** the development of induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)revolutionized strategies in biomedical fields,the complexity of the kidney imposed additional challenge to the application of this technology in kidney ***,the recent advancement in our understanding on the developmental origin of kidney progenitor cells and the mechanisms of their reciprocal induction and self-organization has boosted research in kidney *** since then has demonstrated that kidney organoids derived from iPSCs can serve as a useful model for drug discovery and toxicity screening,as well as for disease modeling,especially in combination with gene editing ***,attempts at kidney organoid implantation in animals have suggested their potential as an alternative source of kidney *** this review,we summarize recent progress on the generation of kidney organoids,as well as the obstacles that remain.

关键词： Kidney organoid Kidney development iPSC Progenitor cell Self-organization Regenerative medicine

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An Algorithm of Hybrid Type Shakedown Analysis

An Algorithm of Hybrid Type Shakedown Analysis

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The Sixth World Congress on Computational Mechanics in Conjunction with the Second Asian-Pacific Congress on Computational Mechanics

作者： Shun-ichi Kobayashi masaki nishikawa Department of Civil and Earth Resources Eng. Kyoto University Sakyo Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Department of Civil and Earth Resources Eng. Kyoto University Sakyo Kyoto 606-8501 Japan

In spite of the developments of evolutional (time stepping) elasto -plastic analysis, shakedown analysis, recognized as a special and general case of limit analysis, is sometimes utilized to estimated safety factors for repeated loads because of its time and cost efficiency. From a mathematical point of view, shakedown analysis belongs to convex programming. As a consequence of this, both static shakedown analyses based on Melan's theorem and kinematic shakedown analysis b ased on Koiter's theorem, are dual to each other. These preferable features can be utilized for hybrid type shakedown analysis which deals with both static and kinematic variables simultaneously.

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Association between the Consumption of Carbonated Beverages and Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests of Cardiac Origin in Japan

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2015年第12期5卷 361-372页

作者： masaki Tokunaga Yasunori Suematsu Shin-ichiro Miura Takashi Kuwano Atsushi Iwata Hiroaki nishikawa Bo Zhang Naohiro Yonemoto Hiroshi Nonogi Ken Nagao Takeshi Kimura Keijiro Saku Department of Cardiology Fukuoka University School of Medicine Fukuoka Japan The AIG Collaborative Research Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Department of Biochemistry Fukuoka University School of Medicine Fukuoka Japan Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan Hospital Deputy Shizuoka General Hospital Shizuoka Japan Department of Cardiology Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Surugadai Nihon University Hospital Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan

Background: The consumption of carbonated beverages has been shown to increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome. The associations between the consumption of carbonated beverages and left arterial dimension or left ventricular mass are believed to be likely related to the greater body weight of carbonated beverage drinkers relative to non-drinkers. Nonetheless, little is known about the association between the consumption of carbonated beverages and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) in Japan. Methods: We compared the age-adjusted incidence of OHCAs to the expenditures on various beverages per person between 2005 and 2011 in the 47 prefectures of Japan. Patients who suffered from OHCAs of cardiac and non-cardiac origin were enrolled in All-Japan Utstein Registry of the Fire and Disaster Management Agency. The expenditures on various beverages per person in the 47 prefectures in Japan were obtained from data published by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. Results: There were 797,422 cases of OHCA in the All-Japan Utstein registry between 2005 and 2011, including 11,831 cases who did not receive resuscitation. Among these 785,591 cases of OHCA, 435,064 (55.4%) were classified as cardiac origin and 350,527 (44.6%) were non-cardiac origin. Non-cardiac origin included cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease, malignant tumor, and exogenous disease (4.8%, 6.1%, 3.5%, and 18.9%, respectively). The expenditures on carbonated beverages were significantly associated with OHCAs of cardiac origin (r = 0.30, p = 0.04), but not non-cardiac origin (r = -0.03, p = 0.8). Expenditures on other beverages, including green tea, tea, coffee, cocoa, fruit or vegetable juice, fermented milk beverage, milk beverage, and mineral water, were not significantly associated with OHCAs of cardiac origin. Conclusion: Carbonated beverage consumption was significantly and positively associated with OHCAs of cardiac origin in Japan, indicating that beverage habits mi

关键词： Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Utstein Registry Carbonated Beverage Ecological Study

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A Novel Innovative Sleeping Mattress Could Possibly Save Lives and the National Economy: Small but Solid Evidence from a Medical Perspective

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Health 2020年第7期12卷 811-827页

作者： masaki Omura Nobuhiro Suetake Kenichi Itao Takuji Yamaguchi Ailing Hu Hiroyuki Kobayashi Department of Hospital Administration Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan WINFrontier Co. Ltd. Tokyo Japan Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan

The RAND Corporation reported that insufficient sleep causes an economic loss of $138 billion (2.92% of GDP) in Japan every year. In this study, we investigated the sleep improvement effect of a novel innovative sleeping mattress called “AiR SI” (nishikawa Co., Ltd.) to find a simple method to solve the problem of sleep deprivation. We conducted a 2-week randomized, open-label, crossover, self-controlled study in 14 healthy adults in their 30s to 50s (control: 1 week, AiR SI: 1 week), with sleep quality as the primary endpoint as well as salivary components (cortisol, melatonin) and autonomic nervous function (sympathetic nerve, parasympathetic nerve) as secondary endpoints. Trends toward improvement in sleep were suggested for all the endpoints, regardless of differences in the subject background. The results suggested that the use of AiR SI for 1 week not only improved sleep but normalized both the endocrine and autonomic functions as well. We conclude that, by using a sleeping mattress with a high sleep improvement effect, the user may easily achieve higher labor productivity and have a lower mortality risk. Eliminating sleep deprivation with a sleeping mattress may lead to a reduction in national economic losses and ultimately produce significant economic effects.

关键词： Sleeping Mattress Sleep Deprivation Mortality Risk Autonomic Nervous System Medical Economy

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