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Protective effects of anti-ricin A-chain RNA aptamer against ricin toxicity

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第41期14卷 6360-6365页

作者： Shaoan Fan Feng Wu Frank Martiniuk martha l hale Andrew D Ellington Kam-Meng Tchou-Wong Department of Environmental Medicine New York University School of Medicine 57 Old Forge Road Tuxedo New York 10987 United States Department of Medicine New York University School of Medicine 550 First Avenue New York 10016 United States Integrated Toxicology Division U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) Fort Detrick Maryland 21702 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 United States

AIM： To investigate the therapeutic potential of an RNA ligand （aptamer） specific for the catalytic ricin A-chain （RTA）, the protective effects of a 31-nucleo- tide RNA aptamer （31RA）, which formed a high affinity complex with RTA, against ricin-induced toxicity in cell- based luciferase translation and cell cytotoxicity assays were evaluated. METHODS： To test the therapeutic potential of anti- RTA aptamers in Chinese hamster ovary （CliO） AA8 cells stably transfected with a tetracycline regulatable promoter, ricin ribotoxicity was measured us- ing luciferase and ricin-induced cytotoxicity was ascertained by MTS cell proliferation assay with tet- razolium compound [3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）- 5-（3-carboxymethoxyphenyl）-2-（4-sulfophenyl）-2H- tetrazolium]. RESUlTS： Inhibition of protein synthesis by ricin in CliO AA8 cells resulted in diminished luciferase activity and treatment with polyclonal antibody against degly- cosylated RTA （dgA） neutralized the inhibitory effects of ricin on luciferase activity and protected against ricin-induced cytotoxicity as measured by MTS assay. The 31RA anti-RTA aptamer inhibited the translation of luciferase mRNA in cell-free reticulocyte translation assay. 31RA aptamer also partially neutralized the inhibitory effects of ricin on luciferase activity and partially protected against ricin-induced cytotoxicity in CliO AA8 cells. CONClUSION： We have shown that anti-RTA RNA aptamer can protect against ricin ribotoxicity in cell- based luciferase and cell cytotoxicity assays. Hence, RNA aptamer that inhibits RTA enzymatic activity represents a novel class of nucleic acid inhibitor that has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of ricin intoxication.

关键词： Ricin inhibitor RNA aptamer luciferase assay

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图书馆员在高校科研中的作用

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图书馆学研究 1990年第1期 27-29页

作者：张玉芬 Robert Grove martha l.hale

图书馆员的传统服务可分为主动服务和被动服务。一般说来,选购书刊资料,开展借阅活动被视为被动服务。那些为配合教学而开展的指定參考书服务和编制专题书目索引等被视为主动服务。现在,大部分图书馆员在科研中采取主动服务的方式,如利... 详细信息

图书馆员的传统服务可分为主动服务和被动服务。一般说来,选购书刊资料,开展借阅活动被视为被动服务。那些为配合教学而开展的指定參考书服务和编制专题书目索引等被视为主动服务。现在,大部分图书馆员在科研中采取主动服务的方式,如利用文摘或书目数据库进行检索服务。但这种检索往往是资料堆积,大部分与科研人员的研究课题关系不大。所以,有人建议图书馆员应了解科研过程。

关键词：图书馆员读者工作科研工作

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The functional role of miRNAs in colorectal cancer: insights from a large population-based study

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2019年第2期16卷 211-219页

作者： lila E.Mullany martha l.Slattery Department of Internal Medicine University of Utah

Identification of causal microRNAs(miRNAs) in colorectal cancer(CRC) is elusive, due to our lack of understanding of how specific miRNAs affect biological pathways and outcomes. An miRNA can regulate many mRNAs and an mRNA can be associated with many miRNAs;appreciation of these complex networks in which miRNAs operate is necessary to transition from identifying dysregulated miRNAs to identifying individual miRNAs or groups of miRNAs that are suitable for therapeutic purposes. The aim of the paper is to compile results from a population-based study(n = 1,954 cases with matched carcinoma/normal tissue) of miRNAs in CRC. The information gained allows for cohesive and comprehensive insight into miRNAs and CRC in terms of function and impact. Comparison of miRNA expression with mRNA expression from nine signaling pathways in carcinogenic processes allowed us to identify miRNA targets within a biological context. MiRNAs that directly influence mRNA expression may be effective biomarkers or therapeutic targets.

关键词： mRNA miRNA pathways colorectal cancer

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FIXED-POINT CONTINUATION APPlIED TO COMPRESSED SENSING:IMPlEMENTATION AND NUMERICAl EXPERIMENTS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2010年第2期28卷 170-194页

作者： Elaine T.hale Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics Rice University

Fixed-point continuation （FPC） is an approach, based on operator-splitting and continuation, for solving minimization problems with l1-regularization：min ｜｜x｜｜1＋uf（x）.We investigate the application of this algorithm to compressed sensing signal recovery, in which f（x） = 1/2｜｜Ax-b｜｜2M,A∈m×n and m≤n. In particular, we extend the original algorithm to obtain better practical results, derive appropriate choices for M and u under a given measurement model, and present numerical results for a variety of compressed sensing problems. The numerical results show that the performance of our algorithm compares favorably with that of several recently proposed algorithms.

关键词： l1 regularization Fixed-point algorithm Continuation Compressed sensing,Numerical experiments.

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Mechanical Behavior of Panels Reinforced with Orthogonal Plant Fabrics: Experimental and Numerical Assessment

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第10期12卷 1791-1810页

作者： martha l.Sánchez G.Capote Universidad Militar Nueva Granada Programa de Ingeniería CivilBogotá110111Colombia Facultad de Ciencias Departamento de FísicaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotá111321Colombia

The construction sector is one of the main sources of pollution,due to high energy consumption and the toxic substances generated during the processing and use of traditional *** production of cement,steel,and other conventional materials impacts both ecosystems and human health,increasing the demand for ecological and biodegradable *** this paper,we analyze the properties of panels made from a combination of plant fibers and castor oil resin,analyzing the viability of their use as construction *** the research,orthogonal fabrics made with waste plant fibers supplied by a company that deals with the manufacture of furniture and craft products were *** fabrics were made with strips of plant fibers of the Calamus rotang,Bambusa vulgaris,Heteropsis flexuosa,and Salix viminalis *** improve their compatibility with the castor oil resin,a cold argon plasma treatment was *** effect of the treatment on the properties of the fibers and the panels was *** density,water absorption capacity,and swelling percentage were ***,compression,static bending,and linear buckling tests were carried *** study found that panels made with treated fiber fabrics exhibited a reduction of approximately 10%in absorption capacity and up to 35%in swelling percentage *** made with Bambusa vulgaris fabrics exhibited the highest strength and stiffness *** models were constructed using commercial finite element *** comparing the numerical results with the experimental ones,differences of less than 15%were seen,demonstrating that the models allow adequately predicting the analyzed *** comparing the values obtained with the characteristic values of oriented strand board,the results suggest that panels made with unconventional materials could replace commercial panels traditionally made with wood-based fibers and particles and other composite materials in several applications in the c

关键词： Unconventional materials nonstructural panels plantfibers surface treatment physical properties mechanical properties

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Spatiotemporal variation in the adult sex ratio,male aggregation,and movement of two tropical cloud forest dung beetles

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Current Zoology 2022年第6期68卷 635-644页

作者： Julliana BARRETTO martha l.BAENA Israel Huesca DOMıNGUEZ Federico ESCOBAR Red de Ecoetologıa Instituto de EcologıaXalapaC.P.91073Mexico Instituto de Investigaciones Biologicas Universidad Veracruzana.Av.Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n Col.IndustrialAnimasXalapaC.P.91190Mexico

While theory suggests that at conception the sex ratio should be balanced(1:1),this can be variable across space and time in wild ***,studies of the environmental factors that regulate adult sex ratio(ASR)in species with different life history traits are *** capture–recapture over a year,we analyzed the influence of habitat type(forest and nonforest)and season(rainy and dry)on variation in ASR,male aggregation and the trajectory movement of 2 dung beetle species with different life history traits:Deltochilum mexicanum(a hornless roller species)and Dichotomius satanas(a tunneler species with horns on its head and thorax).We found opposite *** *** population tends to be female-biased,but the population of *** tends to be predominantly male,and observed values were not related to habitat type or ***,the 95%confidence intervals estimated were highly variable between seasons depending on *** examining the monthly variation in ASR for both habitats,we found that it depends on the *** addition,male aggregation differed between species depending on habitat type and season,and species movement patterns were closely related to their habitat *** on our results,we argue that comparative population studies of species with different life history traits are necessary to understand the variation in demographic parameters as well as its ecological and evolutionary implications in the face of spatial and climatic environmental variation.

关键词： habitat preference mark-recapture mean crowding seasonality Scarabaeinae sex proportion

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The presence and partitioning behavior of flame retardants in waste,leachate,and air particles from Norwegian waste-handling facilities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第12期29卷 115-132页

作者： Nicolas A.O.Morin Patrik l.Andersson Sarah E.hale Hans Peter H.Arp Norwegian Geotechnical Institute(NGI) P.O.Box 3930Ulleval StadionN-0806 OsloNorway Environmental and Food laboratory of Vendee(lEA V) Department of ChemistryRond-point Georges Dural CS 8080285021 La Roche-sur-YonFrance Chemistry Department Umed UniversitySE-901 87 UmeaSweden

Flame retardants in commercial products eventually make their way into the waste *** the presence of flame retardants in Norwegian landfills, incineration facilities and recycling sorting/defragmenting facilities is investigated. These facilities handled waste electrical and electronic equipment（WEEE）, vehicles, digestate, glass, combustibles, bottom ash and fly ash. The flame retardants considered included polybrominated diphenyl ethers（∑BDE-10） as well as dechlorane plus, polybrominated biphenyls, hexabromobenzene,pentabromotoluene and pentabromoethylbenzene（collectively referred to as ∑FR-7）. Plastic,WEEE and vehicles contained the largest amount of flame retardants（∑BDE-10： 45,000–210,000 μg/kg; ∑FR-7： 300–13,000 μg/kg）. It was hypothesized leachate and air concentrations from facilities that sort/defragment WEEE and vehicles would be the highest. This was supported for total air phase concentrations（∑BDE-10： 9000–195,000 pg/m^3 WEEE/vehicle facilities, 80–900 pg/m^3 in incineration/sorting and landfill sites）, but not for water leachate concentrations（e.g., ∑BDE-10： 15–3500 ng/l in WEEE/Vehicle facilities and 1–250 ng/l in landfill sites）. landfill leachate exhibited similar concentrations as WEEE/vehicle sorting and defragmenting facility leachate. To better account for concentrations in leachates at the different facilities, waste-water partitioning coefficients, Kwastewere measured（for the first time to our knowledge for flame retardants）. WEEE and plastic waste had elevated Kwastecompared to other wastes, likely because flame retardants are directly added to these materials. The results of this study have implications for the development of strategies to reduce exposure and environmental emissions of flame retardants in waste and recycled products through improved waste management practices.

关键词： Brominated flame retardants Waste management Environmental emissions Atmospheric emissions Partitioning leachate

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Does the ecological concept of disturbance have utility in urban social-ecological-technological systems?

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第1期3卷 19-36页

作者： Nancy B.Grimm Steward T.A.Pickett Rebecca l.hale Mary l.Cadenasso School of life Sciences and Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability Arizona State UniversityTempeArizona 85287 USA Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies Box ABMillbrookNew York 12545 USA Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State UniversityPocatelloIdaho 83209 USA Department of Plant Sciences University of California at DavisDavisCalifornia 95616 USA

The ecological concept of disturbance has scarcely been applied in urban systems except in the erroneous but commonplace assumption that urbanization itself is a disturbance and cities are therefore perennially disturbed *** evaluate the usefulness of the concept in urban ecology by exploring how a recent conceptual framework for disturbance(Peters et al.2011,Ecosphere,2,art 81)applies to these social-ecological-technological systems(SETS).Case studies,especially from the long-Term Ecological Research sites of Baltimore and Phoenix,are presented to show the applicability of the framework for disturbances to different elements of these systems at different *** find that the framework is easily adapted to urban SETS and that incorporating social and technological drivers and responders can contribute additional insights to disturbance research beyond urban systems.

关键词： cities conceptual framework disturbance economic disruption fire flood land conversion legacy model social-ecological-technological systems urban vegetation urbanization

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Could cancer and infection be adverse effects of mesenchymal stromal cell therapy?

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第2期7卷 408-417页

作者： martha l Arango-Rodriguez Fernando Ezquer Marcelo Ezquer Paulette Conget Center for Regenerative Medicine School of Medicine Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells [also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)] are a heterogeneous subset of stromal cells. They can be isolated from bone marrow and many other types of tissue. MSCs are currently being tested for therapeutic purposes(i.e., improving hematopoietic stem cell engraftment, managing inflammatory diseases and regenerating damaged organs). Their tropism for tumors and inflamed sites and their context-dependent potential for producing trophic and immunomodulatory factors raises the question as to whether MSCs promote cancer and/or infection. Thisarticle reviews the effect of MSCs on tumor establishment, growth and metastasis and also susceptibility to infection and its progression. Data published to date shows a paradoxical effect regarding MSCs, which seems to depend on isolation and expansion, cells source and dose and the route and timing of administration. Cancer and infection may thus be adverse or therapeutic effects arising form MSC administration.

关键词： Cancer Infection Mesenchymal stem cells Therapy Biosafety

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Developing a platform to evaluate and assess the security of wearable devices

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Digital Communications and Networks 2019年第3期5卷 147-159页

作者： Matthew l. hale Kerolos lotfy Rose F. Gamble Charles Walter Jessica lin Department of Cybersecurity School of Interdisciplinary Informatics University of Nebraska at Omaha Omaha NE 68135 USA Tandy School of Computer Science University of Tulsa Tulsa OK 74104 USA

Operating in a body area network around a smartphone user, wearables serve a variety of commercial, medical and personal uses. Depending on a certain smartphone application, a wearable can capture sensitive data about the user and provide critical, possibly life-or-death, functionality. When using wearables, security problems might occur on hardware/software of wearables, connected phone apps or web services devices, or Bluetooth channels used for communication. This paper develops an open source platform called SecuWear for identifying vulnerabilities in these areas and facilitating wearable security research to mitigate them. SecuWear supports the creation, evaluation, and analysis of security vulnerability tests on actual hardwares. Extending earlier results, this paper includes an empirical evaluation that demonstrates proof of concept attacks on commercial wearable devices and shows how SecuWear captures the information necessary for identifying such attacks. Also included is a process for releasing attack and mitigation information to the security community.

关键词： Bluetooth lE Internet of things Man-in-the-middle attacks Security Vulnerability discovery Wearables

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