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Hypothetical mode of action of earthworm extract with hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第2期9卷 141-147页

作者： mariappan balamurugan Kasi PARTHASARATHI Lalpet Souri RANGANATHAN Edwin L. COOPER Division of Vermibiotechnology Department of Zoology Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar-608002 India VLB Janakiammal College of Arts and Science Kovaipudur Coimbatore-641042 India Laboratory of Comparative Immunology Department of Neurobiology UCLA Medical Centre University of California Los Angeles California 90095-1763 USA

The hepatoprotective potential of earthworm extract (EE) (Lampito mauritii, Kinberg) was evaluated against paracetamol-induced liver injury in Wistar albino rat, in comparison with silymarin, the standard hepatoprotective drug. We observed a reduction in liver antioxidants, such as glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) and in serum total protein, and an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum aspertate aminotranferase (AST), serum alanine aminotranferase (ALT), bilirubin and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) due to liver injury in the paracetamol-administered rats (2 g/kg). On the contrary, increased activities of liver GSH, SOD, GPx, CAT and serum total protein level, and decrease in the contents of serum ALP, AST, ALT, bilirubin and liver TBARS were observed in rats administered with different doses of EE (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg), which are similar to the activities of hepato-protective drug silymarin (150 mg/kg). The mode of action of EE as evidenced by the above parameters may suggest that EE, on the one hand, prevents the formation of the reactive oxygen groups, or scavenges these groups, thereby preventing the damage on the hepatic cells, and, on the other hand, modulates the genes responsible for synthesis of antioxidant enzymes such as GPx, CAT and SOD in liver tissue and decreases the serum enzymatic activities such as ALP, AST and ALT.

关键词： Earthworm extract Hepatoprotective potential Antioxidant Paracetamol Lipid peroxidation

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Notch signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma:molecular targetingin an advanced disease

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Hepatoma Research 2015年第1期1卷 11-18页

作者： Kevin M.Sokolowski mariappan balamurugan Selvi Kunnimalaiyaan T.Clark Gamblin Muthusamy Kunnimalaiyaan Department of Surgery Division of Surgical OncologyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226USA

The use of alternative therapeutic approaches in advanced carcinogenesis is a growing investigative *** such cancer,primary liver cancer,is one of the most commonly occurring cancers worldwide and often presents in late stage disease consequently preventing traditional curative *** a result,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),representing the majority of primary liver cancer,is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths *** rates are linked to stage of presentation as well as concomitant cirrhosis limiting the 5-year survival in these patients to<20%.Alternative strategies are in dire need as patients in this cohort have limited palliative ***,sorafenib is the only approved systemic therapy;however,it has a limited survival advantage and low effi cacy prompting the empirical need for further *** of cancer therapy has led to an enhanced focus on the Notch pathway as a potential target for advanced *** signaling is a critical component of development and cell fate and has been linked to various modalities including liver regeneration and as a key driver in *** this review,we will provide a review of the current status of the Notch signaling in liver cancer and of Notch as an alternative potential strategy for advanced HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma liver regeneration Notch inhibitors Notch signaling sorafenib

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High-temperature elemental segregation induced structure degradation in high-entropy fluorite oxide

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第3期13卷 310-322页

作者： Yixuan Hu mariappan Anandkumar Yumeng Zhang Joydip Joardar Atul Suresh Deshpande Xiaodong Wang Kolan Madhav Reddy School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology HyderabadSangareddy 502285India International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials(ARCI) Hyderabad 500005India

Fluorite-structured oxides constitute an important category of oxides with a wide range of high-temperature *** the concept of high entropy,high-entropy fluorite oxides(HEFOs)have showcased intriguing high-temperature application ***,unlocking this potential necessitates an assessment of their long-term stability under high-temperature *** this study,we conducted a prolonged heat treatment at 1000℃on typical HEFO,specifically(CeHfZrGdLa)O_(x).After 100 h,high-intensity X-ray diffraction(XRD)revealed a transition from a single-phase fluorite to a multi-phase *** investigation by analytical electron microscoy(AEM)demonstrated that this degradation resulted from facilitated element diffusion and consequent escalating chemical fluctuation at high temperatures,leading to spontaneous segregation and separation of Ce and La elements,forming Ce-rich,La-poor,and La-rich ***,the La-rich phase spontaneously transformed from a fluorite structure(space group Fm3m)to a bixbyite structure(space group Ia3)at elevated temperatures,resulting in the appearance of superstructure reflection in XRD profiles and electron diffraction *** the intricate phase decomposition,the energy band gap showed minimal variation,suggesting potential property stability of(CeHfZrGdLa)O_(x)across a broad range of *** findings offer valuable insights into the future applications of HEFOs.

关键词： phase transition high-temperature stability elemental segregation high-entropy fluorite oxides(HEFOs)

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Gut microbiome:A revolution in typeⅡdiabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1874-1888页

作者： Madhan Jeyaraman Tejaswin mariappan Naveen Jeyaraman Sathish Muthu Swaminathan Ramasubramanian Gabriel Silva Santos Lucas Furtado da Fonseca JoséFábio Lana Department of Orthopaedics ACS Medical College and HospitalDr MGR Educational and Research InstituteChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Brazilian Institute of Regenerative MedicineIndaiatuba 13334-170São PauloBrazil Department of Orthopaedics Orthopaedic Research GroupCoimbatore 641045Tamil NaduIndia Department of Community Medicine Government Stanley Medical College and HospitalChennai 600001Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeKarur 639004Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of EngineeringKarpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeOmandurar Government EstateChennai 600002Tamil NaduIndia

TypeⅡdiabetes mellitus(T2DM)has experienced a dramatic increase globally across countries of various income levels over the past three *** persistent prevalence of T2DM is attributed to a complex interplay of genetic and environmental *** numerous pharmaceutical therapies have been developed,there remains an urgent need for innovative treatment approaches that offer effectiveness without significant adverse *** this context,the exploration of the gut microbiome presents a promising *** has increasingly shown that the gut microbiome of individuals with T2DM exhibits distinct differences compared to healthy individuals,suggesting its potential role in the disease’s pathogenesis and *** emerging field offers diverse applications,particularly in modifying the gut environment through the administration of prebiotics,probiotics,and fecal microbiome *** interventions aim to restore a healthy microbiome balance,which could potentially alleviate or even reverse the metabolic dysfunctions associated with *** current results from clinical trials have not yet shown dramatic effects on diabetes management,the groundwork has been laid for deeper *** and future clinical trials are critical to advancing our understanding of the microbiome’s impact on *** further elucidating the mechanisms through which microbiome alterations influence insulin resistance and glucose metabolism,researchers can develop more targeted *** potential to harness the gut microbiome in developing new therapeutic strategies offers a compelling prospect to transform the treatment landscape of T2DM,potentially reducing the disease’s burden significantly with approaches that are less reliant on traditional pharmaceuticals and more focused on holistic,systemic health improvements.

关键词： TypeⅡdiabetes Gut microbiome Probiotics Prebiotics Fecal microbiota transplantation

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Promising Antiviral Molecules from Ayurvedic Herbs and Spices against COVID-19

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第4期27卷 243-244页

作者： mariappan Rajan Prashant Gupta Awanish Kumar University Madurai-625021(TN)India Department of Balroga Shri NPA Govt.Ayurveda CollegeRaipur-492010(CG)India Department of Biotechnology National Institute of TechnologyRaipur-492010(CG)India

COVID-19 is caused by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)and smashed our society *** efforts/measures have been taken worldwide to control coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)but it is spreading ceaselessly across the ***,Chinese medicine was used to treat COVID-19 and they found better recovery *** has also drawn the attention of the scientific community to Ayurveda where traditional knowledge of this domain can be explored for finding COVID-19 a cure or prevention.

关键词： acute respiratory COV

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Near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics as influenced by conventional and conservation tillage practices in North-West Himalayan region,India

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第2期9卷 249-259页

作者： Deepak Singh Alok Kumar Mishra Sridhar Patra Sankar mariappan Nisha Singh ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Dehradun248195UttarakhandIndia Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and SciencesPrayagraj211007U.PIndia Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University(A Central University) Srinagar(Garhwal)246174UttarakhandIndia

Tillage plays an important role in modifying soil hydraulic *** objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of conservation tillage practices in a maize-wheat cropping system on nearsaturated soil hydraulic properties and pore characteristics in the North-West Himalayan region,*** treatments *** tillage(CT),minimum tillage(MT),and zero tillage(ZT)were evaluated in terms of field saturated hydraulic conductivity(ks),unsaturated hydraulic conductivity k(h),the inverse of capillary length(a),flow-weighted mean pore radius(r0),numbers of pores per square meter(n0)and water-conducting macroporosity(Ɛ).The above hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics were derived from steady-state water flux(q)measured using hood infiltrometer at 0,1,and3 cm pressure head for each treatment after seven years of establishment of this tillage *** revealed significantly(p0.50 mm conducted about 63.60,68.01,and 75.97%of total flow(at 0 cm pressure head)in the corresponding water-conducting macroporosity of 0.00030,0.00044,and 0.00069%of soil volume under CT,MT,and ZT,***,zero-tillage based agriculture system was found to improve near-saturated soil hydraulic properties.

关键词： Near-saturated hydraulic conductivity Macropores Tillage Flow weighted mean pore radius Water-conducting macroporosity

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Locoregional treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current evidence and future directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第32期25卷 4614-4628页

作者： Riccardo Inchingolo Alessandro Posa Martin mariappan Stavros Spiliopoulos Division of Interventional Radiology Department of RadiologyMadonna delle Grazie HospitalMatera 75100Italy Department of Radiology King′s College HospitalLondon SE5 9RSUnited Kingdom Department of Radiology IRCSS Fatebenefratelli HospitalRoma 00186Italy Interventional Radiology Department Aberdeen Royal Infirmary HospitalAberdeen AB25 2ZNUnited Kingdom 2nd Radiology Department School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensChaidari Athens 12461Greece

Liver cancers are the second most frequent cause of global cancer-related mortality of which 90%are attributable to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Despite the advent of screening programmes for patients with known risk factors,a substantial number of patients are ineligible for curative surgery at presentation with limited outcomes achievable with systemic chemotherapy/external *** has led to the advent of numerous minimally invasive options including but not limited to trans-arterial chemoembolization,radiofrequency/microwave ablation and more recently selective internal radiation therapy many of which are often the first-line treatment for select stages of HCC or serve as a conduit to liver *** authors aim to provide a comprehensive overview of these various image guided minimally invasive therapies with a brief focus on the technical aspects accompanied by a critical analysis of the literature to assess the most up-to-date evidence from comparative systematic reviews and meta-analyses finishing with an assessment of novel combination regimens and future directions of travel.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis Liver Interventional oncology Transarterial chemo embolization Selective internal radiation therapy Ablation

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Effect of growing media on seed germination and vigor in biofuel tree species

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第4期25卷 909-913页

作者： N. mariappan P. Srimathi L. Sundaramoorthi K. Sudhakar Department of Forestry Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture Manakkadavu Pollachi -642103 Tamil Nadu India Department of Seed Science and Technology Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture Manakkadavu Pollachi -642103 Tamil Nadu India

To evaluate laboratory germination media, seed germi- nation rates and methodology for both Jatropha curcas and Pongamia pinnata were counted in different germination medium, such as river sand, quartz sand and vermiculite. The seeds of both species were sown at 2-cm depth of river sand, quartz sand and vermiculite. We evaluated methodologies of seeds of J. curcas and P. pinnata by ISTA （Interna- tional Seed Testing Association）. The results showed that river sand is the best medium for tree seeds planted at 2-cm depth of River sand. Vermiculite was second best. On paper media, there were many abnor- mal seedlings and this media were unsuitable for germination of the larger seeds.

关键词： Jatropha curcas Pongamia pinnata germination media normal seedlings

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Spatial variability of soil hydraulic and physical properties in erosive sloping agricultural fields

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Water Science and Engineering 2023年第1期16卷 57-66页

作者： Deepak Singh Alok Kumar Mishra Sridhar Patra Sankar mariappan Nisha Singh Saswat Kumar Kar ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Dehradun 248195India Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and SciencesPrayagraj 211007India Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University Srinagar(Garhwal)246174India

It is essential to minimize soil quality degradation in sloping agricultural fields through stabilization and improvement of soil hydraulic properties using sustainable soil *** study aimed to analyze the impact of different tillage practices,including conventional tillage(CT),minimum tillage(MT),and zero tillage(ZT),on soil hydraulic conductivity in a sloping agricultural field under maizeewheat *** results showed that the highest runoff volume(257.40 m3),runoff coefficient(42.84%),and soil loss(11.3 t)were observed when the CT treatment was *** contrast,the lowest runoff volume(67.95 m3),runoff coefficient(11.35%),and soil loss(1.05 t)were observed when the ZT treatment was *** soil organic carbon and aggregate mean weight diameter were found to be significantly greater(with mean values of 0.79%and 1.19 mm,respectively)with the ZT treatment than with the CT *** the tilled treatments(CT and MT),substantial changes in the saturated soil hydraulic conductivity(ks),near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity(k),and water-conducting porosity(ε)were observed between two crop *** three soil parameters were significantly higher in the period after maize harvesting than in the wheat growing *** contrast,no significant difference in these soil parameters was found when the untilled treatment(ZT)was carried *** regard to the slope positions,ks,k,andεshowed different behaviors under different *** toe slope position showed significantly lower ks andεvalues than the summit and middle slope *** the evaluated tillage practices,ZT was found to be the most promising means to improve the soil hydro-physical properties and effectively reduce surface runoff and soil erosion.

关键词： Hydraulic conductivity Macropore Conservation tillage Spatiotemporal variability Soil erosion

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Overcoming ischemia in the diabetic foot:Minimally invasive treatment options

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第12期12卷 2011-2026页

作者： Stavros Spiliopoulos Georgios Festas Ioannis Paraskevopoulos Martin mariappan Elias Brountzos Second Department of Radiology Interventional Radiology UnitAttikon University HospitalAthens 12461Greece Department of Clinical Radiology Interventional Radiology UnitAberdeen Royal InfirmaryNHS GrampianAberdeen AB252ZNUnited Kingdom Second Department of Radiology School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 12461Greece

As the global burden of diabetes is rapidly increasing,the incidence of diabetic foot ulcers is continuously increasing as the mean age of the world population increases and the obesity epidemic advances.A significant percentage of diabetic foot ulcers are caused by mixed micro and macro-vascular dysfunction leading to impaired perfusion of foot *** untreated,chronic limb-threatening ischemia has a poor prognosis and is correlated with limb loss and increased mortality;prompt treatment is *** this review,the diagnostic challenges in diabetic foot disease are discussed and available data on minimally invasive treatment options such as endovascular revascularization,stem cells,and gene therapy are examined.

关键词： Diabetic foot Peripheral artery disease Critical limb ischemia Endovascular revascularization techniques Gene and stem cells delivery Hyperbaric oxygen treatment

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