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Cadmium isotope fractionation reveals genetic variation in Cd uptake and translocation by Theobroma cacao and role of natural resistanceassociated macrophage protein 5 and heavy metal ATPase-family transporters

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horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2006-2016页

作者： Rebekah E.T.Moore Ihsan Ullah Vinicius hde Oliveira Samantha J.hammond Stanislav Strekopytov mark Tibbett Jim M.Dunwell mark Rehkämper Department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial CollegeLondon SW72BPUK School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingReading RG66BZUK School of Environment Earth and Ecosystem SciencesThe Open UniversityMilton Keynes MK76AAUK Imaging and Analysis Centre The Natural History MuseumLondon SW75BDUK Present address:Department of Plant Biology Institute of BiologyUniversity of CampinasCampinasSao Paulo 13083-970Brazil Present address:National Measurement Laboratory LGCQueen’s RoadTeddington TW110LYUK

In response to new European Union regulations,studies are underway to mitigate accumulation of toxic cadmium(Cd)in cacao(Theobroma cacao,Tc).This study advances such research with Cd isotope analyses of 19 genetically diverse cacao clones and yeast transformed to express cacao natural resistance-associated macrophage protein(NRAMP5)and heavy metal ATPases(hMAs).The plants were enriched in light Cd isotopes relative to the hydroponic solution withΔ^(114/110)Cd_(tot-sol)=−0.22±0.08‰.Leaves show a systematic enrichment of isotopically heavy Cd relative to total plants,in accord with closed-system isotope fractionation ofΔ^(114/110)C_(dseq-mob)=−0.13‰,by sequestering isotopically light Cd in roots/stems and mobilisation of remaining Cd to *** findings demonstrate that(i)transfer of Cd between roots and leaves is primarily unidirectional;(ii)different clones utilise similar pathways for Cd sequestration,which differ from those of other studied plants;(iii)clones differ in their efficiency of Cd *** yeast that expresses TcNRAMP5(*** natural resistance-associated macrophage gene)had isotopically lighter Cd than did *** suggests that NRAMP5 transporters constitute an important pathway for uptake of Cd by *** isotope signatures of transgenic yeast expressing hMA-family proteins suggest that they may contribute to Cd *** data are the first to record isotope fractionation induced by transporter proteins in vivo.

关键词： roots transformed signature

Size and time dependent internalization of label-free nano-graphene oxide in human macrophages

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Nano Research 2017年第6期10卷 1980-1995页

作者： Rafael G. Mendes Angelo Mandarino Britta Koch Anne K. Meyer Alicja Bachmatiuk Cordula hirsch Thomas Gemming Oliver G. Schmidt Zhongfan Liu mark h. Rummeli College of Physics Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China IFW Dresden Institute for Solid State and Materials Research P.O. Box D-01171 Dresden Germany Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials Polish Academy of Sciences M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34 Zabrze 41-819 Poland EMPA - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 9014 St. Gallen Switzerland Material Systems for Nanoelectronics Chemnitz University of Technology Reichenhainer Sir. 70 09107 Chemnitz Germany ing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Graphene oxide shows great promise as a material for biomedical applications, e.g., as a multi-drug delivery platform. With this in view, reports of studies on the interaction between nanosized graphene oxide flakes and biological cells are beginning to emerge. however, the number of studies remains limited, and most used labeled graphene oxide samples to track the material upon endocytosis. Unfortunately, the labeling process alters the surface functionality of the graphene oxide, and this additional funcfionalization has been shown to alter the cellular response. hence, in this work we used label-free graphene oxide. We carefully tracked the uptake of three different nanoscale graphene oxide flake size distributions using scanning/transmission electron microscopy. Uptake was investigated in undifferentiated human monocyte cells （ThP-1） and differentiated macrophage cells. The data show clear size dependence for uptake, such that larger graphene oxide flakes （and clusters） are more easily taken up by the cells compared to smaller flakes. Moreover, uptake is shown to occur very rapidly, within two min of incubation with ThP-1 cells. The data highlights a crucial need for cellular incubation studies with nanoparticles, to be conducted for short incubation periods as certain dependencies （e.g., size and concentration） are lost with longer incubation periods.

关键词： graphene oxide ThP-1 cells label-free uptake size dependence

Understanding temporal stability:a long-term analysis of USDA ARS watersheds

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第10期14卷 1243-1254页

作者： Evan J.Coopersmith Michael h.Cosh Patrick J.Starks David D.Bosch Chandra holifield Collins mark Seyfried Stan Livingston John Prueger Soil Insight LLCWashington D.C.USA USDA-Agricultural Research Service Beltsville Agricultural Research CenterHydrology and Remote Sensing LaboratoryBeltsvilleUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Grazinglands Research Laboratory El RenoUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory TiftonUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Southwest Watershed Research Center TucsonUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Northwest Watershed Research Laboratory BoiseUSA USDAAgricultural Research Service-National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory West LafayetteUSA USDA-Agricultural Research Service-National Laboratory for Agriculture and Environment AmesUSA

The *** of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service(USDAARS)maintains seven in situ soil moisture networks throughout the continental United States,some since *** networks are crucial for understanding the spatial and temporal extent of droughts in their historical context,parameterization of hydrologic models,and local agricultural decision ***,the estimates from these networks are dependent upon their ability to provide reliable soil moisture information at a large *** is also not known how many network stations are sufficient to monitor watershed scale ***,the objectives of this research were to:(1)determine how temporally stable these networks are,including the relationships between various sensors on a year-to-year and seasonal basis,and(2)attempt to determine how many sensors are required,within a network,to approximate the full network *** data from seven in situ,it is concluded that approximately 12 soil moisture sensors are sufficient in most environments,presuming their locations are distributed to capture the hydrologic heterogeneity of the *** is possible to install a temporary network containing a suitable number of sensors for an appropriate length of time,glean stable relationships between locations,and retain these insights moving forward with fewer sensor resources.

关键词： Soil moisture temporal stability in situ networks

Continuous succinic acid production from corn fiber hydrolysate by immobilized Actinobacillus succinogenes in a hollow fiber membrane packed‑bed biofilm reactor

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2023年第4期3卷 765-775页

作者： Lisbeth Vallecilla‑Yepez mark R.Wilkins Department of Biological Systems Engineering University of NebraskaLincolnNE 68583USA Department of Food Science and Technology University of NebraskaLincolnNE 68588USA Industrial Agricultural Products Center University of NebraskaLincolnNE 68583USA

Succinic acid is one of the most useful intermediate chemicals that can be produced in a biorefinery *** this study,Actinobacillus succinogenes was immobilized to produce succinic acid using non-detoxified corn fiber hydrolysate(CFh)and a control mimicking the sugars in *** were carried out in a hollow fiber membrane packed-bed biofilm reactor(hFM–PBR)operated in a continuous *** steady-state conditions,the bioconversion process was characterized in terms of sugar consumption,succinic acid and other organic acid *** states were obtained at dilution rates of 0.025,0.05,0.075,0.1,0.2,and 0.3 h^(-1).The optimal results were achieved at the dilution rate of 0.05 h^(-1)and recirculation rate of 50 ml/min with a maximum succinic acid concentration,yield and productivity of 31.1 g/L,0.61 g/g and 1.56 g/L h,respectively,when control was *** acid concentration,yield and productivity of 23.4 g/L,0.51 g/g and 1.17 g/L h,respectively,were obtained when CFh was *** in the hFM–PBR was between 1.3 and 1.9 times higher than productivities for succinic acid production from CFh stated in the *** results demonstrated that immobilized *** has the potential for effective conversion of an inexpensive biomass feedstock to succinic ***,the process has the potential to serve as a means for value-added chemical biomanufacturing in an integrated corn biorefinery.

关键词： Corn fiber Succinic acid Continuous fermentation hollow fiber membrane Biofilm Packed-bed reactor

In-situ observations of novel single-atom thick 2D tin membranes embedded in graphene

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Nano Research 2021年第3期14卷 747-753页

作者： Xiaoqin Yang huy Q.Ta Wei Li Rafael G.Mendes Yu Liu Qitao Shi Sami Ullah Alicja Bachmatiuk Jinping Luo Lijun Liu Jin-ho Choi mark h.Rummeli School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityNo.28Xianning West RoadXian710049China

There is ongoing research in freestanding single-atom thick elemental metal patches,including those suspended in a two-dimensional(2D)material,due to their utility in providing new structural and energetic insight into novel metallic 2D *** pores have shown promise as support systems for suspending such *** study explores the potential of Sn atoms to form freestanding stanene and/or Sn patches in graphene *** atoms were deposited on graphene,where they formed novel single-atom thick 2D planar clusters/patches(or membranes)ranging from 1 to 8 atoms within the graphene *** of three or more atoms adopted either a star-like or close-packed structural *** functional theory(DFT)calculations were conducted to look at the cluster configurations and energetics(without the graphene matrix)and were found to deviate from experimental observations for 2D patches larger than five *** was attributed to interfacial interactions between the graphene pore edges and Sn *** presented findings help advance the development of single-atom thick 2D elemental metal membranes.

关键词： in-situ transmission electron microscopy Sn atoms planar cluster graphene vacancy

Investigation of the anisotropic confinement-dependent brittleness of a Utah coal

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2021年第2期8卷 274-290页

作者： Bo-hyun Kim Gabriel Walton mark KLarson Steve Berry CDC/NIOSh 315 E.Montgomery Ave.SpokaneWAUSA Department of Geology and Geological Engineering Colorado School of MinesGoldenCOUSA Department of Geological Engineering Montana TechButteMTUSA

Changes of failure mechanism with increasing confinement,from extensional to shear-dominated failure,are widely observed in the rupture of intact specimens at the laboratory scale and in rock *** an analysis published in 2018,both unconfined and triaxial compressive tests were conducted to investigate the strength characteristics of 84 specimens of a Utah coal,including the spalling limits,the ratio of apparent unconfined compressive strength to unconfined compressive strength(UCS),the damage characteristics,and the post-yield *** mechanical characteristics were found to be strongly anisotropic as a function of the orientation of the cleats relative to the loading direction,defined as the included angle.A total of four different included angles were used in the work performed in *** authors found that the degree of anisotropic strength differed according to the included ***,the transition from extensional to shear failure at the given confinements was not clearly *** this study,a total of 20 specimens were additionally prepared from the same coal sample used in the previous study and then tested under both unconfined and triaxial compressive *** the authors already knew the most contrasting cases of the included angles from the previous work using the four included angles,they chose only two of the included angles(0°and 30°)for this *** the triaxial compressive tests,a greater confining stress than the mean UCS was applied to the specimens in an attempt to identify the brittle-ductile transition of the *** new results have been compiled with the previous results in order to re-evaluate the confinement-dependency of the coal ***,the different confining stresses are used as analogs for different width-to-height(W/h)conditions of pillar *** the W/h ratios of the specimens were not directly considered during testing,the equivalent W/h ratios of a pillar as a function of

关键词： Utah coal Spalling limit AUCS/UCS ratio Damage characteristic Post-yield dilatancy Anisotropic

金龙鱼(Scleropages:Osteoglossomorpha)化石的首次发现（英文）

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古脊椎动物学报 2017年第1期55卷 1-23页

作者：张江永 mark V h WILSON 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室北京100044 加拿大阿尔伯塔大学生物系美国洛约拉大学生物系

金龙鱼化石的鳞片和骨骼碎片在过去时有报道,但鉴定并非十分可靠,因为在骨舌鱼科鱼类中这些鳞片和骨骼十分相似。首次记述了保存完美的金龙鱼化石,标本产于湖南湘乡下湾铺组和湖北松滋洋溪组,确立为骨舌鱼科金龙鱼属一新种:中华金龙鱼Sc... 详细信息

金龙鱼化石的鳞片和骨骼碎片在过去时有报道,但鉴定并非十分可靠,因为在骨舌鱼科鱼类中这些鳞片和骨骼十分相似。首次记述了保存完美的金龙鱼化石,标本产于湖南湘乡下湾铺组和湖北松滋洋溪组,确立为骨舌鱼科金龙鱼属一新种:中华金龙鱼Scleropages sinensis ***.。新种与现生金龙鱼(Scleropages)在头部骨骼、尾骨骼、各鳍的形状和位置以及具有网状鳞片等方面极为相似,因而归入该属。然而,新种在以下特征上不同于金龙鱼的现生种:鼻骨无纹饰,鼻骨上的感觉管显露于沟内,感觉管联合不经过顶骨,翼耳骨侧向加厚,眶前骨上的感觉孔大,眼眶后的眶下骨不完全覆盖前鳃盖骨上支,其宽高比例为0.75而非现生种的1–1.2,前鳃盖骨后下角变尖,鳃盖骨后下缘凹形、下端变尖,匙骨背突长大,脊椎46–48,椎体横突短小,胸鳍十分长大,上下两端的尾鳍条和内部鳍条等长。亚洲的现生种发现于各种河流和小溪中,比较喜欢水草茂盛的静水环境,一般游弋于表层水中,以鱼虾、昆虫等为食,新种中华金龙鱼也应该有相似的生长环境和食性。新种似具有性二形性,雄鱼体形略纤细,头部略大,口裂更深。中华金龙鱼化石的发现,说明金龙鱼属(Scleropages)和骨舌鱼属(Osteoglossum)在早始新世以前就已经分化,这对解释骨舌鱼类的跨洋分布具有十分重要的意义。

关键词：湖南湖北早始新世下湾铺组洋溪组骨舌鱼类

Direct synthesis of large-area Al-doped graphene by chemical vapor deposition:Advancing the substitutionally doped graphene family

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1310-1318页

作者： Sami Ullah Yu Liu Maria hasan Wenwen Zeng Qitao Shi Xiaoqin Yang Lei Fu huy Q.Ta Xueyu Lian Jingyu Sun Ruizhi Yang Lijun Liu mark h.Rummeli College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China NUTECh School of Applied Sciences&humanities and Computer Engineering Department National University of TechnologyIslamabad 42000Pakistan Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials Polish Academy of SciencesM.Curie-Sklodowskiej 34Zabrze 41-819Poland School of Energy and Power Engineering Xian Jiaotong UniversityXian 710049China College of Chemistry and Molecular Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Institute for Complex Materials IFW Dresden 20 helmholtz Strasse Dresden 01069Germany Institute of Environmental Technology VSB-Technical University of Ostrava17.listopadu 15Ostrava 70833Czech Republic

Graphene doping continues to gather momentum because it enables graphene properties to be tuned,thereby affording new properties to,improve the performance of,and expand the application potential of *** can be chemically doped using various methods such as surface functionalization,hybrid composites(e.g.,nanoparticle decoration),and substitution doping,wherein C atoms are replaced by foreign ones in the graphene *** works have predicted that graphene could be substitutionally doped by aluminum(Al)atoms,which could hold promise for exciting applications,including hydrogen storage and evolution,and *** theoretical predictions suggest that Al substitutionally doped graphene(AIG)could serve as a material for gas sensors and the catalytic decomposition of undesirable ***,fabricating Al substitutionally doped graphene has proven challenging until ***,we demonstrate how controlled-flow chemical vapor deposition(CVD)implementing a simple solid precursor can yield high-quality and large-area monolayer AIG,and this synthesis is unequivocally confirmed using various characterization methods including local electron energy-loss spectroscopy(EELS).Detailed high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(hRTEM)shows numerous bonding configurations between the Al atoms and the graphene lattice,some of which are not theoretically ***,the produced AIG shows a CO_(2) capturability superior to those of other substitutionally doped graphenes.

关键词： aluminum-doped graphene single-solid precursor chemical vapor deposition carbon dioxide capture energy storage catalytic applications

The Use of high-Throughput Phenotyping for Assessment of heat Stress-Induced Changes in Arabidopsis

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Plant Phenomics 2020年第1期2卷 196-209页

作者： Ge Gao mark A.Tester Magdalena M.Julkowska Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering(BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

The worldwide rise in heatwave frequency poses a threat to plant survival and *** the new marker phenotypes that show reproducible response to heat stress and contribute to heat stress tolerance is becoming a *** this study,we describe a protocol focusing on the daily changes in plant morphology and photosynthetic performance after exposure to heat stress using an automated noninvasive phenotyping *** stress exposure resulted in an acute reduction of the quantum yield of photosystem II and increased leaf *** longer term,the exposure to heat also affected plant growth and *** tracking the recovery period of the WT and mutants impaired in thermotolerance(hsp101),we observed that the difference in maximum quantum yield,quenching,rosette size,and *** examining the correlation across the traits throughout time,we observed that early changes in photochemical quenching corresponded with the rosette size at later stages,which suggests the contribution of quenching to overall heat *** also determined that 6 h of heat stress provides the most informative insight in plant’s responses to heat,as it shows a clear separation between treated and nontreated plants as well as the WT and *** work streamlines future discoveries by providing an experimental protocol,data analysis pipeline,and new phenotypes that could be used as targets in thermotolerance screenings.

关键词： quenching impaired separation