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Superconducting joints using reacted multifilament MgB_(2)wires:A technology toward cryogen-free MRI magnets

Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 159-170页

作者： Dipak Patel Akiyoshi Matsumoto Hiroaki Kumakura Yuka hara Toru hara Minoru Maeda Hao Liang Yusuke Yamauchi Seyong Choi Jung Ho Kim Md Shahriar A.Hossain School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland 4072Australia National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS) 1-2-1 SengenTsukubaIbaraki 305-0047Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Kangwon High Magnetic Field Center Institute of Quantum Convergence TechnologyKangwon National UniversityGangwon 24341Republic of Korea Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology(AIBN) The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland 4072Australia Department of Materials Process Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya UniversityNagoyaAichi 464-8603Japan Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute for Innovative MaterialsUniversity of WollongongNorth WollongongNew South Wales 2500Australia

The development of superconducting joining technology for reacted magnesium diboride(MgB_(2))conductors remains a critical challenge for the advancement of cryogen-free MgB_(2)-based magnets for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Herein,the fabrication of superconducting joints using reacted carbon-doped multifilament MgB_(2)wires for MRI magnets is *** achieve successful superconducting joints,the powder-in-mold method was employed,which involved tuning the filament protection mechanism,the powder compaction pressure,and the heat treatment *** fabricated joints demonstrated clear superconducting-to-normal transitions in self-field,with effective magnetic field screening up to 0.5 T at 20 *** evaluate the interface between one of the MgB_(2)filaments and the MgB_(2)bulk within the joint,serial sectioning was conducted for the first time in this type of superconducting *** serial sectioning revealed space formation at the interface,potentially caused by the volume shrinkage associated with the MgB_(2)formation or the combined effect of the volume shrinkage and the different thermal expansion coefficients of the MgB_(2)bulk,the filament,the mold,and the sealing *** findings are expected to be pivotal in developing MgB_(2)superconducting joining technology for MRI magnet applications through interface engineering.

关键词： Mg B2 superconducting joint MgB_(2)conductor MRI applications Cryogen-free magnet Persistent-mode operation

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Surface Force Analysis of Pyrite (FeS₂): Its Reactivity to Amino Acid Adsorption

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2016年第7期6卷 167-176页

作者： Narangerel Ganbaatar Nina Matsuzaki Yuya Nakazawa Rehana Afrin Masashi Aono Taka-aki Yano Tomohiro Hayashi masahiko hara Chemical Evolution Lab Unit Earth-Life Science Institute (ELSI) Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan Department of Electronic Chemistry Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan Global Research Cluster RIKEN Saitama Japan

It is well known that mineral surfaces play an important role as catalysts for abiotic polymerization of amino acids to form peptides, which are the main components of the first self-replicating system. Understanding the mechanism behind the adsorption of simple amino acids on mineral surfaces is a topic of great interest not only in field of prebiotic evolution and but also in many other branches of material sciences. Various clay minerals have been suggested for studying how organic molecules were first synthesized in a prebiotic “inorganic” environment. Among them, pyrite (FeS2) is one of the most potential minerals as it possesses a highly reactive surface to drive molecular adsorption in prebiotic chemistry reactions. Recent theoretical experiments suggest that amino acids are adsorbed on the pyrite surface depending on its surface structures. However, these results have not been tested experimentally, and the exact mechanism of the specific interactions on this mineral has not been fully resolved yet at the molecular level. In this work, through quantitative force analysis with atomic force microscope (AFM) in which a single amino acid residue was mounted on the tip apex of AFM probe, we were able to find the reaction sites and study the interaction forces between the amino acid and the pyrite surface. Our results of Raman spectroscopic studies and force measurements with a well-designed AFM probe demonstrated for the first time that pyrite provided higher adsorption probabilities of amino acid residues for the chemical reactions at surfaces.

关键词： Pyrite Mineral-Organic Interface Atomic Force Microscopy Amino Acid Adsorption

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Proposal of a Method to Easily Understand Rainfall Infiltration in Railway Embankments

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2024年第6期18卷 261-268页

作者： Takashi Nakayama Tadashi hara Keigo Koizumi C.S.Inspector Co. Ltd.2-7-2 Nambanaka Naniwa-Ku Osaka-ShiOsaka-Fu 556-0011Japan Research and Education Faculty Kochi University2-5-1 Akebonocho Kochi-ShiKochi-Ken 780-8072Japan Earth Watch Institute Inc.8-10 Toyotsucho Suita-ShiOsaka-Fu 564-0051Japan

Slope failures due to heavy or prolonged rain have been occurring frequently in Japan in recent *** railway embankments,even small-scale surface collapse can result in track ***,train operation during rainy periods is regulated according to empirical rules based on rainfall and disaster ***,the validity of operation regulations is lacking because the rainfall infiltration circumstances inside the slope are *** have been attempting to understand rainfall infiltration in railway embankments by applying a method of predicting surface collapse from observations of volumetric water content in the *** used previous field monitoring and model experiments to propose a method for easily understanding the state of rainfall infiltration in the surface layer of an embankment using the relative history of volumetric water content at different *** this study,we applied this simple determination method to railway embankments with different topography and geological environments to demonstrate the versatility of the method.

关键词： Railway embankments field monitoring volumetric water content

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SYNTHESES AND PROPERTIES OF POLYMERIZABLE METALLOPHTHALOCYANINE DERIVATIVES

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 1988年第4期6卷 289-298页

作者：刘云圻山田瑛重原淳孝原正彦 Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research Wako Saitama 351—01 Japan Saitama 351—01 Japan Beijing China

Metallophthalocyanine derivatives with polymerizable vinyl groups were synthesized, characterized and polymerized. Preliminary results on their Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film formation and the electronic properties of (I... 详细信息

关键词： Metallophthalocyanine Vinyl monomer Langmuir-Blodgett film Schottky device

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Helicobacter pylori:High dose amoxicillin does not improve primary or secondary eradication rates in an Irish cohort

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第16期12卷 2773-2779页

作者： Conor Costigan Aoife M O'Sullivan Jim O'Connell Shreyashee Sengupta Thomas Butler Stephen Molloy Fintan John O'hara Barbara Ryan Niall Breslin Sarah O'Donnell Anthony O'Connor Sinead Smith Deirdre McNamara Trinity Academic Gastroenterology Group School of Medicine-Trinity College DublinDublin D2Ireland Department of Gastroenterology Tallaght University HospitalDublin D24 NR0AIreland

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)eradication rates have fallen globally,likely in large part due to increasing antibiotic resistance to traditional *** areas of high clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance such as ours,Maastricht VI guidelines suggest high dose amoxicillin dual therapy(HDADT)can be considered,subject to evidence for local *** this study we assess efficacy of HDADT therapy for *** eradication in an Irish *** To assess the efficacy of HDADT therapy for *** eradication in an Irish cohort as both first line,and subsequent therapy for patients diagnosed with *** All patients testing positive for *** in a tertiary centre were treated prospectively with HDADT(amoxicillin 1 g tid and esomeprazole 40 mg bid×14 d)over a period of 8 *** was confirmed with Urea Breath Test at least 4 wk after cessation of therapy.A delta-over-baseline>4%was considered *** demographics and treatment outcomes were recorded,analysed and controlled for basic demographics and prior *** *** One hundred and ninety-eight patients were identified with *** infection,10 patients were excluded due to penicillin allergy and 38 patients refused follow up *** all 139 were included in the analysis,55%(n=76)were female,mean age was 46.6 ***,93(67%)of patients were treatment-naïve and 46(33%)had received at least one previous course of *** groups were statistically ***-reported compliance with HDADT was 97%,mild side-effects occurred in 7%.There were no serious adverse drug *** the eradication rate for our cohort was 56%(78/139).Eradication rates were worse for those with previous treatment[43%(20/46)vs 62%(58/93),P=0.0458,odds ratio=2.15].Age and Gender had no effect on eradication *** Overall eradication rates with HDADT were *** being a simple and possibly better tolerated regime,these results do not

关键词： Helicobacter pylori eradication Helicobacter pylori High dose amoxicillin High dose amoxicillin dual therapy Triple therapy

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Magnetohydrodynamic‑based Internal Cooling System for a Ceramic Cutting Tool:Concept Design,Numerical Study,and Experimental Evalidation

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2023年第4期6卷 60-80页

作者： John O’hara Fengzhou Fang Center of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology(MNMT-Dublin) University College DublinDublin 4Ireland State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments Laboratory of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology(MNMT)Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

The efective removal of the heat generated during mechanical cutting processes is crucial to enhancing tool life and produc-ing workpieces with superior surface *** internal cooling systems used in cutting inserts employ a liquid water-based solvent as the primary medium to transport the excess thermal energy generated during the cutting *** limitations of this approach are the low thermal conductivity of water and the need for a mechanical input to circulate the coolant around the inner chamber of the cutting *** this context,this paper proposes an alternative method in which liquid gallium is used as the coolant in combination with a magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)pump,which avoids the need for an external power *** computational fuid dynamics,we created a numerical model of an internal cooling system and then solved it under conditions in which a magnetic feld was applied to the liquid *** was followed by a simulation study performed to evaluate the efectiveness of liquid gallium over liquid *** results of experiments conducted under non-cooling and liquid gallium cooling conditions were analyzed and compared in terms of the tool wear *** results showed that after six machining cycles at a cutting speed Vc=250 m min−1,the corner wear VBc rate was 75µm with the coolant of and 48µm with the MHD-based coolant on,representing a decrease of 36%in tool *** Vc=900 m min−1,the corner wear VBc rate was 75µm with the coolant of and 246µm with the MHD-based coolant on,representing a decrease of 31%in tool *** external cooling using liquid water was added,the results showed at Vc=250 m min−1,the diference between the tool wear rate reduction with the internal liquid gallium coolant relative to the external coolant was 29%.When the cutting speed was increased to Vc=900 m min−1,the diference observed between the internal liquid gallium coolant relative to the external coolant was 16%.The study proves the feasibility of using liqu

关键词： Internal cooling Heat transfer Liquid metal Magnetic feld Cutting tool

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Effect of FeO concentration in sinter iron ore on reduction behavior in a hydrogen-enriched blast furnace

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第10期29卷 1820-1829页

作者： Ko-ichiro Ohno Takayuki Maeda Kazuya Kunitomo Masashi hara Department of Materials Faculty of EngineeringKyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka 819-0395Japan Kashima Area East Nippon WorksNippon Steel Corporation3 HikariKashima CityIbaraki 314-0014Japan

Japan started the national project“COURSE 50”for CO_(2) reduction in the *** project aimed to establish novel technologies to reduce CO_(2) emissions with partially utilization of hydrogen in blast furnace-based ironmaking by 30%by around 2030 and use it for practical applications by *** idea is that instead of coke,hydrogen is used as the reducing agent,leading to lower fossil fuel consumption in the *** has been reported that the reduction behavior of hematite,magnetite,calcium ferrite,and slag in the sinter is different,and it is also considerably influenced by the sinter *** study aimed to investigate the reduction behavior of sinters in hydrogen enriched blast furnace with different mineral morphologies in CO-CO_(2)-H2 mixed *** an experimental sample,two sinter samples with significantly different hematite and magnetite ratios were prepared to compare their reduction *** reduction of wustite to iron was carried out at 1000,900,and 800℃ in a CO-CO_(2)-H2 atmosphere for the mineral morphology-controlled sinter,and the following findings were *** reduction rate of smaller amount of FeO led to faster increase of the reduction rate curve at the initial stage of ***-observations of reduced samples showed that the reaction proceeded from the outer periphery of the sample toward the inside,and a reaction interface was observed where reduced iron and wustite ***-observations revealed three layers,namely,wustite single phase in the center zone of the sample,iron single phase in the outer periphery zone of the sample,and iron oxide-derived wustite FeO and iron,or calcium ferritederived wustite'FeO'and iron in the reaction interface zone.A two-interface unreacted core model was successfully applied for the kinetic analysis of the reduction reaction,and obtained temperature dependent expressions of the chemical reaction coefficients from each mineral phases.

关键词： hydrogen reduction wustite hematite magnetite calcium ferrite two-interface unreacted core model COURSE50

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Chronic heat stress induces renal fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in laying hens

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畜牧与生物技术杂志:英文版 2023年第5期14卷 2002-2011页

作者： Fumika Nanto‑hara Makoto Yamazaki Hitoshi Murakami Haruhiko Ohtsu Division of Meat Animal and Poultry Research Institute of Livestock and Grassland ScienceNational Agriculture and Food Research Organization(NILGS)2 IkenodaiTsukubaIbaraki 305‑0901Japan

Background Heat stress in laying hens negatively affects egg production and shell quality by disrupting the homeo-stasis of plasma calcium and phosphorus *** the kidney plays an important role in calcium and phos-phorus homeostasis,evidence regarding the effect of heat stress on renal injury in laying hens is yet to be ***,the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic heat stress on renal damage in hens during laying *** A total of 16 white-leghorn laying hens(32 weeks old)were randomly assigned to two groups(n=8).One group was exposed to chronic heat stress(33°C for 4 weeks),whereas the other group was maintained at 24°*** Chronic heat exposure significantly increased plasma creatinine and decreased plasma albumin levels(P<0.05).Heat exposure also increased renal fibrosis and the transcription levels of fibrosis-related genes(COLA1A1,αSMA,and TGF-β)in the *** results suggest that renal failure and fibrosis were induced by chronic heat exposure in laying *** addition,chronic heat exposure decreased ATP levels and mitochondrial DNA copy number(mtDNA-CN)in renal tissue,suggesting that renal mitochondrial dysfunction occurs under conditions of heat *** mitochondria leak mtDNAs into the cytosol and mtDNA leakage may activate the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)stimulator of interferon genes(STING)signaling *** results showed that chronic heat exposure activated the cGAS-STING pathway as indicated by increased expression of MDA5,STING,IRF7,MAVS,and NF-κB ***,the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines(IL-12)and chemokines(CCL4 and CCL20)was upregulated in heat-stressed *** These results suggest that chronic heat exposure induces renal fibrosis and mitochondrial damage in laying *** damage by heat stress may activate the mtDNA-cGAS-STING signaling and cause subse-quent inflammation,which contributes to the progression of renal fibrosis and

关键词： cGAS-STING Heat stress Laying hens Mitochondrial DNA Renal fibrosis

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How rotational speed of planetary ball mill and polymer load influence the performance and water vapor sorption in solid dispersions composed of tadalafil and soluplus

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Particuology 2023年第2期73卷 37-46页

作者： Karol Kubat Anna Krupa Witold Brniak Agnieszka Węgrzyn Dorota Majda Agata Bogdał Hubert harańczyk Department of Medical Physics Faculty of PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsJagiellonian UniversityCracowPoland Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics Faculty of PharmacyCollegium MedicumJagiellonian UniversityCracowPoland Faculty of Chemistry Jagiellonian UniversityCracowPoland

The presence of residual water may deteriorate the performance of amorphous solid dispersions prepared by ball milling,affecting molecular mobility,crystallinity,particle size and finally,the drug dissolution *** the stability of these metastable systems depend on both formulation and process variables,the aim of this study was to assess for the first time,the impact that the polymer load and the rotational speed applied upon high energy ball milling could have on the performance of binary co-milled solid dispersions composed of tadalafil(a hydrophobic crystalline drug)and Soluplus(an amphiphilic,hygroscopic amorphous polymer).Each of these variables was tested at three *** electron microscopy,laser diffraction and X-ray powder diffraction were used to analyze morphology,particle size distribution and crystallinity of ball milled formulations *** studies were also carried *** tools of applied physics,namely solid state 1H NMR and relaxometry were used to assess the structure and water mobility upon gaseous phase hydration on *** was shown that both tested variables determined the particle size of the *** the rotational speed of 400 rpm was used,all solid dispersion were XRD-amorphous,but to ensure the immediate release of tadalafil its micellar solubilization in Soluplus was *** the formulation was exposed to water vapor,the hydration level increased with an increasing polymer load as ***,the rotational speed governed the space available for the adsorption of water molecules and their organization in a monolayer or *** behavior may have impact on the kinetics of the amorphous drug recrystallization,and finally deteriorate its dissolution.

关键词： Tadalafil Soluplus Solid dispersion Relaxation time Milling NMR

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Three dimensional microstructures of carbon deposition on Ni-YSZ anodes under polarization

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第12期87卷 359-367,I0010页

作者： Dongxu Cui Anna Sciazko Yosuke Komatsu Akiko Nakamura Toru hara Shiliang Wu Rui Xiao Naoki Shikazono Institute of Industrial Science The University of TokyoTokyo 153-8505Japan Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210018JiangsuChina National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba 305-0047Japan

In the present study,two Ni/YSZ anodes with different volume ratios of Ni and YSZ,30:70 and 45:55 vol%,are operated in dry methane under open circuit and polarized ***-dimensional(3D)Ni/YSZ microstructures after carbon deposition are reconstructed by the focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy(FIB-SEM)with the help of machine learning *** the reconstructed mircostructures,volume fraction,connectivity,three phase boundary(TPB)density,and tortuosity are *** addition,local carbon microstructures are quantitatively reconstructed,and the effect of polarization on carbon morphology is *** is demonstrated that Ni surface in the vicinity of active TPB near the electrolyte is free from carbon formation,while remaining Ni surface at some distances from TPB exhibits severe carbon *** average,total amount of carbon deposition is larger near the *** observations imply complex interplay between the electrochemical steam generation and methane cracking on Ni surface which take place very locally near the active TPB.

关键词： Solid oxide fuel cell Anode Carbon deposition Triple-phase boundary 3D reconstruction

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