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Prevalence and features of SARS-CoV-2 infection in prisons in Tuscany

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 70-77页

作者： Cristina Stasi martina Pacifici Caterina Milli Francesco Profili Caterina Silvestri Fabio Voller Epidemiology Unit Regional Health Agency of TuscanyFlorence 50141Italy Department of Medicine Surgery and NeuroscienceUniversity of SienaSiena 53100Italy

BACKGROUND Prisons can be a reservoir for infectious diseases,including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),due to the very intimate nature of the living spaces and the large number of people forced to share *** To investigate the SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology in prisons,this study evaluated the infection incidence rate in prisoners who underwent nasopharyngeal *** This is an observational cohort *** collection included information on prisoners who underwent nasopharyngeal swab testing for SARS-CoV-2 and the *** swab tests for SARS-CoV-2 were performed between 15 February 2021 and 31 May 2021 for prisoners with symptoms and all new arrivals to the *** section included information on the diagnosis of the disease according to the International Classification of Diseases,Ninth Revision,and Clinical *** Up until the 31 May 2021,79.2%of the prisoner cohort(n=1744)agreed to a nasopharyngeal swab test(n=1381).Of these,1288 were negative(93.3%)and 85 were positive(6.2%).A significant association[relative risk(RR)]was found only for the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among foreigners compared to Italians[RR=2.4,95%confidence interval(CI):1.2-4.8].A positive association with SARS-CoV-2 infection was also found for inmates with at least one nervous system disorder(RR=4,95%CI:1.8-9.1).The SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate among prisoners is significantly lower than in the general population in Tuscany(standardized incidence ratio 0.7,95%CI:0.6-0.9).CONCLUSION In the prisoner cohort,screening and rapid access to health care for the immigrant population were critical to limiting virus transmission and subsequent morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable population.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiology Prison Prevalence Foreigners Swab tests

Fat management in upper blepharoplasty:Addition or subtraction blepharoplasties,how and when

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第16期12卷 2796-2802页

作者： Giovanni Miotti Jacopo Di Filippo martina Grando Carlo Salati Pier Camillo Parodi Leopoldo Spadea Caterina Gagliano Mutali Musa Marco Zeppieri Department of Plastic Surgery University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Department of Internal Medicine Azienda Sanitaria Friuli OccidentaleSan Vito al Tagliamento 33078Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Eye Clinic Policlinico Umberto I"Sapienza"University of RomeRome 00142Italy Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Enna"Kore"Enna 94100Italy Eye Clinic Catania University San Marco HospitalCatania 95121Italy Department of Optometry University of BeninBenin 3000283Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology Centre for Sight AfricaNkporOnitsha 434112Niger

BACKGROUND As one of the most common aesthetic surgical procedures carried out today,blepharoplasty should be in the repertoire of every plastic *** term blepharoplasty encompasses a wide range of techniques and options that must be tailored to the specific defect and patient one has to treat.A sound knowledge of the upper and lower eyelids’anatomy is essential for proper surgical *** have shifted towards more conservative methods(especially of the fat compartment)and sometimes in combination with augmentation techniques,helping to reach a rejuvenated *** To present an overview of the surgical techniques considered for upper lid blepharoplasty and fat pad management,in addition to information on how a surgeon may approach the best treatment for his patient based on current publications in *** We searched the literature published between 2013,to 2023 using Medline and Reference Citation *** database was searched using the keywords“upper blepharoplasty”AND“fat”.Papers without full text/abstracts and reviews were *** search strategy followed the *** American Society of Plastic Surgeons guidelines for Therapeutic Studies checklist was used to assess all *** authors individually reviewed each article and rated them for importance and relevance to the topic.A consensus was sought and the most relevant *** After the application of the selection criteria used in our review,13 publications were found to address upper lid blepharoplasty *** of these studies were reviews and three were retrospective *** publications were comparative studies and a further two were clinical *** The tendency of modern surgery is to be conservative,by removing adipose tissue only if strictly necessary and restoring the volume of the upper eyelid in a concept of beauty that espouses a"full"*** is no gold standard technique to achieve younger and enhanced eyelids

关键词： Blepharoplasty Fat pads Eye lid surgery Cosmetic aesthetic surgery Rejuvenation Plastic surgery

Effect of Aspergillus niger prolyl endopeptidase in patients with celiac disease on a long-term gluten-free diet

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1545-1555页

作者： Juan Pablo Stefanolo Verónica Segura martina Grizzuti Abel Heredia Isabel Comino Ana Florencia Costa Roberto Puebla María Paz Temprano Sonia Isabel Niveloni Gabriel de Diego María E Oregui Edgardo Gustavo Smecuol Mauricio C de Marzi Elena F Verdú Carolina Sousa Julio César Bai Small Bowel Section Department of MedicineGastroenterology Hospital of Buenos Aires“Dr.C.Bonorino Udaondo”Buenos Aires 1264Argentina Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of SevilleSeville 41080Spain Department of Medicine Dr.C.Bonorino Udaondo Gastroenterology HospitalBuenos Aires 1264Argentina Basic and Applied Research Group in Immunology and Bioactives(GIBAIB) Institute of Ecology and Sustainable Development(INEDES)National University of LujanLuján 6700Buenos AiresArgentina Department of Medicine Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research InstituteMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8OntarioCanada Facultad de Medicina Universidad del SalvadorBuenos Aires C1051ABBArgentina

BACKGROUND The gluten-free diet(GFD)has limitations,and there is intense research in the development of adjuvant *** To examine the effects of orally administered Aspergillus niger prolyl endopeptidase protease(AN-PEP)on inadvertent gluten exposure and symptom prevention in adult celiac disease(CeD)patients following their usual *** This was an exploratory,double-blind,randomized,placebo-controlled trial that enrolled CeD patients on a long-term *** a 4-wk run-in period,patients were randomized to 4 wk of two AN-PEP capsules(GliadinX;AVI Research,LLC,United States)at each of three meals per day or *** endpoints were:(1)Average weekly stool gluten immunogenic peptides(GIP)between the run-in and end of treatments and between AN-PEP and placebo;(2)celiac symptom index(CSI);(3)CeD-specific serology;and(4)quality of *** samples were collected for GIP testing by ELISA every Tuesday and Friday during run-ins and *** Forty patients were randomized for the intention-to-treat analysis,and three were excluded from the per-protocol ***,628/640(98.1%)stool samples were *** was undetectable(0.32μg/g)to potentially cause mucosal *** GIP concentration in the AN-PEP arm was 44.7%lower than in the run-in ***-third of patients exhibiting GIP>0.08μg/g during run-in had lower or undetectable GIP after AN-PEP *** with the run-in period,the proportion of symptomatic patients(CSI>38)in the AN-PEP arm was significantly lower(P<0.03).AN-PEP did not result in changes in specific *** This exploratory study conducted in a real-life setting revealed high adherence to the *** AN-PEP treatment did not significantly reduce the overall GIP stool ***,given the observation of a significantly lower prevale

关键词： Celiac disease Aspergillus niger prolyl endoprotease Gluten immunogenic peptides Trial Symptoms Real-life trial

Geophysical evidence of a large occurrence of mud volcanoes associated with gas plumbing system in the Ross Sea(Antarctica)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 304-324页

作者： martina Busetti Riccardo Geletti Dario Civile Chiara Sauli Giuseppe Brancatelli Edy Forlin Daniela Accettella Lorenza Barro Savonuzzi Laura De Santis Aldo Vesnaver Andrea Cova National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics–OGS Borgo Grotta Gigante 42/c34010 SgonicoTriesteItaly

Seafloor and buried reliefs occur along continental margin of the Ross Sea(Antarctica).These features are several kilometres wide and tens of metres high,exhibiting cone or flat-top dome *** studies have proposed a volcanic or glacial origin for these formations,but these hypotheses do not account for all the available *** this study,we use morpho-bathymetric data,intermediate resolution multichannel seismic and high resolution chirp profiles,as well as magnetic lines to investigate these clusters of *** employing targeted processing techniques to enhance the geophysical characterization of the seafloor and buried reliefs,and to understand the underlying geological features,we propose that the reliefs are mud *** of these formations appear to be associated with a plumbing system,as indicated by acoustic anomalies linked to sediment containing *** formations are likely fed by clayey source rocks of Miocene ***,other reliefs might be the result of mud mobilisation caused by gravity instability and fluid overpressure.

关键词： Ross Sea Antarctica Mud volcanoes Gas plumbing system Gas hydrate Bottom Simulating Reflector

Dysfunction of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)increases the risk of obesity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2298-2311页

作者： Heba ZabriTorsten Schöneberg AndréNguyen Dietzsch Hadi Al-Hasani Joachim Altschmied Katharina Bottermann Jana Brendler Judith Haendeler Susanne Horn Isabell Kaczmarek Antje Körner Kerstin Krause Kathrin Landgraf Diana Le Duc Laura Lehmann Stefan Lehr Stephanie Pick Albert Ricken Rene Schnorr Angela Schulz martina Strnadová Akhil Velluva Heba Zabri Torsten Schöneberg Doreen Thor Simone Prömel Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry Medical FacultyGerman Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany German Center for Diabetes Research(DZD e.V.) Munich-NeuherbergGermany Cardiovascular Degeneration Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Cardiovascular Research Institute(CARID) Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Pharmacology Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Anatomy Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Center for Pediatric Research Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research(HI-MAG)of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Endocrinology NephrologyRheumatologyLeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Human Genetics Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Cell Biology Department of BiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany School of Medicine University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda

Obesity is one of the diseases with severe health consequences and rapidly increasing worldwide *** the complex network of food intake and energy balance regulation is an essential prerequisite for pharmacological intervention with obesity.G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs)are among the main modulators of metabolism and energy ***,for instance,regulate appetite and satiety in certain hypothalamic neurons,as well as glucose and lipid metabolism and hormone secretion from *** in some GPCRs,such as the melanocortin receptor type 4(MC4R),have been associated with early-onset ***,we identified the adhesion GPCR latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)as a member of the regulating network governing food intake and the maintenance of energy *** of the highly conserved receptor in mice results in increased food consumption and severe obesity,accompanied by dysregulation of glucose ***,we identified a partially inactivating mutation in human ADGRL1/LPHN1 in a patient suffering from ***,we propose that LPHN1 dysfunction is a risk factor for obesity development.

关键词： obesity metabolism intake

Fat or fillers:The dilemma in eyelid surgery

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 2951-2965页

作者： Giovanni Miotti Luca De Marco Davide Quaglia martina Grando Carlo Salati Leopoldo Spadea Caterina Gagliano Mutali Musa Pier Luigi Surico Pier Camillo Parodi Marco Zeppieri Department of Plastic Surgery University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Department of Internal Medicine Azienda Sanitaria Friuli OccidentaleSan Vito al Tagliamento 33078Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Eye Clinic Policlinico Umberto I“Sapienza”University of RomeRome 00142Italy Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Enna“Kore”Enna 94100Italy Eye Clinic Catania University San Marco Hospital Viale Carlo Azeglio CiampiCatania 95121Italy Department of Optometry University of BeninBenin 300283Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology Africa Eye Laser CentreKm 7Benin 300105Nigeria Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States

The aging of the periocular region has always aroused great interest.A fresh,young,and attractive sight determined an ever-greater attention to surgical and non-surgical techniques to obtain this *** particular,the change in the concept of a young look,considered then“full”,led to the increasing use of surgical(fat grafting)or medical(hyaluronic acid)filling *** rejuvenation became increasingly popular in the field of cosmetic treatments,with a focus on achieving a youthful and refreshed *** the various techniques available,the choice between using fat grafting or fillers presented a clinical *** particular,what surgery considered of fundamental importance was a long-lasting result over *** the other hand,aesthetic medicine considered it fundamental not to have to resort to invasive *** what was the reality?Was there one path better than the other,and above all,was there a better path for patients?The minireview aims to explore the physiopathology,diagnosis,treatment options,prognosis,and future studies regarding this *** analyzed the literature produced in the last 20 years comparing the two *** literature reveals advancements in biomaterials,stem cell research and tissue engineering held promise for further enhancing the field of eyelid *** choice between fat grafting and fillers in eyelid cosmetic treatments presented a clinical *** physiopathology,accurately diagnosing eyelid aging,exploring treatment options,assessing prognosis,and conducting future studies were essential for providing optimal care to patients seeking eyelid rejuvenation.

关键词： Stem cells Adipose stem cell Ocular therapy Oculoplastics Regenerative

Palliative care with adequate pain relief challenges the need for euthanasia legislation

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History & Philosophy of Medicine 2024年第2期6卷 6-13页

作者： Renald Blundell martina Cini Kimberley Blundell Department of Physiology and Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of MaltaMsida MSD2080Malta Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking University of MaltaMsida MSD2080Malta Faculty of Law University of MaltaMsida MSD2080Malta

Background:In today’s society the ongoing discussion about euthanasia triggers emotionally charged debates surrounding the delicate balance between valuing life and respecting an individual’s *** the persistence of this debate,there has been the emergence of the concept of the so-called alternative:palliative *** as a substitute for euthanasia,palliative care aims to alleviate suffering in terminally ill patients without engaging in the ethical dilemmas associated with ***:This paper explores the facets of palliative care highlighting its core objectives such as providing adequate pain relief as a compassionate alternative to ***:By examining palliative care as a comprehensive approach to end of life support,this study challenges the perceived necessity of euthanasia and advocates,for compassionate and dignified end of life ***:In conclusion,palliative care emerges as a viable and ethically sound alternative to euthanasia,emphasizing the importance of compassionate end-of-life care and pain management.

关键词： palliative care adequate pain relief euthanasia legislation end-of-life care patient-centered care policy development

Rheology of Poly(vinyl butyral)Solution Containing Fumed Silica in Correlation with Electrospinning

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2018年第6期36卷 742-748页

作者： Petra Peer martina Polaskova Pavol Suly Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Pod Patankou 5166 12 Prague 6Czech Republic Centre of Polymer Systems Tomas Bata University in Zlintrida Tomase Bati 5678760 O1 ZlinCzech Republic Department of Polymer Engineering Faculty of TechnologyTomas Bata University in ZlinVavreckova 27576001 ZlinCzech Republic

The rheological properties in question are influenced by many factors, ranging from the characteristics of the given polymer or solvent to the flowing conditions. The primary focus of this study is to analyse the rheological behaviour of poly（vinyl butyral）—Mowital B 60 H—（PVB） solutions dissolved in methanol and a blend of these with fumed silica nanoparticles. The preparation of the nanofibrous web and the quality of nanofibres were correlated with the rheology of the polymer solution. It was discerned that drastically intensifying shear viscosity and the elasticity of the solution exerted a negligible effect on the formation of fibres, a finding which has rarely been discussed in the literature. The morphologies and structures of the PVB/silica nanofibrous membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

关键词： Electrospinning Nanofibres Poly(vinyl butyral) Fumed silica Rheology

基于Simulink电液比例位置控制系统的性能分析和优化

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西华大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第5期43卷 88-95页

作者：高振军张加恒李文杨何国斌刘海冯威 Oybek Ishnazarov martina Zelenakova 三峡大学机械与动力学院湖北宜昌443002 Institute of Energy Problems of the Academy of Sciences Tashkent 100084 Uzbekistan Institute of Sustainable and Circular Construction Faculty of Civil EngineeringKošice 04001 Slovakia

为改善某钢铁公司电液比例位置控制系统相关系统性能,文章使用数值计算分析方法,建立电液比例位置控制系统的数学模型,通过Simulink软件构建模型,并分析可知,系统的幅值裕度为25 dB,相位裕度为89.6°,结合伯德图的曲线特征,发现该系统... 详细信息

为改善某钢铁公司电液比例位置控制系统相关系统性能,文章使用数值计算分析方法,建立电液比例位置控制系统的数学模型,通过Simulink软件构建模型,并分析可知,系统的幅值裕度为25 dB,相位裕度为89.6°,结合伯德图的曲线特征,发现该系统的准确性与稳定性已满足基本要求,但通过系统的阶跃响应曲线,发现其上升时间为4.26 s、调整时间为5.83 s,系统响应的快速性没有达到要求。为进一步改进系统性能,选取结构简单、适用范围广的PID控制器,通过添加PID控制和不断修改PID控制器参数,优化系统性能,优化后的系统幅值裕度为5.18 dB,相位裕度90°,上升时间为0.236 s,调整时间为0.435 s,系统在保持良好的准确性和稳定性的基础上,快速性也得到了改善,已完全满足工业生产的要求。最后讨论了液压缸有效面积对PID控制性能的影响:A_(h)=0.15~0.20 m^(2)时系统性能仍有较好的适用性;小于0.15 m^(2)时会发生剧烈震动;大于0.20 m^(2)会大大增加响应时间。

关键词：电液比例位置控制系统 Simulink仿真 PID控制 Tuner优化