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Nest box selection and reproduction of European Rollers in Central Italy: a 7-year study

Avian Research 2019年第2期10卷 126-137页

作者： Flavio Monti Luca Nelli Carlo Catoni Giacomo dell’Omo Ornis Italica Piazza Crati 1500199 RomeItaly Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of GlasgowGlasgow G12 8QQUK Department of Physical Sciences Earth and EnvironmentUniversity of SienaStrada Laterina853100 SienaItaly

Background: Changes and increased mechanisation of agricultural practices have influenced the biodiversity composition of farmland habitats and caused a decline of bird communities in many European countries. The removal of shrubs and large trees rich in natural cavities, has also led to a drastic decrease in nest site availability for cavity-nesting bird species. Nest-boxes are a common conservation tool used to improve nest-site availability, and have helped to reverse declines in many endangered bird populations. Nonetheless to maximize the results of such interventions it is crucial to know where nest-boxes should be sited. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the nest-box program for the European Roller (Coracias garrulus) population of Lazio region (Central Italy). More specifically, we focused on what landscape features were preferred (or avoided) in the process of nest box selection and how they influenced population’s breeding parameters. Particular attention was paid to identifying potential limitations and to provide management recommendations for future interventions. Methods: Using data from 70 nest boxes sited on power lines monitored over a 7-year period (representing 140 breeding attempts), we developed probability functions to evaluate if nest box location, in terms of distance from habitat resources and habitat composition and structure, had an effect on nest box occupancy and on the main reproductive parameters. Results: Nest boxes were more likely to be occupied if they were located near arable fields and in areas characterized by a higher amount of incoming solar radiation. Higher fledging success was associated with fallow fields and with a moderate/low habitat structural complexity. Higher breeding success was associated with solar radiation and with greater distance from urban areas. Conclusions: Our results highlight the importance of specific habitat variables in influencing nest occupancy, and show which driv

关键词： Breeding parameters Coracias garrulus Farmland birds Habitat selection Nest-boxes Power lines

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Cellular reprogramming and inherited peripheral neuropathies: perspectives and challenges

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第6期10卷 894-896页

作者： mario A.Saporta Department of Neurology Universidade Federal Fluminense

Inherited peripheral neuropathies （or Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, CMT） are a phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders, which are currently untreatable. They are the most common inherited neuromuscular disorder, affecting around 1 in every 2,500 people （over 120,000 people in the US）. Based on clinical neurophysiological and histopathological features, inherited neuropathies can be divided into two major forms： demyelinating （type 1） and axonal （type 2） CMT （Saporta, 2014）.

关键词： gene CMT Cellular reprogramming and inherited peripheral neuropathies perspectives and challenges LITAF

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Glyphosate as a direct or indirect activator of pro-inflammatory signaling and cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2212-2218页

作者： Yukitoshi Izumi Kazuko A.O'dell Charles F.Zorumski Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Glyphosate-based herbicides are widely used around the world, making it likely that most humans have significant exposure. Because of habitual exposure, there are concerns about toxicity including neurotoxicity that could result in neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive impairment. We recently found that a single injection of glyphosate inhibits long-term potentiation, a cellular model of learning and memory, in rat hippocampal slices dissected 1 day after injection, indicating that glyphosate-based herbicides can alter cognitive function. Glyphosate-based herbicides could adversely affect cognitive function either indirectly and/or directly. Indirectly, glyphosate could affect gut microbiota, and if dysbiosis results in endotoxemia(leaky gut), infiltrated bacterial by-products such as lipopolysaccharides could activate pro-inflammatory cascades. Glyphosate can also directly trigger pro-inflammatory cascades. Indeed, we observed that acute glyphosate exposure inhibits long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices. Interestingly, direct inhibition of long-term potentiation by glyphosate appears to be similar to that of lipopolysaccharides. There are several possible measures to control dysbiosis and neuroinflammation caused by glyphosate. Dietary intake of polyphenols, such as quercetin, which overcome the inhibitory effect of glyphosate on long-term potentiation, could be one effective strategy. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss possible mechanisms underlying neurotoxicity following glyphosate exposure as a means to identify potential treatments.

关键词： cognitive impairment glyphosate microglia neuroinflammation roundup toll-like receptor 4 zinc chelation

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Revisiting the theoretical prediction of the explosive performance found by the Trauzl test

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 163-174页

作者： Ivana Dobrilovic mario Dobrilovic Muhamed Suceska Faculty of Mining Geology and Petroleum EngineeringDepartment of Mining Engineering and GeotechnicsUniversity of ZagrebPierottijeva 6Zagreb10000Croatia

The Trauzl lead block test allows the determination of the approximate performance of explosives in blasting applications by measuring the volume increase(expansion)that is produced by the detonation of an explosive charge in the cavity of a lead *** this paper,we reconsider the possibility of interpreting the Trauzl test results in terms of detonation parameters or *** detonation parameters used in the analysis are calculated using the thermochemical code EXPLO5,while the hydrocode AUTODYN is used to simulate the effect of explosive charge density and reaction rate on the results of the Trauzl *** increase in the volume of the lead block cavity was found to correlate best with the product of the detonation heat and the root of the volume of detonation *** simulation showed that the density of explosive charge and the rate of explosive decomposition affect the dynamics of the interaction of the detonation product and the lead block,and consequently the lead block cavity volume increase.

关键词： Trauzl lead block test Performance of explosives EXPLO5 AUTODYN Detonation heat

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Candidate Biomarkers of Liver Fibrosis: A Concise, Pathophysiology-oriented Review

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第3期6卷 317-325页

作者： Mattia Bellan Luigi mario Castello mario Pirisi Department of Translational Medicine Universita del Piemonte Orientale UPONovaraItaly Division of Internal Medicine “Sant'Andrea Hospital”VercelliItaly IRCAD Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune DiseasesNovaraItaly Emergency Medicine Department “AOU Maggiore della Carita”NovaraItaly Division of Internal Medicine “AOU Maggiore della Carita”NovaraItaly

Repair of sustained liver injury results in fibrosis(*** accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins),and ultimately the complete distortion of parenchymal architecture of the liver,which we call *** and staging of fibrosis is thus a mainstay in the management of chronic liver diseases,since many clinically relevant decisions,such as starting treatment and/or monitoring for complications including hepatocellular carcinoma,may depend on *** gold standard for fibrosis staging is liver biopsy,the role of which,however,is questioned nowadays because of cost,hazards and poor acceptance by *** the other hand,imaging techniques and/or measurement of direct and indirect serum markers have not proved to be completely satisfactory under all circumstances as alternatives to liver *** progress in this field is nowmore crucial than ever,since treatments for established fibrosis appear on the *** dissection of the pathways involved in the pathophysiology of liver diseases has put forward several novel candidate biomarkers of liver fibrosis,such as growth arrest-specific6,Mac-2-binding protein,osteopontin,placental growth factor,growth/differentiation factor 15 and hepatocyte growth *** molecules have been suggested to have potential to complement or substitute methods currently used to stage liver ***,we review the pros and cons for their use in this setting.

关键词： Liver fibrosis Staging Biomarkers Gas6 HGF PlGF

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Modeling the arc and ring structures in the HD 143006 disk

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第6期65卷 137-149页

作者： Yao Liu mario Flock Min Fang Purple Mountain Observatory&Key Laboratory for Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie Heidelberg D-69117Germany

Rings and asymmetries in protoplanetary disks are considered as signposts of ongoing planet *** this work,we con-duct three-dimensional radiative transfer simulations to model the intriguing disk around HD143006 that has three dust rings and a bright arc.A complex geometric configuration,with a misaligned inner disk,is assumed to account for the asymmetric *** two-dimensional surface density is constructed by iteratively fitting the ALMA *** find that the dust tem-perature displays a notable discontinuity at the boundary of the *** ring masses range from 0.6 to 16 M⊕that are systematically lower than those inferred in the younger HL Tau *** arc occupies nearly 20%of the total dust *** a high mass fraction of dust grains concentrated in a local region is consistent with the mechanism of dust trapping into *** a gas-to-dust mass ratio of 30 that is constant throughout the disk,the dense and cold arc is close to the threshold of being gravitationally unstable,with the Toomre parameter Q∼***,our estimate of Q relies on the assumption for the unknown gas-to-dust mass *** a lower gas-to-dust mass ratio would increase the inferred Q ***-up high resolution observations of dust and gas lines are needed to clarify the origin of the substructures.

关键词： protoplanetary disks radiative transfer planet formation

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Compact Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state generation via frequency com bs and graph theory

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Frontiers of physics 2020年第6期15卷 43-46页

作者： Xuemei Gu mario Krenn Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Chemistry&Computer Science Uni-versity of TorontoTorontoONM5S 3H6CanadaVector Institute for Artificial IntelligenceTorontoONM5S 1M1Canada

Quantum entanglement is one of the most mind-boggling phenomena predicted by quantum *** says that two particles can infuence each other,even though they are separated over large *** disbelieve,Einstein called this prediction spooky action at a distance[1].In the 1960s,Bell has demonstrated that quant um mechanics indeed seems to conflict with our classical worldview,which is local(information can be transmitted maximally with the speed of light)and realistic(properties exist prior to and independent of their measurement)[2].

关键词： maximal separated quantum

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Blood extracellular vesicles (EVs) of central nervous system origin: a window into the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第1期15卷 55-56页

作者： Cristina Agliardi mario Clerici IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi MilanoItaly(Agliardi CClerici M) Department of Pathophisiology and Transplantation University of MilanMilanoItaly(Clerici M)

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are heterogeneous nano-sized vesicles of endocytic origin shed into blood and other body fluids such as urine,saliva,seminal fluid,ascites,amniotic liquid,synovial fluid,breast milk and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)by quite all cell *** actively contribute to intercellular communication as they carry bioactive molecules that are selectively incorporated by the originating cell and are delivered to recipient cells over long and short distances(Simons and Raposo,2009).EVs can be divided into three main groups according to their size and cellular origin:1)exosomes(40–120 nm),that have an endocytic origin and are formed by inward budding of the limiting membrane of multivescicular bodies,which fuse with the plasma membrane and release exosomes into the extracellular space;2)microvesicles(50–1000 nm),budding directly off the plasma membrane;3)apoptotic bodies(>1000 nm),which are released during *** originating via distinct processes,different subtypes of EVs carry different proteins within their membrane and luminal compartments that reflect the phenotype of the tissue of origin.

关键词： Blood urine origin

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Mixed Phase Anatase/rutile Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene-blue

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Nano-Micro Letters 2011年第4期3卷 236-241页

作者： mario Boehme Wolfgang Ensinger Department of Materials Science Darmstadt University of Technology

Titanium dioxide Nanotubes(TNTs) prepared by electroless deposition have been annealed at air ambient and low temperature. As a result, the anatase/rutile phase composition of the TNTs can be tailored to the needs of later applications. Nanotubes with anatase/rutile mixed phase ratio of 4:1 have been produced in this report and further examined for their photocatalytical behavior. The photocatalytical properties of the TNTs have been observed by degradation of methylene-blue in aqueous solution under low power UV-light irradiation. The results shown in this report are based on the synergetic effect between rutile and anatase,which results in the mixed phase TiO 2 nanotubes having enhanced photocatalytical properties.

关键词： Electroless deposition Degussa P25 Nanotubes Titanium dioxide Anatase

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Multifunctional nanocomposites modulating the tumor microenvironment for enhanced cancer immunotherapy

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第1期31卷 440-462页

作者： Prashant Sharma mario Otto Department of Child Health University of Arizona College of Medicine-PhoenixABC1 Building425 N 5th StreetPhoenixAZ85004USA Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders(CCBD) Phoenix Children’s1919 E Thomas RdPhoenixAZ85016USA

Cancer immunotherapy has gained momentum for treating malignant tumors over the past *** blockade and chimeric antigen receptor cell therapy(CAR-T)have shown considerable potency against liquid and solid ***,the tumor microenvironment(TME)is highly immunosuppressive and hampers the effect of currently available cancer immunotherapies on overall treatment *** in the design and engineering of nanomaterials have opened new avenues to modulate the *** in the current nanocomposite technology can overcome immunosuppression and trigger robust immunotherapeutic responses by integrating synergistic functions of different *** will review recent advancements in nanomedical applications and discuss specifically designed nanocomposites modulating the TME for cancer *** addition,we provide information on the current landscape of clinical-stage nanocomposites for cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： Tumor microenvironment Nanocomposites Immunotherapeutic Cancer Immunosuppressive

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