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Liver Lead Levels in snow Goose (Chen caerulescens) in a Wetland near the City of Durango, Mexico

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Open Journal of Animal sciences 2015年第1期5卷 30-35页

作者： martín emilio pereda-solís Alicia Zulema Cárdenas González José Hugo martínez Guerrero Luis Francisco sánchez Anguiano Federico Rosales Alférez Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Cuerpo Académico de Fauna Silvestre Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Durango México Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Durango México

The use of lead in ammunition for hunting exposes waterfowl to lead poisoning (plumbism) by accidental consumption of shotgun pellets. To test this hypothesis we sampled 18 liver tissue samples of snow Goose (Chen caerulescens) collected during the 2012-2013 hunting season in a wetland near the city of Durango, Mexico. We quantified liver lead levels using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer and portions of liver were fixed and stained for their histological study. Average lead concentration (in dry weight) were under the normal range (mean = 0.73 ± 0.2, standard error) which do not represent any risk of poisoning. Liver tissue injuries were not observed in the histopathological analysis, suggesting no reaction to a xenobiotic agent such as lead. Gastrointestinal content analysis showed lead pellet in the gizzard of one individual, but we could not find a relationship between pellet ingestion and lead concentration in the liver. Although the results did not provide evidences of lethal or sublethal effects caused by lead poisoning, they show a possible risk due to the presence of lead pellets in the digestive tract.

关键词： snow Goose Chen caerulescens Lead Poisoning Lead Pellets Ingestion Lead Concentration Liver

Adaptive phase field modelling of crack propagation in orthotropic functionally graded materials

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第1期17卷 185-195页

作者： Hirshikesh emilio martínez-Paneda sundararajan natarajan Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonSW72AZUK

In this work,we extend the recently proposed adaptive phase field method to model fracture in orthotropic functionally graded materials(FGMs).A recovery type error indicator combined with quadtree decomposition is employed for adaptive mesh *** proposed approach is capable of capturing the fracture process with a localized mesh refinement that provides notable gains in computational *** implementation is validated against experimental data and other numerical experiments on orthotropic materials with different material *** results reveal an increase in the stiffness and the maximum force with increasing material orientation *** study is then extended to the analysis of orthotropic *** is observed that,if the gradation in fracture properties is neglected,the material gradient plays a secondary role,with the fracture behaviour being dominated by the orthotropy of the ***,when the toughness increases along the crack propagation path,a substantial gain in fracture resistance is observed.

关键词： Functionally graded materials Phase field fracture Polygonal finite element method Orthotropic materials Recovery based error indicator

Morphometric Characterization of the Grasshopper sparrow (<i>Ammodramus savannarum</i>) and Baird’s sparrow (<i>Ammodramus bairdii</i>) during the Wintering season

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Open Journal of Ecology 2015年第12期5卷 574-581页

作者： Daniel sierra-Franco martin emilio pereda-solís José Hugo martínez-Guerrero Irene Ruvalcaba Ortega Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Cuerpo Académico de Fauna Silvestre Durango México Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Cuerpo Académico de Fauna Silvestre Durango México Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Cuerpo Académico de Ecología y Biodiversidad San Nicolás de los Garza México

Grassland bird populations have declined more than any other group of bird species in north America. some species such as the grasshopper (Ammodramus savannarum) and Baird’s sparrows (Ammodramus bairdii) are of particular conservation concern, since they have shown negative trends in their population over the last 50 years. Their winter ecology has only begun to be studied recently and information is limited. The purpose of this study is to achieve the morphometric characterization of these two grassland species during the wintering season. The study is conducted in the Rancho santa Teresa located in Villa Hidalgo, Durango, Mexico and the Ecological reserve “El Uno”, located in Janos, Chihuahua, Mexico. During winter 2013-2014, 135 birds were captured;banded and zoometric measurements were taken such as total body weight, wing chord, tail length, culmen, and beak depth and width. Two indices of body condition (BCI) are also calculated. All measurements and indices are compared per species and per sex. Both species are sexed with molecular techniques, determining 20 females and 18 males for A. bairdii and 41 females and 56 males for A. savannarum. All variables are significant different between species (p surements are not significantly different when comparing birds of different sexes (same species), with the exception of beak width of A. bairdii (p s weight, wing chord, tail length, as well as one of the body condition indices (BCI2) are significantly higher (p n females’ for both species. BCI1 shows significant differences (p n species and sexes in A. bairdii. The biometric data obtained in this study can be used as reference values wintering populations of both species.

关键词： Grasshopper sparrow Baird’s sparrow Wintering Morphometric Body Condition Index

Treatment of posterior urethral distractions defects following pelvic fracture

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Asian Journal of Urology 2018年第3期5卷 164-171页

作者： emilio Ríos Luís martínez-Pineiro Department of Urology Universitary Hospital Infanta SofiaMadridSpain Department of Urology Universitary Hospital La PazMadridSpain

Posterior urethral injuries typically arise in the context of a pelvic *** urethrography is the preferred diagnostic test in trauma patients with pelvic fracture where a posterior urethral rupture is *** fractures however preclude the adequate positioning of the patient on the X-ray table on admission and computed tomography scan with intravenous contrast and delayed films generally performed *** bladder catheter placement under ultrasound guidance should be performed whenever a posterior urethral disruption is *** diagnosis and proper acute management decrease the associated complications,such as strictures,urinary incontinence and erectile *** correct and appropriate initial treatment of associated urethral rupture is critical to the proper healing of the *** of a suprapubic cystostomy on admission and delayed anastomotic urethroplasty after 3e6 months continues to be the gold standard of *** this paper,we provide a comprehensive review of the literature with a special emphasis on the various treatments available:Open or endoscopic primary realignment,immediate or delayed urethroplasty after suprapubic cystostomy,and delayed optical urethrotomy.

关键词： Posterior urethral injuries Distractions defects Pelvic fracture Realignment Urethroplasty Optical urethrotomy

Prevention of de novo HBV infection by the presence of anti-HBs in transplanted patients receiving core antibody-positive livers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第13期12卷 2070-2074页

作者： Rafael Barcena Gloria Moraleda Javier Moreno M Dolores martín emilio de Vicente Jesús nuo M Luisa Mateos santos del Campo Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Ramón y Cajal Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de AlcaláCtra. Colmenar Km 9.128034 MadridSpain Digestive Diseases Hospital Universitario La Paz 28034 MadridSpain Department of surgery Hospital Ramón y Cajal Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Alcalá28034 MadridSpain Department of Microbiology Hospital Ramón y Cajal Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Alcalá28034 MadridSpain

AIM： To analyze whether the presence of anti-HBs in liver transplant recipients is effective in preventing HBV infection. METHODs： Twenty-three patients receiving anti-HBc positive liver were studied. nine recipients were anti-HBc positive as a result of previous HBV infection. Of them, one also received HBV vaccine during the pre-liver transplantation period. Fourteen recipients were anti-HBs positive due to HBV vaccine administered during the pretransplant period. Liver biopsy was obtained in 10/14 anti-HBc negative/anti-HBs positive recipients and in 4/9 anti-HBc positive recipients. REsULTs： After a mean foUow-up period of 46 months, 1 recipient with protective serum anti-HBs levels developed de novo HBV infection as a consequence of immune escape HBV mutants. Among the 14 vaccinated anti-HBc negative/anti-HBs positive recipients, 1/10 patients with available liver biopsy （10%） had liver HBV-DnA at 13 mo post-liver transplantation without serum viral markers and did not develop de novo HBV *** vaccinated anti-HBc positive recipient without HBV vaccine response was HBV-DnA positive in serum and liver, viral DnA was continuously negative in the following tests, so a spontaneous seroconversion was diagnosed. COnCLUsIOn： The presence of anti-HBs as a result of HBV vaccine or past HBV infection seems to be effective at protecting patients receiving livers from anti-HBc positive donors. However, the emergence of immune escape HBV mutants, which can evade the anti-HBs protection, should be considered as a risk of HBV infection.

关键词： HBV vaccine Liver transplantation De novo HBV infection Hepatitis B core antibody

Thrombin activation and liver inflammation in advanced hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第18期22卷 4427-4437页

作者： emilio González-Reimers Geraldine Quintero-Platt Candelaria martín-González Onán Pérez-Hernández Lucía Romero-Acevedo Francisco santolaria-Fernández servicio de Medicina Interna Hospital Universitario de Canarias Universidad de La Laguna

Hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection is associated with increased thrombotic risk. several mechanisms are involved including direct endothelial damage by the HCV virus, with activation of tissue factor, altered fibrinolysis and increased platelet aggregation and activation. In advanced stages, chronic HCV infection may evolve to liver cirrhosis, a condition in which alterations in the portal microcirculation may also ultimately lead to thrombin activation, platelet aggregation, and clot formation. Therefore in advanced HCV liver disease there is an increased prevalence of thrombotic phenomena in portal vein radicles. Increased thrombin formation may activate hepatic stellate cells and promote liver fibrosis. In addition, ischemic changes derived from vascular occlusion by microthrombi favor the so called parenchymal extinction, a process that promotes collapse of hepatocytes and the formation of gross fibrous tracts. These reasons may explain why advanced HCV infection may evolve more rapidly to end-stage liver disease than other forms of cirrhosis.

关键词： Coagulation Liver cirrhosis Hepatitis C virus Fibrogenesis Parenchymal extinction Portal thrombosis Protein C

Addition of phenolic compounds to bread: antioxidant benefits and impact on food structure and sensory characteristics

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Food Production, Processing and nutrition 2021年第1期3卷 314-325页

作者： Yesica A.Czajkowska–González emilio Alvarez–Parrilla nina del Rocío martínez–Ruiz Alma A.Vázquez–Flores Marcela Gaytán–martínez Laura Ade la Rosa Departament of Chemical Biological sciences Institute of Biomedical SciencesUniversidad Autónoma de Ciudad JuárezAnillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmos/nC.P.32310 Cd.JuárezMéxico Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República(PROPAC) Research and Graduate Studies in Food ScienceSchool of ChemistryUniversidad Autónoma de QuerétaroCentro UniversitarioCerro de las Campanas S/NC.P.76010 Santiago de QuerétaroMexico

The use of flours or phenolic extracts obtained from non-traditional sources or agri-food industry by-products has been a strategy used to formulate new bakery products with characteristics of a functional ***,phenolic compounds present great structural diversity,as well as the ability to interact in a complex way with the macromolecules that constitute the bread ***,the addition of these flours,extracts or pure compounds produces various effects on the microstructure of bread,and several of its sensory *** is mainly due to interactions between phenolic compounds and gluten *** objective of this review is to analyze some of the most recent published works on the addition of phenolic compounds in wheat bread to identify the type of positive and negative effects that have been observed and how they can be related to the physicochemical interactions between phenolic compounds and the macromolecules that constitute the food matrix,mainly *** effect of monomeric and polymeric phenolic compounds on the strength of these interactions and on the properties of dough and bread are discussed.

关键词： condensed tannins hydrolysable tannins phenolic acids gluten food rheology food texture protein-phenolic interactions disulfide bonds non-covalent interactions

Alcoholism: A systemic proinflammatory condition

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14660-14671页

作者： emilio González-Reimers Francisco santolaria-Fernández María Candelaria martín-González Camino María Fernández-Rodríguez Geraldine Quintero-Platt servicio de Medicina Interna Hospital Universitario de Canarias Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife 38320 Canary Islands Spain

Excessive ethanol consumption affects virtually any organ,both by indirect and direct *** research in the last two decades has widened the knowledge about the paramount importance of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of many of the systemic manifestations of *** cytokines derive primarily from activated Kupffer cells exposed to Gram-negative intestinal bacteria,which reach the liver in supra-physiological amounts due to ethanol-mediated increased gut *** oxygen species(ROs)that enhance the inflammatory response are generated both by activation of Kupffer cells and by the direct metabolic effects of *** effects of this increased cytokine secretion and ROs generation lie far beyond liver *** addition to the classic consequences of endotoxemia associated with liver cirrhosis that weredescribed several decades ago,important research in the last ten years has shown that cytokines may also induce damage in remote organs such as brain,bone,muscle,heart,lung,gonads,peripheral nerve,and *** effects are even seen in alcoholics without significant liver ***,alcoholism can be viewed as an inflammatory condition,a concept which opens the possibility of using new therapeutic weapons to treat some of the complications of this devastating and frequent *** this review we examine some of the most outstanding consequences of the altered cytokine regulation that occurs in alcoholics in organs other than the liver.

关键词： Alcoholism Cytokines Brain Bone Muscle Oxidative damage Atherosclerosis sepsis Lung Chronic pancreatitis Alcoholic liver disease

IBD5 polymorphisms in inflammatory bowel disease: Association with response to infliximab

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第8期11卷 1187-1192页

作者： Elena Urcelay Juan Luis Mendoza Alfonso martínez Laura Fernández Carlos Taxonera Manuel Díaz-Rubio emilio G.de la Concha Immunology Department Gastroenterology Department

AIM: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are multifactorial pathologies of unknown etiology. One susceptibility locus, IBD5, has been mapped to chromosome 5q31. We analyzed our spanish cohorts of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (DC) patients to determine whether this locus is associated with IBD, and to ascertain the main clinical phenotype influenced by this risk factor. The kind of interaction, either genetic heterogeneity or epistasis, between this IBD5 susceptibility region and the nOD2/CARD15 gene mutations was studied as well. Finally, we assessed whether this locus can predict response to infliximab therapy. METHODs: A case control study was performed with 274 CD and 211 UC patients recruited from a single center and 511 healthy ethnically matched controls. Two polymorphisms were genotyped in the IBD5 locus and three in the CARD15/nOD2 gene. REsULTs: Our results evidence association only with CD especially with the fistulizing phenotype and in the absence of nOD2/CARD15 variants (mutant allele frequency in patients vs controls: OR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.35-3.06, Pncy of the IBD5 homozygous mutant genotype significantly increased in CD patients lacking response to infliximab (RR = 3.88, 95% CI = 1.18-12.0, Pnts overall do not show association with 5q31 polymorphisms, although a similar trend to the one observed in CD is found within the worse prognosis group. COnCLUsIOn: The IBD5 variants may enhance an individual carrier's risk for CD, mainly in the absence of the nOD2/CARD15 mutations and in fistulizing patients. The data presented suggest the potential role of the 5q31 polymorphisms as markers of response to infliximab.

关键词： Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis 5q31 polymorphisms Infliximab