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Growth rates of Eucalyptus and other Australian native tree species derived from seven decades of growth monitoring

Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第4期26卷 811-826页

作者： Michael R.Ngugi David Doley mark cant Daniel B.Botkin Ecological Sciences Queensland HerbariumDepartment of ScienceInformation Technology and InnovationQueensland Government Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation Sustainable Minerals InstituteThe University of Queensland Technical Services Pest ManagementDepartment of National ParksRecreationSport and RacingQueensland Government Department of Biology University of Miami

There is widespread interest in estimating and forecasting individual tree and forest growth rates for restoration and carbon sequestration objectives. Outside intensively managed forests, past attempts have been limited by the lack of accurate long-term monitoring in multi-age mixed native forests to provide estimates of both expected mean diameter increments and the statistical variation in those estimates. A dataset from Eucalyptus-dominated native forests in subtropical Queensland, Australia offers an opportunity to provide accurate estimates of tree and forest growth rates. Over 86,400 trees from 155 native species were identified and remeasured between 1936 and 2011 in 641 permanent sample plots across a 500-2000 mm mean annual rainfall gradient. Individual tree diameter at breast height （DBH） increments observed for all species ranged mainly from 0.01 to 0.5 cm yr-1 （94 % of values）, with consistentdifferences between rainfall zones （mean of 500- 2000 mm yr-1）, and varying differences between species （155） and stem diameter class （10-100 cm）. For some spe- cies, diameter increment increased progressively with rain- fall （e.g. Eucalyptus siderophloia, Eucalyptus propinqua, and Lophostemon confertus）, but in others （e.g. Corymbia citriodora subsp, variegata, Corymbia intermedia, and Eucalyptus biturbinata） the greatest diameter increments were recorded between 1200 and 1600 mm yr-1. Where there were sufficient data, most species exhibited a quadratic relationship between DBH increment and DBH class, but two species （ Callitris glaucophylla and Eucalyptus crebra） native to the 500-800 mm annual rainfall zone showed lin- ear increases in DBH increment with increasing DBH. Continued monitoring of these plots would add to their already great value.

关键词： Diameter increments Ecological restoration Forest management Eucalypt forests Natural forests

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Smelling fit： scent marking exposes parasitic infection status in the banded mongoose

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Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 237-247页

作者： Jessica MITCHELL Michael A. cant Emma I.K. VITIKAINEN Hazel J. NICHOLS School of Natural Sciences and Psychology Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 AF UK Centrefor Ecology and Conservation University of Exeter Penryn Campus TRIO 9FE UK

Preference for uninfected mates is presumed beneficial as it minimizes one's risk of contracting an infection and infecting one's offspring. In avian systems, visual ornaments are often used to indicate parasite burdens and facilitate mate choice. However, in mammals, olfactory cues have been proposed to act as a mechanism allowing potential mates to be discriminated by infection status. The effect of infection upon mammalian mate choice is mainly studied in captive rodents where experimental trials support preference for the odors of uninfected mates and some data suggest scent marking is reduced in individuals with high infection burdens. Nevertheless, whether such effects occur in nonmodel and wild systems remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate the interplay between parasite load (estimated using fecal egg counts) and scent marking behavior in a wild population of banded mongooses . Focusing on a costly protozoan parasite of the genus and the nematode worm , we first show that banded mongooses that engage in frequent, intensive scent marking have lower loads, suggesting marking behavior may be an indicator trait regarding infection status. We then use odor presentations to demonstrate that banded mongooses mark less in response to odors of opposite sexed individuals with high and loads. As both of these parasites are known to have detrimental effects upon the health of preweaned young in other species, they would appear key targets to avoid during mate choice. Results provide support for scent as an important ornament and mechanism for advertising parasitic infection within wild mammals.

关键词：寄生虫感染气味标记猫鼬哺乳动物野生种群配偶选择等孢球虫啮齿类动物

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Forecasting tropical cyclone wind hazards and impacts:Summary from the Tenth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-10)

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第2期12卷 113-122页

作者： Craig Earl-Spurr Andrea Schumacher Craig Arthur TArulalan Iosefo Cauravouvinaka Philippe Caroff mark DeMaria Jeff Kepert Monica Sharma Bureau of Meteorology West PerthAustralia Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsUSA Geoscience Australia CanberraAustralia India Meteorological Department Ministry of Earth SciencesNew DelhiIndia Fiji Meteorological Service NadiFiji Centre des Cyclones Tropicaux de La Reunion MeteoFranceSainte ClotildeFrance Bureau of Meteorology DocklandsAustralia

In this paper,we summarizeﬁndings from the Tenth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-10)subgroup on forecasting wind hazards and *** found that new approaches to TC wind hazard forecasts continue to be developed and are becoming an increasingly common product offered by operational *** add greater context to wind risk information for users,many operational and research centres are also working to develop impact-based forecasts that incorporate hazard,vulnerability,and exposure *** to develop tropical cyclone wind impact forecasts present resourcing challenges,and when compared to wind hazard forecasting,are generally still in their ***,both operational and research centres are extending signiﬁcant efforts to meet the strong public need for accurate predictions of TC wind hazards and impacts around the world.

关键词： Tropical cyclones Wind hazards Wind impacts Tropical cyclone forecasting

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引入新西兰的欧金翅雀的拒卵行为及其窝卵特征(英文)

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Chinese Birds 2012年第4期3卷 330-338页

作者： Peter SAMA Lenka POLAIKOV mark E.HAUBER Phillip CASSEY Tomá GRIM 捷克帕拉斯基大学动物学系鸟类学实验室捷克兽医及药科大学兽医学系美国纽约城市大学亨特学院生理学系和研究生中心澳大利亚阿德雷德大学地球与环境科学学院

那些有着确切的引入历史记录的鸟类种群,为研究生态环境的快速变化对其行为(例如对巢寄生的反应)和生活史特征(例如窝卵数和卵参数)的影响,提供了一个难得的机遇。我们比较了欧金翅雀(Carduelis chloris)在其原产地英国和引入新西兰的... 详细信息

那些有着确切的引入历史记录的鸟类种群,为研究生态环境的快速变化对其行为(例如对巢寄生的反应)和生活史特征(例如窝卵数和卵参数)的影响,提供了一个难得的机遇。我们比较了欧金翅雀(Carduelis chloris)在其原产地英国和引入新西兰的种群对外来卵的拒卵行为及其窝卵特征。尽管以往研究认为欧金翅雀不是大杜鹃的合适宿主,因而没有受到杜鹃寄生的选择压力,但我们却发现引入种群的欧金翅雀有拒卵行为(尽管拒卵比例较低)。欧金翅雀在原产地和引入地的弃巢比例没有差异,因此弃巢不是欧金翅雀应对巢寄生的策略。与以往研究不同,两地的窝卵数和卵大小没有显著差异。本文强调了在巢寄生实验中注意控制对照实验组的重要性。

关键词：反寄生行为鸟类巢寄生 Carduelis chloris 窝卵数交叉重复弃巢

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