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Geothermo-mechanical alterations due to heat energy extraction in enhanced geothermal systems: Overview and prospective directions

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第3期3卷 256-268页

作者： mary c.Ngoma Oladoyin Kolawole Olufemi Olorode John A.Reif Jr.Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkUSA Department of Petroleum Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeUSA

Geothermal energy from deep underground (or geological) formations,with or without its combination with carbon capture and storage (ccS),can be a key technology to mitigate anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and meet the 2050 net‐zero carbon emission *** resources in low‐permeability and medium‐and high‐temperature reservoirs in sedimentary sequence require hydraulic stimulation for enhanced geothermal systems (EGS).However,fluid migration for geothermal energy in EGS or with potential cO_(2) storage in a cO_(2)‐EGS are both dependent on the in situ flow pathway network created by induced fluid *** thermo‐mechanical interactions can be complex and induce varying alterations in the mechanical response when the working fluid is water (in EGS) or supercritical cO_(2)(in cO_(2)‐EGS),which could impact the geothermal energy recovery from geological ***,there is a need for a deeper understanding of the heat extraction process in EGS and cO_(2)‐*** study presents a systematic review of the effects of changes in mechanical properties and behavior of deep underground rocks on the induced flow pathway and heat recovery in EGS reservoirs with or without cO_(2) storage in cO_(2) ‐***,we proposed waterless‐stimulated EGS as an alternative approach to improve heat energy extraction in ***,based on the results of our literature review and proposed ideas,we recommend promising areas of investigation that may provide more insights into understanding geothermo‐mechanics to further stimulate new research studies and accelerate the development of geothermal energy as a viable clean energy technology.

关键词： cO_(2)-EGS enhanced geothermal systems geomechanics geothermal energy underground thermal energy

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Assessment of nano-to-micro-scale geomechanical properties and their time-dependent behavior: current status and progressive perspectives

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Rock Mechanics Bulletin

Rock Mechanics Bulletin 2024年第1期3卷 1-15页

作者： mary c.Ngoma Oladoyin Kolawole John A.Reif Jr.Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ07102USA

Rocks can deform at varying scales(nano-,micro-and macro-scale)under different temperatures,pressures,stresses,and time ***-core scale(nano-to micro-scale)changes in rock properties can influence local(fine-scale)and bulk scale(macro-scale)rock ***,there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge on how rock deformation at sub-core scale(i.e.,nano-to micro-scale)is assessed and its potential to accurately predicte and estimate the macro-scale mechanical behavior of *** study presents a comprehensive and forward-leaning review of the assessment of nano-scale and micro-scale rock mechanical parameters,their timedependent behavior,and potential applications in rock ***,we highlighted the key findings based on experimental and numerical methods for evaluating rock mechanical parameters,and presented the limitations of these ***,we discussed the reliability of sub-core scale mechanical assessments in predicting macromechanical(larger-scale)properties and the behavior of rocks in ***,we offer recommendations to advance investigations focused on rock mechanical assessments at these smaller scales and provide a more accurate characterization at the sub-core scale.

关键词： Rock mechanics Rock deformation Nanomechanics Rock creep Rock engineering

Elevated brain temperature under severe heat exposure impairs cortical motor activity and executive function

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 233-244页

作者： Xiang Ren Tan mary c.step.enson Sharifah Badriyah Alhadad Kelvin W.Z.Loh Tuck Wah Soong Jason K.W.Lee Ivan c.c.Low Health and Social Sciences Singapore Institute of TechnologySingapore 138683Singapore Human Potential Translational Research Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117593Singapore Heat Resilience and Performance centre Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117510Singapore N.1 Institute for Health National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(cREATE) Singapore 138602Singapore

Background:Excessive heat exposure can lead to hyperthermia in humans,which impairs physical performance and disrupts cognitive *** heat is a known physiological stressor,it is unclear how severe heat stress affects brain physiology and ***:Eleven healthy participants were subjected to heat stress from prolonged exercise or warm water immersion until their rectal temperatures(T_(re))attained 39.5℃,inducing exertional or passive hyperthermia,*** a separate trial,blended ice was ingested before and during exercise as a cooling *** were compared to a control condition with seated rest(normothermic).Brain temperature(T_(br)),cerebral perfusion,and task-based brain activity were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging ***:T_(br)in motor cortex was found to be tightly regulated at rest(37.3℃±0.4℃(mean±SD))despite fluctuations in T_(re).With the development of hyperthermia,T_(br)increases and dovetails with the rising T_(re).Bilateral motor cortical activity was suppressed during high-intensity plantarflexion tasks,implying a reduced central motor drive in hyperthermic participants(T_(re)=38.5℃±0.1℃).Global gray matter perfusion and regional perfusion in sensorimotor cortex were reduced with passive *** function was poorer under a passive hyperthermic state,and this could relate to compromised visual processing as indicated by the reduced activation of left lateral-occipital ***,ingestion of blended ice before and during exercise alleviated the rise in both T_(re)and T_(bc)and mitigated heat-related neural ***:Severe heat exposure elevates T_(br),disrupts motor cortical activity and executive function,and this can lead to impairment of physical and cognitive performance.

关键词： Brain functional activity cognition Heat stress Hyperthermia Motor function

Internet Gaming Disorder and Mental Health of children in china:A Latent Profile Analysis

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第7期26卷 517-529页

作者： Md Zahir Ahmed Oli Ahmed Lingfeng Gao mary c.Jobe Weijian Li School of Psychology Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China Department of Psychology University of ChittagongChattogram4331Bangladesh Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences The George Washington UniversityWashington DC20052USA

In recent years,speculation of an increase in Internet Gaming Disorder(IGD)has surfaced with the growing popularity of internet gaming among chinese children and *** detrimental impact of IGD on mental health cannot be denied,even though only a small portion of the screen-dependent population exhibits psychopathological and behavioral *** present study aimed to explore a latent proﬁle analysis(LPA)of Internet Gaming Disorder on the mental health of chinese school *** data were collected from a sample of 1005 chinese school students(49.8%male;age M=13.32,SD=1.34 years)using a paper-pencil survey through convenience *** explored three latent proﬁles of internet gamers:regular gamers(62.4%),moderate gamers(28.1%),and probable disordered gamers(9.4%).Results showed that the probable disordered gamers had signiﬁcantly higher levels of depression,anxiety,emotional and conduct problems,hyperactivity,and peer problem symptoms as well as lower life satisfaction,and pro-social symptoms compared to regular and moderate gamers(p<0.05).This study would be helpful to mental health professionals in designing interventions for gamers who present IGD *** longitudinal studies should also be undertaken to assess whether mental health worsens for probable disordered gamers.

关键词： Internet gaming disorder latent proﬁle analysis mental health children and adolescents china

Trial characteristics and treatment effect estimates in randomized controlled trials of chinese herbal medicine: A meta-epidemiological study

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 223-234页

作者： Betty H.Wang Ya-li Lin Yin-yan Gao Jin-lu Song Lang Qin Ling-qi Li Wen-qi Liu claire c.W.Zhong mary Y.Jiang chen Mao Xiao-bo Yang Vincent c.H.chung Irene X.Y.Wu Jockey club School of Public Health and Primary care the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Xiangya School of Public Health Central South UniversityChangsha 410006Hunan ProvinceChina School of chinese Medicine the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Public Health Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510080Guangdong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of chinese Medicine the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina chinese Medicine Syndrome Research Team the Second Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of clinical Research on Traditional chinese Medicine Syndrome Guangzhou 510120Guangdong ProvinceChina Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of clinical Epidemiology Central South UniversityChangsha 410006Hunan ProvinceChina

Background:Previously published meta-epidemiological studies focused on Western medicine have identified some trial characteristics that impact the treatment effect of randomized controlled trials(RcTs).Nevertheless,it remains unclear if similar associations exist in RcTs on chinese herbal medicine(cHM).Further,chinese medicine-related characteristics have not been explored ***:To investigate trial characteristics related to treatment effect estimates on cHM *** strategy:This meta-epidemiological study searched 5 databases for systematic reviews on cHM treatment published between January 2011 and July *** criteria:An eligible systematic review should only include RcTs of cHM and conduct at least one *** extraction and analysis:Two reviewers independently conducted data extraction on general characteristics of systematic reviews,meta-analyses and included *** also assessed the risk of bias of RcTs using the cochrane risk of bias tool.A two-step approach was used for data *** ratio of odds ratios(ROR) and difference in standardized mean differences (dSMD) with 95%confidence interval (cI) were applied to present the difference in effect estimates for binary and continuous outcomes,***:Ninety-one systematic reviews,comprising 1338 RcTs were *** binary outcomes,RcTs incorporated with syndrome differentiation (ROR:1.23;95%cI:[1.07,1.39]),adopting chinese medicine formula (ROR:1.19;95%cI:[1.03,1.34]),with low risk of bias on incomplete outcome data (ROR:1.29;95%cI:[1.06,1.52]) and selective outcome reporting (ROR:1.12;95%cI:[1.01,1.24]),as well as a trial size≥100 (ROR:1.23;95%cI:[1.04,1.42]) preferred to show larger effect *** for continuous outcomes,RcTs with chinese medicine diagnostic criteria (dSMD:0.23;95%cI:[0.06,0.41]),judged as high/unclear risk of bias on allocation concealment (dSMD:-0.70;95%cI:[-0.99,-0.42]),with low risk of bias on incomplete outcome data (dSMD:0.30

关键词： chinese herbal medicine Randomized controlled trial Risk of bias Meta-epidemiological study Effect estimates

2024 Adult compendium of Physical Activities:A third update of the energy costs of human activities

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 6-12页

作者： stephen D.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Tiago V.Barreira mary Hastert chelsea L.Kracht John M.Schuna Jr. Zhenghui cai Minghui Quan catrine Tudor-Locke Melicia c.Whitt-Glover David R. Jacobs Jr. Kansas center for Metabolism and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA college of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Exercise Science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA clinical Sciences Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA School of Exercise and Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA college of Health and Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Gramercy Research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA Division of Epidemiology and community Health School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

Background:The compendium of Physical Activities was published in 1993 to improve the comparability of energy expenditure values assigned to self-reported physical activity(PA)across *** original version was updated in 2000,and again in 2011,and has been widely used to support PA research,practice,and public health ***:This 2024 update was tailored for adults 19-59 years of age by removing data from those≥60 *** a systematic review and supplementary searches,we identified new activities and their associated measured metabolic equivalent(MET)values(using indirect calorimetry)published since *** replaced estimated METs with measured values when ***:We screened 32,173 abstracts and 1507 full-text papers and extracted 2356 PA energy expenditure values from 701 *** added303 new PAs and adjusted 176 existing MET values and descriptions to reflect the addition of new data and removal of METs for older *** added a Major Heading(Video Games).The 2024 Adult compendium includes 1114 PAs(912 with measured and 202 with estimated values)across 22 Major ***:This comprehensive update and refinement led to the creation of The 2024 Adult compendium,which has utility across research,public health,education,and healthcare domains,as well as in the development of consumer health *** new website with the complete lists of PAs and supporting resources is available at https://***.

关键词： Adults Energy expenditure Exercise MET Physical Activities

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意想不到的拼图

初中生 2024年第6期 24-27页

作者： mary c.canavan coocoo(编译) 不详

这是一个阴沉多雨的星期六,即便如此,贝姬还是很兴奋,因为今天是她挑选新拼图的日子。贝姬是一个“拼图迷”,至少她妈妈这样说。

关键词：拼图星期六意想不到

Storylines of family medicine Ⅱ:foundational building blocks—context,community and health

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Family Medicine and community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 12-22页

作者： William B Ventres Leslie A Stone Rupal Shah Tamala carter Geoffrey M Gusoff Winston Liaw Bich-May Nguyen Joanna V Rachelson mary Alice Scott Teresa L Schiff-Elfalan Seiji Yamada Robert c Like Kathleen Zoppi A Peter catinella Richard M Frankel Shailendra Prasad Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Bridge Lane Group Practice LondonUK Penn center for community Health Workers University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA National clinician Scholars Program UCLA David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Health Systems and Population Health Sciences University of Houston Tilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Southern New Mexico Family Medicine Residency Program Las CrucesNew MexicoUSA New Mexico Primary care Training Program Silver CityNew MexicoUSA Anthropology New Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNew MexicoUSA Family Medicine and community Health University of Hawai'i at Manoa John A Burns School of MedicineHonoluluHawaiiUSA Family Medicine and community Health Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Family Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA Family Medicine–Transmountain Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTexasUSA Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA Family Medicine and community Health University of Minnesota Medical School-Twin Cities CampusMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine,as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅱ:foundational building blocks—context,community and health’,authors address the following themes:‘context—grounding family medicine in time,place and being’,‘Recentring community’,‘community-oriented primary care’,‘Embeddedness in practice’,‘The meaning of health’,‘Disease,illness and sickness—core concepts’,‘The biopsychosocial model’,‘The biopsychosocial approach’and‘Family medicine as social medicine.’May readers grasp new implications for medical education and practice in these essays.

关键词： thematic illustration dimensions

The evolution of the atmosphere in the Archaean and early Proterozoic

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chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第1期56卷 4-13页

作者： NISBET Euan FOWLER c mary R Deptartment of Earth Sciences Royal HollowayUniversity of London

Key steps in atmospheric evolution occurred in the *** Hadean atmosphere was created by the inorganic processes of volatile accretion from space and degassing from the interior,and then modified by chemical and photochemical *** air was probably initially anoxic,though there may have been a supply of oxidation power as a consequence of hydrodynamic escape to space of hydrogen from *** subduction may have removed cO2 and the Hadean planet may have been *** the Archaean,as anoxygenic and then oxygenic photosynthesis evolved,biological activity remade the *** evidence implies there were liquid oceans despite the faint young *** oceans may have been sustained by the greenhouse warming effect of biologically-made *** in the late Archaean would have released free O2 into the *** would have created oxic surface waters,challenging the methane *** the Great Oxidation Event around 2.3 to 2.4 billion years ago,the atmosphere itself became oxic,perhaps triggering a glacial crisis by cutting methane-caused greenhouse *** the early Proterozoic,all the key biochemical processes that maintain the modern atmosphere were probably present in the microbial community.

关键词：晚太古代大气演化早元古代二氧化碳温室效应光化学过程微生物群落调制解调器