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Microneedle-based devices for point-of-care infectious disease diagnostics

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第8期11卷 2344-2361页

作者： Rachael V.Dixon Eldhose Skaria Wing Man Lau Philip Manning Mark A.Birch-Machin S.Moein Moghimi Keng Wooi Ng School of Pharmacy Faculty of Medical SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne NE17RUUK Translational and Clinical Research Institute Faculty of Medical SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne NE24HHUK Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research Faculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PTUK

Recent infectious disease outbreaks,such as COVID-19 and Ebola,have highlighted the need for rapid and accurate diagnosis to initiate treatment and curb transmission.Successful diagnostic strategies critically depend on the efficiency of biological sampling and timely analysis.However,current diagnostic techniques are invasive/intrusive and present a severe bottleneck by requiring specialist equipment and trained personnel.Moreover,centralised test facilities are poorly accessible and the requirement to travel may increase disease transmission.Self-administrable,point-of-care(PoC)microneedle diagnostic devices could provide a viable solution to these problems.These miniature needle arrays can detect biomarkers in/from the skin in a minimally invasive manner to provide(near-)real-time diagnosis.Few microneedle devices have been developed specifically for infectious disease diagnosis,though similar technologies are well established in other fields and generally adaptable for infectious disease diagnosis.These include microneedles for biofluid extraction,microneedle sensors and analyte-capturing microneedles,or combinations thereof.Analyte sampling/detection from both blood and dermal interstitial fluid is possible.These technologies are in their early stages of development for infectious disease diagnostics,and there is a vast scope for further development.In this review,we discuss the utility and future outlook of these microneedle technologies in infectious disease diagnosis.

关键词： Microneedle Infectious disease Point-of-care diagnostics(PoC) Biomarker detection Skin Biosensor COVID-19

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The Wave Front Set Correspondence for Dual Pairs with One Member Compact

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第3期40卷 823-869页

作者： mark MCKEE Angela PASQUALE Tomasz PRZEBINDA Hammond Lane ProvidenceUT 84332USA Universite de Lorraine CNRSIECLF-57000 MetzFrance Department of Mathematics University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA

Let W be a real symplectic space and(G,G')an irreducible dual pair in Sp(W),in the sense of Howe,with G compact.Let G be the preimage of G in the metaplectic group Sp(W).Given an irreducible unitary representation II of G that occurs in the restriction of the Weil representation to G,let On denote its character.We prove that,for a suitable embedding T of Sp(W)in the space of tempered distributions on W,the distribution T(On)admits an asymptotic limit,and the limit is a nilpotent orbital integral.As an application,we compute the wave front set of II',the representation of G dual to II,by elementary means.

关键词： Reductive dual pairs Howe duality Weil representation wave front set orbital integrals

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Is Deep Time Geology Scientific?

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 700-703页

作者： T.mark Harrison Department of Earth Planetary and Space SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles90095USA

We all know what car mechanics do.They maintain and repair our automobiles according to established engineering practices.We all know what physicians do.They maintain and repair our bodies according to established medical practices.But what is it that I do as a scientist?Indeed,am I a scientist?The answer to these questions depends on what we meant by“science”.

关键词： maintain Deep repair

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Monomeric C-reactive protein:a link between chronic inflammation and neurodegeneration?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1643-1644页

作者： Nicoleta Arnaut Ylenia Pastorello mark Slevin George Emil Palade University of Medicine PharmacyScience and TechnologyTârgu MuresRomania Department of Anatomy and Embryology George Emil Palade University of MedicinePharmacyScience and TechnologyTârgu MuresRomania Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research(CCAMF) George Emil Palade University of MedicinePharmacyScience and TechnologyTârgu MuresRomania

Pre-diabetic insulin resistance is associated with sub-clinical inflammation and concomitant increase in systemic C-reactive protein(CRP)levels.Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients register even higher chronic levels of inflammation,with excess circulating CRP originating from both typical hepatic synthesis,and also visceral white adipose tissue.

关键词： inflammation reactive clinical

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Normal Crossings Singularities for Symplectic Topology:Structures

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第1期40卷 107-160页

作者： Mohammad FARAJZADEH-TEHRANI mark MCLEAN Aleksey ZINGER The University of Iowa MacLean HallIowa CityIA 52241 Department of Mathematics Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY 11794

Our previous papers introduce topological notions of normal crossings symplectic divisor and variety,show that they are equivalent,in a suitable sense,to the corresponding geometric notions,and establish a topological smoothability criterion for normal crossings symplectic varieties.The present paper constructs a blowup,a complex line bundle,and a logarithmic tangent bundle naturally associated with a normal crossings symplectic divisor and determines the Chern class of the last bundle.These structures have applications in constructions and analysis of various moduli spaces.As a corollary of the Chern class formula for the logarithmic tangent bundle,we refine Aluffi’s formula for the Chern class of the tangent bundle of the blowup at a complete intersection to account for the torsion and extend it to the blowup at the deepest stratum of an arbitrary normal crossings divisor.

关键词： Normal crossings divisor Chern class Logarithmic tangent bundle

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Electroactivity of the magnetotactic bacteria Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 and Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 103-110页

作者： Mathias Fessler Qingxian Su Marlene mark Jensen Yifeng Zhang Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering Technical University of DenmarkCopenhagenDK-2800Denmark

Magnetotactic bacteria reside in sediments and stratified water columns.They are named after their ability to synthesize internal magnetic particles that allow them to align and swim along the Earth’s magnetic field lines.Here,we show that two magnetotactic species,Magnetospirillum magneticum strain AMB-1 and Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense strain MSR-1,are electroactive.Both M.magneticum and M.gryphiswaldense were able to generate current in microbial fuel cells with maximum power densities of 27 and 11μW/m^(2),respectively.In the presence of the electron shuttle resazurin both species were able to reduce the crystalline iron oxide hematite(Fe_(2)O_(3)).In addition,M.magneticum could reduce poorly crystalline iron oxide(FeOOH).Our study adds M.magneticum and M.gryphiswaldense to the growing list of known electroactive bacteria,and implies that electroactivity might be common for bacteria within the Magnetospirillum genus.

关键词： Magnetotactic bacteria Magnetospirillum magneticum Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense Extracellular electron transfer Microbial fuel cells

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p38-MAPK and CDK5,signaling pathways in neuroinflammation:a potential therapeutic intervention in Alzheimer's disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1649-1650页

作者： Vlad Ionut Viorel Ylenia Pastorello Nosherwan Bajwa mark Slevin George Emil Palade University of Medicine PharmacyScience and TechnologyTârgu MuresRomania Department of Anatomy and Embryology George Emil Palade University of MedicinePharmacyScience and TechnologyTargu MuresRomania DIAKO Hospital FlensburgGermany Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research(CCAMF) George Emil Palade University of MedicinePharmacyScience and TechnologyTârgu MuresRomania Manchester Metropolitan University ManchesterUK

Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the most common type of dementia,affects millions of people worldwide,putting a significant strain on healthcare infrastructure and societal resources.AD is characte rized by the build-up of a... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ tau

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Complexity of the Contexts:Features of Private Tutoring and Units for Comparison in the GCC Countries of the Middle East

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ECNU Review of Education 2024年第1期7卷 42-65页

作者： mark Bray Anas Hajar East China Normal University&The University of Hong Kong Nazarbayev University

Purpose:Private supplementary tutoringwidely known as shadow education because of the ways in which it mimics regular schooling-is increasingly visible across the globe.The Middle East is no exception,though the phenomenon has received relatively little attention in the English-language literature.This article maps some key features of shadow education,identifying ways in which contextual forces have shaped it.Design/Approach/Methods:The article focuses on patterns across and within the six members of the Gulf Cooperation Council(GCC),namely Bahrain,Kuwait,Oman,Qatar,Saudi Arabia,and the United Arab Emirates.It draws on literature in both Arabic and English and shows the value of multipleunits of comparison.Findings:Private tutoring has a long history as a significant phenomenon in some GCC countries,but in others developed more recently.Some governments have had active policies to dampen the phenomenon,but with little success.Factors in the complex dynamics include social,economic andcultural forces.OriginalityValue:The article assembles literature from around the region,noting both commonalities and diversities among GCC members.It contributes to the global literature by providing the regional mapping from this specific part of the world and by showing comparisons with other world regions.

关键词： Cultural forces Gulf Cooperation Council Middle East policies private tutoring shadow education

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Cavity continuum

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 391-398页

作者： FAN CHENG VLADIMIR SHUVAYEV mark DOUVIDZON LEV DEYCH TAL CARMON School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6997801Israel Physics Department Queens College of CUNYFlushingQueensNew York 11367USA Solid State Institute Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel The Graduate Center of CUNY New YorkNew York 10016USA

We experimentally demonstrate and numerically analyze large arrays of whispering gallery resonators.Using fluorescent mapping,we measure the spatial distribution of the cavity ensemble’s resonances,revealing that light reaches distant resonators in various ways,including while passing through dark gaps,resonator groups,or resonator lines.Energy spatially decays exponentially in the cavities.Our practically infinite periodic array of resonators,with a quality factor(Q)exceeding 107,might impact a new type of photonic ensembles for nonlinear optics and lasers using our cavity continuum that is distributed,while having high-Q resonators as unit cells.

关键词： resonator cavity ensemble

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Climate-change habitat shifts for the vulnerable endemic oak species(Quercus arkansana Sarg.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 117-127页

作者： Suresh Chandra Subedi Seth Drake Binaya Adhikari mark V.Coggeshall Department of Biological Sciences Arkansas Tech UniversityRussellvilleARUSA Department of Biology University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA School of Natural Resources University of Missouri203 ABNR BuildingColumbiaMO 65211USA

Quercus arkansana(Arkansas oak)is at risk of becoming endangered,as the total known population size is represented by a few isolated populations.The potential impact of climate change on this species in the near future is high,yet knowledge of its predicted effects is limited.Our study utilized the biomod2 R package to develop habi-tat suitability ensemble models based on bioclimatic and topographic environmental variables and the known loca-tions of current distribution of Q.arkansana.We predicted suitable habitats across three climate change scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5)for 2050,2070,and 2090.Our findings reveal that the current suitable habitat for Q.arkansana is approximately 127,881 km^(2) across seven states(Texas,Arkansas,Alabama,Louisiana,Mississippi,Georgia,and Florida);approximately 9.5%is encompassed within state and federally managed protected areas.Our models predict that all current suitable habitats will disap-pear by 2050 due to climate change,resulting in a northward shift into new regions such as Tennessee and Kentucky.The large extent of suitable habitat outside protected areas sug-gests that a species-specific action plan incorporating pro-tected areas and other areas may be crucial for its conserva-tion.Moreover,protection of Q.arkansana habitat against climate change may require locally and regionally focused conservation policies,adaptive management strategies,and educational outreach among local people.

关键词： Biomod2 Climate change Conservation Habitat loss Habitat shift Species distribution modeling Oak species

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