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Lattice-Boltzmann simulations for analysing the detachment of micron-sized spherical particles from surfaces with large-scale roughness structures

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Particuology 2022年第2期20卷 47-59页

作者： Yan Cui martin Sommerfeld School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina Multiphase Flow Systems Institute of Process EngineeringOtto-von-Guericke-University MagdeburgHoher Weg 7bD-06120 Halle(Saale)Germany

Fully resolved numerical simulations of a micron-sized spherical particle residing on a surface with large-scale roughness are performed by using the Lattice-Boltzmann *** aim is to investigate the influence of surface roughness on the detachment of fine drug particles from larger carrier particles for transporting fine drug particles in a dPI(dry powder inhaler).Often the carrier surface is modified by mechanical treatments for modifying the surface roughness in order to reduce the adhesion force of drug ***,drug particle removal from the carrier surface is equivalent to the detachment of a sphere from a rough plane *** a sphere with a diameter of 5μm at a particle Reynolds number of 1.0,3.5 and 10 are *** surface roughness is described as regularly spaced semi-cylindrical asperities(with the axes oriented normal to the flow direction)on a smooth *** influence of asperity distance and size ratio(*** radius of the semi-cylinder to the particle radius,Rc/Rd)on particle adhesion and detachment are *** asperity distance is varied in the range 1.2dd the semi-cylinder radius between 0.5dd particle resolution and domain size are appropriately selected based on numerical studies,and a parametric analysis is performed to investigate the relationship between the contact distance(*** the distance between the particle contact points on two neighbouring semi-cylinders),the asperity distance,the size ratio,and the height of the particle centroid from the plane *** drag,lift and torque acting on the spherical particle are measured for different particle Reynolds numbers,asperity distances and sizes or *** detachment of particles from rough surfaces can occur through lift-off,sliding and rolling,and the corresponding detachment models are constructed for the case of rough *** studies will be the basis for developing Lagrangian detachment models that eventual

关键词： Lattice-Boltzmann method Fully-resolved simulations Particle detachment Surface roughness Semi-cylindrical asperities Particle detachment model

A Survey of the L1 Scheme in the discretisation of Time-Fractional Problems

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2022年第4期15卷 1173-1192页

作者： martin Stynes Applied and Computational Mathematics division Beijing Computational Science Research CenterBeijing 100193China

A survey is given of convergence results that have been proved when the L1 scheme is used to approximate the Caputo time derivative d_(t)^(α)(where 0<α<1)in initial-boundary value problems governed by d_(t)^(α)u−... 详细信息

A survey is given of convergence results that have been proved when the L1 scheme is used to approximate the Caputo time derivative d_(t)^(α)(where 0dary value problems governed by d_(t)^(α)u−△u=f and similar equations,while taking into account the weak singularity that is present in typical solutions of such *** aspects of these analyses are outlined,such as global and local convergence bounds and the techniques used to derive them,fast implementation of the L1 scheme,semilinear problems,multi-term time derivatives,α-robustness,a posteriori error analysis,and two modified L1 schemes that achieve better *** fifty references are provided in the bibliography,more than half of which are from the period 2019-2022.

关键词： L1 scheme fractional derivative survey

Ultrahigh frame rate digital light projector using chip-scale LEd-on-CMOS technology

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Photonics Research 2022年第10期10卷 2434-2446页

作者： NAVId BANI HASSAN FAHIMEH dEHKHOdA ENYUAN XIE JOHANNES HERRNSdORF MICHAEL J.STRAIN ROBERT HENdERSON martin d.dAWSON Institute of Photonics Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeTechnology and Innovation CentreGlasgow G11RDUK School of Engineering Institute for Integrated Micro and Nano SystemsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93JLUK

digital light projector systems are crucial components in applications,including computational imaging,fluorescence microscopy,and highly parallel data *** technology based on digital micromirror displays are limited to absolute frame rates in the few tens of kiloframes per second and require the use of external light sources and coupling ***,to realize gray-scale pixel values using duty cycle control,frame rates are reduced proportionally to the number of gray levels *** we present a self-emissive chip-scale projector system based on micro-LEd pixels directly bonded to a smart pixel CMOS drive *** 128×128 pixel array can project binary patterns at up to 0.5 Mfps and toggle between two stored frames at megahertz *** projector has a 5-bit gray-scale resolution that can be updated at up to 83 kfps,and can be held in memory as a constant bias for the binary pattern ***,the projector can be operated in a pulsed mode,with individual pixels emitting pulses down to a few nanoseconds in ***,this mode can be used in conjunction with the high-speed spatial pattern *** a demonstration of the data throughput achievable with this system,we present an optical camera communications application,exhibiting data rates of>5 Gb/s.

关键词： frame frames light

How much resistance exercise is beneficial for healthy aging and longevity?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 284-286页

作者： Johannes Burtscher Barbara Strasser Giuseppe d'Antona Gregoire P.Millet martin Burtscher department of Biomedical Sciences University of LausanneLausanne 1015Switzerland Institute of Sport Sciences University of LausanneLausanne 1015Switzerland Medical Faculty Sigmund Freud Private UniversityVienna A-1020Austria CRIAMS-Sport Medicine Centre Voghera University of PaviaPavia I-27100Italy department of Public Health Experimental and Forensic MedicineUniversity of PaviaPavia I-27100Italy department of Sport Science University of InnsbruckInnsbruck A-6020Austria

Regular physical activity(PA)promotes healthy aging,and activities aiming to increase muscular strength(i.e.,resistance exercise(RE))are important PA modalities for achieving health *** meta-analyses demonstrated that both RE^(1) and muscular strength^(2) were associated with mortality benefits,even when RE was performed above the PA targets recommended by current guidelines^(1,3).

关键词： aging resistance strength

Innovative Analysis Ready data(ARd)product and process requirements,software system design,algorithms and implementation at the midstream as necessary-but-notsuffcient precondition of the downstream in a new notion of Space Economy 4.0-Part 1:Problem background in Artificial General Intelligence(AGI)

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Big Earth data 2023年第3期7卷 455-693页

作者： Andrea Baraldi Luca d.Sapia dirk Tiede martin Sudmanns Hannah L.Augustin Stefan Lang Spatial Services GmbH SalzburgAustria CGI Italy FrascatiItaly department of Geoinformatics-Z_GIS University of SalzburgSalzburgAustria

Aiming at the convergence between Earth observation(EO)Big data and Artificial General Intelligence(AGI),this two-part paper identifies an innovative,but realistic EO optical sensory imagederived semantics-enriched Analysis Ready data(ARd)productpair and process gold standard as linchpin for success of a new notion of Space Economy *** be implemented in operational mode at the space segment and/or midstream segment by both public and private EO big data providers,it is regarded as necessarybut-not-sufficient“horizontal”(enabling)precondition for:(I)Transforming existing EO big raster-based data cubes at the midstream segment,typically affected by the so-called data-rich information-poor syndrome,into a new generation of semanticsenabled EO big raster-based numerical data and vector-based categorical(symbolic,semi-symbolic or subsymbolic)information cube management systems,eligible for semantic content-based image retrieval and semantics-enabled information/knowledge discovery.(II)Boosting the downstream segment in the development of an ever-increasing ensemble of“vertical”(deep and narrow,user-specific and domain-dependent)value–adding information products and services,suitable for a potentially huge worldwide market of institutional and private end-users of space *** the sake of readability,this paper consists of two *** the present Part 1,first,background notions in the remote sensing metascience domain are critically revised for harmonization across the multidisciplinary domain of cognitive *** short,keyword“information”is disambiguated into the two complementary notions of quantitative/unequivocal information-as-thing and qualitative/equivocal/inherently ill-posed ***,buzzword“artificial intelligence”is disambiguated into the two better-constrained notions of Artificial Narrow Intelligence as part-without-inheritance-of ***,based on a betterdefined and better-understood vocabulary of multid

关键词： Artificial Narrow Intelligence big data cognitive science computer vision Earth observation essential climate variables Global Earth Observation System of(component)Systems inductive/deductive/hybrid inference Scene Classification Map Space Economy 4.0 radiometric corrections of optical imagery from atmospheric,topographic,adjacency and bidirectional reflectance distribution function effects semantic content-based image retrieval 2d spatial topology-preserving/retinotopic image mapping world ontology(synonym for conceptual/mental/perceptual model of the world)

皮肤微生态与寻常痤疮:关于葡萄球菌在痤疮发病中的新认识

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中华皮肤科杂志 2022年第1期55卷 88-89页

作者： dreno B martin R Moyal d department of dermatology Nantes University Hospital Nantes France CIC Inserm U892-CNRS 6299 Nantes France L'Oréal Research and Innovation Tours France La Roche-Posay dermatological Laboratories Asnières France Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado Boulder CO USA

人体皮肤上定植的微生物借助天然和获得性免疫系统的复杂信息交换与宿主保持共生关系,即微生态平衡,是健康皮肤所必需的。在皮肤上已鉴定出有四个主要的细菌门:放线菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门和拟杆菌门。最常见的三个菌属是棒状杆菌属... 详细信息

人体皮肤上定植的微生物借助天然和获得性免疫系统的复杂信息交换与宿主保持共生关系,即微生态平衡,是健康皮肤所必需的。在皮肤上已鉴定出有四个主要的细菌门:放线菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门和拟杆菌门。最常见的三个菌属是棒状杆菌属、丙酸杆菌属和葡萄球菌属。

关键词：寻常痤疮棒状杆菌属微生态平衡葡萄球菌属信息交换共生关系人体皮肤细菌门

Finding stable multi-component materials by combining cluster expansion and crystal structure predictions

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2137-2146页

作者： Adam Carlsson Johanna Rosen martin dahlqvist Materials design Department of PhysicsChemistryand Biology(IFM)Linköping UniversitySE-58183 LinköpingSweden

A desired prerequisite when performing a quantum mechanical calculation is to have an initial idea of the atomic positions within an approximate crystal *** atomic positions combined should result in a system located in,or close to,an energy ***,designing low-energy structures may be a challenging task when prior knowledge is scarce,specifically for large multi-component systems where the degrees of freedom are close to *** this paper,we propose a method for identification of low-energy crystal structures within multi-component systems by combining cluster expansion and crystal structure predictions with density-functional theory *** structure prediction searches are applied to the Mo_(2)AlB_(2) and Sc2AlB_(2) ternary systems to identify candidate structures,which are subsequently used to explore the quaternary(pseudo-binary)(Mo_(x)Sc_(1–x))2AlB_(2) system through the cluster expansion formalism utilizing the ground-state search ***,we show that utilizing low-energy structures found within the cluster expansion ground-state search as seed structures within crystal structure predictions of(Mo_(x)Sc_(1–x))2AlB_(2) can significantly reduce the computational *** this combined approach,we not only correctly identified the recently discovered Mo_(4/3)Sc_(2/3)AlB_(2) i-MAB phase,comprised of in-plane chemical ordering of Mo and Sc and with Al in a Kagomélattice,but also predict additional low-energy structures at various *** result demonstrates that combining crystal structure prediction with cluster expansion provides a path for identifying low-energy crystal structures in multi-component systems by employing the strengths from both frameworks.

关键词： structure cluster crystal

The RNA binding proteins TIA1 and TIAL1 promote Mcl1 mRNA translation to protect germinal center responses from apoptosis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第9期20卷 1063-1076页

作者： Ines COsma-Garcia Mailys Mouysset dunja Capitan-Sobrino Yann Aubert martin Turner Manuel d.diaz-Muñoz Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory diseases(INFINITy) Inserm UMR1291CNRS UMR5051University Paul SabatierCHU PurpanToulouse 31024France Immunology Program The Babraham InstituteCambridgeUK

Germinal centers(GCs)are essential for the establishment of long-lasting antibody *** B cells rely on post-transcriptional RNA mechanisms to translate activation-associated transcriptional programs into functional changes in the cell ***,the critical proteins driving these key mechanisms are still ***,we show that the RNA binding proteins TIA1 and TIAL1 are required for the generation of long-lasting GC ***1-and TIAL1-deficient GC B cells fail to undergo antigen-mediated positive selection,expansion and differentiation into B-cell clones producing high-affinity ***,TIA1 and TIAL1 control the transcriptional identity of dark-and light-zone GC B cells and enable timely expression of the prosurvival molecule ***,we demonstrate here that TIA1 and TIAL1 are key players in the post-transcriptional program that selects high-affinity antigen-specific GC B cells.

关键词： Adaptive immunity Germinal centers Post-transcriptional gene regulation RNA binding proteins Cell identity Apoptosis/10.1038/s41423-023-01063-4

Enabling Virtual Met Masts for wind energy applications through machinelearning-methods

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2023年第1期11卷 26-42页

作者： Sandra Schwegmann Janosch Faulhaber Sebastian Pfaffel Zhongjie Yu martin dörenkämper Kristian Kersting Julia Gottschall Fraunhofer IWES Küpkersweg 7026129 OldenburgGermany Fraunhofer IEE Königstor 5934119 KasselGermany Technical University of darmstadt Karolinenplatz 564289 DarmstadtGermany Hessian Center for AI(hessian.AI) Mornewegstraße 3064293 DarmstadtGermany

As wind is the basis of all wind energy projects, a precise knowledge about its availability is needed. For ananalysis of the site-specific wind conditions, Virtual Meteorological Masts (VMMs) are frequently used. VMMsmake use of site calibrated numerical data to provide precise wind estimates during all phases of a wind energyproject. Typically, numerical data are used for the long-term correlation that is required for estimating theyield of new wind farm projects. However, VMMs can also be used to fill data gaps or during the operationalphase as an additional reference data set to detect degrading sensors. The value of a VMM directly dependson its ability and precision to reproduce site-specific environmental conditions. Commonly, linear regressionis used as state of the art to correct reference data to the site-specific conditions. In this study, a frameworkof 10 different machine-learning methods is tested to investigated the benefit of more advanced methods ontwo offshore and one onshore site. We find significantly improving correlations between the VMMs and the reference data when using more advanced methods and present the most promising ones. The K-NearestNeighbors and AdaBoost regressors show the best results in our study, but Multi-Output Mixture of GaussianProcesses is also very promising. The use of more advanced regression models lead to decreased uncertainties;hence those methods should find its way into industrial applications. The recommended regression models canserve as a starting point for the development of end-user applications and services.

关键词： Virtual Met Mast(VMM) Wind power Machine learning Reanalysis data Site assessment Weather Research and Forecasting Model(WRF) Measure-Correlate-Predict(MCP)