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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 413-422页

作者： Ichiro Tamaki Yae yamada Gifu Academy of Forest Science and Culture 88 SodaiMinoGifu 501-3714Japan

Aims In a contact zone between related taxa,phenotypic variation can result from genetic and/or environmental *** study aimed to clarify the cause of phenotypic variation in leaf morphology of two Quercus crispula varieties—crispula(QCC)and mongolicoides(QCM)—in their contact zone along an altitudinal *** We measured 6 morphological traits of leaves and recorded genotypes of 13 nuclear microsatellite loci for 48 individuals in the contact zone and 24 individuals in each of the reference populations of QCC and *** constructed a model explaining the phenotypic variation(leaf morphology)in relation to environmental(altitude)and genetic(ancestry from the reference population)*** Findings Both morphological and genetic markers distinguished the two varieties in the reference populations *** were able to confirm the power of both morphological and genetic *** within the contact zone population had intermediate ancestry that was slightly biased to QCM ancestry,and the distribution of their morphologies overlapped with those of the two varieties in the reference *** effect of altitude on leaf morphological traits was significant,while that of ancestry was *** of ancestry and interclass heterozygosity in the contact zone population resembled those in F2 or later generation *** results indicate that in the contact zone between QCC and QCM,there is no ongoing hybridization,but environmental pressure has created an altitudinal gradient in morphological traits through phenotypic plasticity and/or variation in functional genes.

关键词： Quercus crispula Quercus mongolica leaf morphologies microsatellites hybrid zone

Multiple subcellular localizations and functions of protein kinase Cδ in liver cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第2期28卷 188-198页

作者： Kohji yamada Kiyotsugu Yoshida Department of Biochemistry The Jikei University School of MedicineTokyo 105-8461Japan

Protein kinase Cδ(PKCδ)is a member of the PKC family,and its implications have been reported in various biological and cancerous processes,including cell proliferation,cell death,tumor suppression,and tumor *** liver cancer cells,accumulating reports show the bi-functional regulation of PKCδin cell death and ***δfunction is defined by various factors,such as phosphorylation,catalytic domain cleavage,and subcellular ***δhas multiple intracellular distribution patterns,ranging from the cytosol to the *** recently found a unique extracellular localization of PKCδin liver cancer and its growth factor-like function in liver cancer *** this review,we first discuss the structural features of PKCδand then focus on the functional diversity of PKCδbased on its subcellular localization,such as the nucleus,cell surface,and extracellular *** findings improve our knowledge of PKCδinvolvement in the progression of liver cancer.

关键词： Protein kinase Cδ Liver cancer Subcellular localization Tumor suppression Tumor progression

A novel approach in preventing vascular leakage and angiogenesis in wet age-related macular degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第8期17卷 1751-1752页

作者： Kaori H.yamada Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine Department of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesUniversity of Illinois College of MedicineChicagoILUSA

Vascular leakage and angiogenesis in diseases:The vascular system carries blood throughout the body to supply oxygen and nutrients to tissues and remove waste from *** of the vascular system worsens many *** this perspective,vascular function in blinding eye diseases,current therapies,and our developing approach will be *** blood vessels are composed of the monolayer of the endothelial cells,and the outer layer made by pericytes and smooth muscle cells provide structural support and shape to the *** monolayers function as a *** barrier function of endothelial monolayers controls plasma protein uptake and the infiltration of immune cells by regulating adherence of cell-cell *** leakage causes unwanted plasma leak,accumulation of immune cells,and tissue inflammation.

关键词： degeneration approach remove

Increased tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 expression in human colorectal adenomas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第38期18卷 5360-5368页

作者： Kunihiro Hosono Eiji yamada Hiroki Endo Hirokazu Takahashi masahiko Inamori Yoshitaka Hippo Hitoshi Nakagama Atsushi Nakajima Division of Gas-troenterology Yokohama City University School of Medicine Yokohama 2360004 Japan Division of Cancer Development System National Cancer Center Research Institute Tokyo 1040045 Japan

AIM: To determine the expression statuses of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, its receptors (TNF-R) and downstream effector molecules in human colorectal adenomas. METHODS: We measured the serum concentrations of TNF-α and its receptors in 62 colorectal adenoma patients and 34 healthy controls. The protein expression of TNF-α, TNF-R1, TNF-R2 and downstream signals of the TNF receptors, such as c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), nuclear factor-κ B and caspase-3, were also investigated in human colorectal adenomas and in normal colorectal mucosal tissues by immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence confocal microscopy was used to investigate the consistency of expression of TNF-R1 and phospho-JNK (p-JNK). RESULTS: The serum levels of soluble TNF-R1 (sTNF-R1) in adenoma patients were significantly higher than in the control group (3.67 ± 0.86 ng/mL vs 1.57 ± 0.72 ng/mL, P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed the high diagnostic sensitivity of TNF-R1 measurements (AUC was 0.928) for the diagnosis of adenoma, and the best cut-off level of TNF-R1 was 2.08 ng/mL, with a sensitivity of 93.4% and a specificity of 82.4%. There were no significant differences in the serum levels of TNF-α or sTNF-R2 between the two groups. Immunohistochemistry showed high levels of TNF-R1 and p-JNK expression in the epithelial cells of adenomas. Furthermore, a high incidence of co-localization of TNF-R1 and p-JNK was identified in adenoma tissue. CONCLUSION: TNF-R1 may be a promising biomarker of colorectal adenoma, and it may also play an important role in the very early stages of colorectal carcinogenesis.

关键词： Tumor necrosis factor-α Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 c-Jun N-terminal kinase Colorectal adenoma Biomarker

Self-/conspecific discrimination and superparasitism strategy in the ovicidal parasitoid Echthrodelphax fairchildii （Hymenoptera： Dryinidae）

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Insect Science 2014年第6期21卷 741-749页

作者： Emi Ito Yoshihiro Y. yamada Insect Ecology Laboratory Graduate School of Bioresources Mie University Tsu Mie Japan

Superparasitism in solitary parasitoids results in fatal competition between the immature parasitoids, and consequently only one individual can emerge. In the semisoli- tary ovicidal parasitoid Echthrodelphaxfairchildii （Hymenoptera： Dryinidae）, 2 adults can emerge under superparasitism with a short interval （〈24 h） between the first and second ovipositions. We determined the female parasitoid＇s behavioral responses under self- and conspecific superparasitism bouts with first-to-second oviposition intervals of 〈2 h. The self- and conspecific superparasitizing frequencies increased up to an oviposition interval of 0.75 h, with the former remaining lower than the latter, particularly for oviposition intervals of _〈0.25 h, suggesting the existence of self-/conspecific discrimination. The superparasitizing frequency plateaued for oviposition intervals of _〉0.75 h, with no dif- ference between self- and conspecific superparasitism. The ovicidal-probing frequency did not differ under self- and conspecific superparasitism, and was usually 〈20%. The females exhibited no preference for the oviposition side （i.e., ovipositing on the side with or without the first progeny） and almost always laid female eggs for any oviposition in- terval under self- and conspecific superparasitism. The sex ratio was not affected by the type of superparasitism, oviposition sides, or the occurrence of ovicidal probing. These observed results about the oviposition side, ovicidal probing, and sex ratios differed from the predictions obtained assuming that the females behave optimally. Possible reasons for the discrepancies are discussed： likely candidates include the high cost of selecting oviposition sides and ovicidal probing, and, for the sex ratio, the low frequency of encountering suitable hosts before superparasitism bouts.

关键词： infanticide ovicide plant hopper self-recognition sex ratio

Improvement of aerodynamic stability of suspension bridges with H-shaped simplified stiffening girder

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016年第1期10卷 93-102页

作者： Hiroshi KATSUCHI Hitoshi yamada Mayuko NISHIO Yoko OKAZAKI Department of Civil Engineering Yokohama National University Yokohama 240-8501 Japan

Wind-tunnel study on the improvement of aerodynamic stability of simplified suspension-bridge girder structures was conducted with using a 1/40-scaled section model. Objective of the study is the development of an economically superior suspension bridge with 500-1,000 m center span length. The wind-tunnel test showed that an edge-girder type cross section exhibited large amplitude torsional vortex-induced vibration as well as torsional flutter at a low wind speed. Accordingly, aerodynamic countermeasures of open grating deck and triangular fating, and structural countermeasures of center stay, diagonal bracing and mass increase were tried to improve the aerodynamic stability. Finally, feasibility of the best combination to a full-scale bridge was examined by structural analysis.

关键词： suspension bridge aerodynamics simplified girder wind-tunnel test

Choroidal and cutaneous metastasis from gastric adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第9期19卷 1485-1488页

作者： Shoichiro Kawai Tsutomu Nishida Yoshito Hayashi Hisao Ezaki Takuya yamada Shinichiro Shinzaki Masanori Miyazaki Kei Nakai Takayuki Yakushijin Kenji Watabe Hideki Iijima masahiko Tsujii Kohji Nishida Tetsuo Takehara Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka 565-0871 Japan Department of Ophthalmology Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka 565-0871 Japan

Choroidal or cutaneous metastasis of gastric cancer is rare. Gastrointestinal cancer was found in only 4% in patients with uveal metastasis. Choroidal metastasis from gastric cancer was reported in two cases in earlier literature. The frequency of gastric cancer as a primary lesion was 6% in cutaneous metastasis of men, and cutaneous metastasis occurs in 0.8% of all gastric cancers. We report a patient with gastric adenocarcinoma who presented with visual disorder in his left eye and skin pain on his head as his initial symptoms. These symptoms were diagnosed to be caused by choroidal and cutaneous metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma. Two cycles of chemotherapy consisted of oral S-1 and intravenous cisplatin (SPIRITS regimen); this was markedly effective to reduce the primary gastric lesion and almost all the metastatic lesions.

关键词： Stomach neoplasms Neoplasm metastasis Choroid neoplasms Skin neoplasms

Application of Simple Adaptive Control to Water Hydraulic Servo Cylinder System

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2012年第5期25卷 882-888页

作者： ITO Kazuhisa yamada Tsuyoshi IKEO Shigeru TAKAHASHI Koji College of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Saitama 3378570 Japan Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering Tottori UniversityTottori 6808552 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Sophia UniversityTokyo 1028554 Japan

Although conventional model reference adaptive control （MRAC） achieves good tracking performance for cylinder control, the controller structure is much more complicated and has less robustness to disturbance in real applications. This paper discusses the use of simple adaptive control （SAC） for positioning a water hydraulic servo cylinder system. Compared with MRAC, SAC has a simpler and lower order structure, i.e., higher feasibility. The control performance of SAC is examined and evaluated on a water hydraulic servo cylinder system. With the recent increased concerns over global environmental problems, the water hydraulic technique using pure tap water as a pressure medium has become a new drive source comparable to electric, oil hydraulic, and pneumatic drive systems. This technique is also preferred because of its high power density, high safety against fire hazards in production plants, and easy availability. However, the main problems for precise control in a water hydraulic system are steady state errors and overshoot due to its large friction torque and considerable leakage flow. MRAC has been already applied to compensate for these effects, and better control performances have been obtained. However, there have been no reports on the application of SAC for water hydraulics. To make clear the merits of SAC, the tracking control performance and robustness are discussed based on experimental results. SAC is confirmed to give better tracking performance compared with PI control, and a control precision comparable to MRAC （within 10 μm of the reference position） and higher robustness to parameter change, despite the simple controller. The research results ensure a wider application of simple adaptive control in real mechanical systems.

关键词： water hydraulics servo cylinder system positioning control simple adaptive control

An effective scatter correction method based on single scatter simulation for a 3D whole-body PET scanner

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第7期18卷 3066-3072页

作者：高飞 yamada Ryoko Watanabe Mitsuo 刘华锋 State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation Zhejiang University Central Research Laboratory Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.

Hamamatsu SHR74000 is a newly designed full three-dimensional （3D） whole body positron emission tomography （PET） scanner with small crystal size and large field of view （FOV）.With the improvement of sensitivity,the scatter events increase significantly at the same time,especially for large *** Carlo simulations help us to understand the scatter phenomena and provide good references for scatter correction. In this paper,we introduce an effective scatter correction method based on single scatter simulation for the new PET scanner,which accounts for the full 3D scatter *** the results from Monte Carlo simulations,we implement a new scale method with special concentration on scatter events from outside the axial FOV and multiple scatter *** effects of scatter correction are investigated and evaluated by phantom experiments;the results show good improvements in quantitative accuracy and contrast of the images,even for large objects.

关键词： positron emission tomography scatter correction single scatter simulation Monte Carlo

Salvage brachytherapy for locally recurrent prostate cancer after external beam radiotherapy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第6期17卷 899-903页

作者： Yasuhiro yamada Koji Okihara Tsuyoshi Iwata Koji Masui Kazumi Kamoi Kei yamada Tsuneharu Miki Department of Urology Kyoto Prefectural Universityof Medicine Kyoto Japan Department of Radiology Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine KyotoJapan

External beam radiotherapy （EBRT） is a standard treatment for prostate cancer. Despite the development of novel radiotherapy techniques such as intensity-modulated conformal radiotherapy, the risk of local recurrence after EBRT has not been obviated. Various local treatment options （including salvage prostatectomy, brachytherapy, cryotherapy, and high-intensity focused ultrasound [HIFU]） have been employed in cases of local recurrence after primary EBRT. Brachytherapy is the first-line treatment for low-risk and selected intermediate-risk prostate tumors. However, few studies have examined the use of brachytherapy to treat post-EBRT recurrent prostate cancer. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current state of our knowledge about the effects of salvage brachytherapy in patients who develop locally recurrent prostate cancer after primary EBRT. This article also introduces our novel permanent brachytherapy salvage method.

关键词： Salvage brachytherapy radiotherapy