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Influence of the Extraction Process on the Characteristics of Romanian Mountain Walnut Oil

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第10期15卷 940-967页

作者： Anne-Gaëlle Gambert Sabina Niţu Andra Tămaș maria laura fanani Justine Dupré Clara Delepine Ludovic Chaveriat Patrick Martin Lucian Rusnac Department of Chemistry University of Artois IUT Bthune Bthune France Department of Applied Chemistry and Engineering of Organic and Natural Compounds Politehnica University Timisoara Timisoara Romania Departamento de Qumica Biolgica Ranwel Caputto Facultad de Ciencias Qumicas Universidad Nacional de Crdoba Crdoba Argentina Centro de Investigaciones en Qumica Biolgica de Crdoba (CIQUIBIC) CONICET Crdoba Argentina Unit Transformations & AgroressourcesULR7519 University of Artois UniLaSalle Bthune France

The objective of this work is to extract walnut oil using various processes in order to compare the influence on the nature of the components extracted, and thus identify the areas of potential use. We carried out the extractions by mechanical process, thanks to a press in reduced model provided with a worm. We obtained cold extracted oil whose characteristics slightly diverge from extra virgin oil found in shops in Romania, but its composition is similar. We were also able to extract by chemical process using two methods, Folch and Soxhlet. Commercially available table walnut oils are only cold extracted to avoid the presence of solvents. Those are difficult to remove and strongly oxidize the oil. Currently, consumers appreciate walnut oil for its taste and nutritional qualities. In nutrition, this oil is put forward for its composition rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are needed for human body. Food supplements made from walnut oil are available today. For the moment, this is the only use of walnut oil. Indeed, there are some studies on other fields of application, but they remain in the field of research and nothing has yet been commercialized. In this present study, we compared the chemical and physical properties of cold-extracted oil with the solvent extraction of walnut kernel originating from the mountain region of Rumania. The cold extracted oil has a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (63%) and monounsaturated fatty acids (30%), a very low level of saturated fatty acid (7%) and no content of linolenic acid. The Soxhlet and Folch methods produced slightly different oils with increased amounts of minor components, which changes their characteristic. Even when solvent-extracted oils do not meet the standard criteria imposed by the Codex Alimentarius, they offer a possible use in the fields of food, cosmetics industries and biomedicine.

关键词： Walnut Oil Extraction Composition Romanian Mountain

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs Víctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-Segura Aleksandra Polishchuk laura Nadal Marta Tomàs Carolina Silvera-Simón Manel M.Santafé maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

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Relationship between MRI pertusion and clinical severity in multiple sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第4期15卷 646-652页

作者： maria Marcella Laganà laura Pelizzari Francesca Baglio IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi

Perfusion alterations within several brain regions have been shown in multiple sclerosis patients using different magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)***,MRI-derived brain perfusion metrics have been investigated in association with multiple sclerosis phenotypes,physical disability,and cognitive ***,a review focused on these aspects is still *** aim was to review all the studies investigating the relationship between perfusion MRI and clinical severity during the last fifteen years to understand the clinical relevance of these *** differences among phenotypes were observed both with 1.5T and 3T scanners,with progressive multiple sclerosis presenting with lower perfusion values than relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis ***,only 3T scanners showed a statistically significant *** results about the association between MRI-derived perfusion metrics and physical disability scores were ***,the majority of the studies showed that lower brain perfusion and longer transit time are associated with more severe physical disability and worse cognitive performances.

关键词： brain perfusion cerebral blood flow cognition disability magnetic resonance imaging MRI multiple sclerosis phenotypes progressive relapsing remitting

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In vitro Metabolomic Approaches to Investigating the Potential Biological Effects of Phenolic Compounds:An Update

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第4期15卷 236-245页

作者： Ursula Catalan laura Barrubes Rosa maria Vails Rosa Soila laura Rubio Functional Nutrition Oxidation and Cardiovascular Diseases Group(NFOC-Salut)Technological Center of Nutrition and Health(CTNS)lnstitut d'lnvestigacio Sanitaria Pere Virgili(IISPV)Faculty of Medicine and ttealth SciencesUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReus 43201Spain Food Technology Department Universitat de Lleida-AGROTECNIO CenterLleida 25198Spain

Dietary phenolic compounds （PCs） have been receiving intercst lor their presumcd roles ill disease prevention. However, there is a lack of studies on the underlying molecular mechanisnls. In this regard, in vitro metabolomic approaches are suitable for the investigation o1 the molecular changes in response to PC exposure. Up to date, the biological effects of PCs have only been cxalnined for PCs from rosemary （Rosmarinus officinalis）, olive oil, and reSVCl-atrol using cell-based mctabolomic approach, although transcriptomic and/or proteomic studies have also been conducted in the same in vi[ro cell experiment in some cases. Our integral analysis of the reviewed studies suggest that PCs may be involved not only in basic cellular processes or macro-and micro-nutrient meta- bolism, but also in specific metabolic pathways that have been thoroughly investigated. These modulated pathways could have a clinical impact on neurodegenerativc diseases, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. In conclusion, the in vitro metabolomic approaches provide additional information of the molecular mechanisms involved in disease risk reduction of dietary PCs. In order to elucidate the mechanisms of action of PCs, more metabolomic cell-based studies are nccdcd and testing the physiological conjugated forms of PCs in these cell systems could be of special interest.

关键词： Cell-based Metabolomics Phenolic compounds Mechanism of action Disease prevention

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Mutual Interference of Two Debris Flow Deposits Delivered in a Downstream River Reach

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第6期11卷 1385-1395页

作者： STANCANELLI laura maria LANZONI Stefano FOTI Enrico Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Catania Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering University of Padua

We investigate experimentally the depositions of two contiguous debris flows flowing into a main river *** aim of the present experimental research is to analyze the geometry and the mutual interactions of debris flow deposits conveyed by these tributaries in the main channel.A set of 19 experiments has been conducted considering three values of the confluence angle,two slopes of the tributary,and three different triggering conditions(debris flows occurring simultaneously in the tributaries,or occurring first either in the upstream or in the downstream tributary).The flow rate along the main channel was always kept *** each experiment the two tributaries had the same slope and confluence *** analysis of the data collected during the experimental tests indicates that the volume of the debris fan is mainly controlled by the slope angle,as expected,while the shape of the debris deposit is strongly influenced by the confluence ***,in the case of multiple debris flows,the deposit shape is sensitive to the triggering *** index for damming formation available in literature has been considered and applied to the present case,and,on the basis of the collected data,considerations about possible extension of such indexes to the case of multiple confluences are finally proposed.

关键词： Debris flows Confluences Dam formation Triggering scenario Critical Index

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Morpho-Anatomy of the Echium plantagineum L. (Boraginaceae) Diaspores in Relation with Water Uptake and Germination

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第2期89卷 345-360页

作者： maria laura Molinelli Rocio Tarifa Patricia Perisse Catedra de Botanica Morfologica Facultad de Ciencias AgropecuariasUniversidad Nacional de CordobaCordobaArgentina

Echium plantagineum(Boraginaceae)is native of the Mediterranean regions,has been introduced and become widespread within the American continent(North to South),South Africa,New Zealand and *** plant has seed dormancy,aggressively spreads to infest vast areas of predominantly agricultural land and is considered a toxic weed to *** objectives of this research were:(i)to study the morpho-anatomy of the diaspores of ***;(ii)to identify the pathway of water uptake;and(iii)to characterize the germination and the *** morpho-anatomical studies were carried out analyzing semi-permanent slides of transverse and longitudinal sections of the fruits,seeds and ***,histochemical and conventional staining techniques by using stereoscopic,optical and scanning electron microscopy were *** the diaspores,the water uptake pathway was determined by fast green staining,germination tests were performed and the morpho-anatomy of seedlings was *** diaspores showed acrescent calyx surrounding the fruit,composed by 4 rough tuberculate *** indehiscent mericarpid encloses an exalbuminous seed with a thin coat and a spatulate embryo with folded *** uptake took place through the vascular trace“protuberance”in the cicatrix of the mericarpid,which triggers the germination *** was epigeal,the cotyledons were photosynthetically active at the emergence,and a rudimentary developed gemmula was *** percentage was 66.5%.The macrosclereids of the pericarp functions as an obstacle to water uptake,which is overcome when the mericarpid is detached from the gynobase,and the protuberance that acts as a water uptake path is exposed,leading to *** morpho-anatomical characteristics of diaspore,explain the successful dispersal for this aggressive weed,and provide important information in relation to the necessary care for its control.

关键词： Echiumplantagineum fruit germination imbibition mericarpid seed

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ANonmonotone Projected Gradient Method for Multiobjective Problems on Convex Sets

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第2期12卷 410-427页

作者： Gabrie Anibal Carrizo Nadia Soledad Fazzio maria laura Schuverdt Department of Mathematics National University of the SouthBahia BlancaArgentina Department of Mathematics University of La PlataLa PlataArgentina

In this work we consider an extension of the classical scalar-valued projected gradient method for multiobjective problems on convex *** in Fazzio et al.(Optim Lett 13:1365-1379,2019)a parameter which controls the step length is considered and an updating rule based on the spectral gradient method from the scalar case is *** the present paper,we consider an extension of the traditional nonmonotone approach of Grippo et al.(SIAM J Numer Anal 23:707-716,1986)based on the maximum of some previous function values as suggested in Mita et al.(J Glob Optim 75:539-559,2019)for unconstrained multiobjective optimization *** prove the accumulation points of sequences generated by the proposed algorithm,if they exist,are stationary points of the original *** experiments are reported.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization Projected gradient methods Nonmonotone line search Global convergence

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Methane oxidation and attenuation of sulphur compounds in landfill top cover systems: Lab-scale tests

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第3期30卷 317-326页

作者： Roberto Raga Alberto Pivato maria Cristina Lavagnolo laura Megido Raffaello Cossu DII-Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Polytechnic School of Engineering Gijón Campus University of Oviedo

In this study,a top cover system is investigated as a control for emissions during the aftercare of new landfills and for old landfills where biogas energy production might not be *** materials were studied as landfill cover system in lab-scale columns：mechanical–biological pretreated municipal solid waste（MBP）;mechanical–biological pretreated biowaste（PB）;fine（PBSf）and coarse（PBSc）mechanical–biological pretreated mixtures of biowaste and sewage sludge,and natural soil（NS）.The effectiveness of these materials in removing methane and sulphur compounds from a gas stream was tested,even coupled with activated carbon *** of CO2,CH4,O2,N2,H2S and mercaptans were analysed at different depths along the *** degradation was assessed using mass balance and the results were expressed in terms of methane oxidation rate（MOR）.The highest maximum and mean MOR were observed for MBP（17.2 g CH4/m^2/hr and 10.3 g CH4/m^2/hr,respectively）.Similar values were obtained with PB and *** lowest values of MOR were obtained for NS（6.7 g CH4/m^2/hr）and PBSf（3.6 g CH4/m^2/hr）,which may be due to their low organic content and void index,*** membranes with high load capacity did not seem to have an influence on the methane oxidation process：MBP coupled with 220 g/m^2and 360 g/m^2membranes gave maximum MOR of 16.5 g CH4/m^2/hr and 17.4 g CH4/m^2/hr,*** carbon membranes proved to be very effective on H2S ***,carbonyl sulphide,ethyl mercaptan and isopropyl mercaptan seemed to be easily absorbed by the filling materials.

关键词： Emission reduction Greenhouse gas emissionLandfill Methane oxidation H2S Soil cover

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Specific contribution of mannose-binding lectin murine isoforms to brain ischemia/reperfusion injury

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第3期17卷 218-226页

作者： laura Neglia Marco Oggioni Domenico Mercurio maria-Grazia De Simoni Stefano Fumagalli1 Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS Department of NeuroscienceMilanItaly

Mannose-binding lectin(MBL),an initiator of the lectin pathway(LP)of complement activation,is detrimental in ischemic stroke,as shown in clinical studies and rodent *** humans have one functional MBL protein,rodents have two isoforms,MBL-A and MBL-C,whose functions relative to that of human MBL are *** permit the clinical translation of preclinical data,we aimed to define the specific contributions of MBL-A and MBL-C to brain *** subjected mice with double(MBL^(−/−))or single(MBL-A^(−/−)or MBL-C^(−/−))MBL isoform depletion to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(tMCAo).MBL^(−/−) mice had fewer neurological deficits and smaller ischemic lesions than WT ***-A^(−/−) mice had smaller lesions than WT mice and exhibited no significant behavioral defects,whereas MBL-C^(−/−) mice did not differ from WT *** induction of Mbl1 and Mbl2(the MBL-A and MBL-C genes)expression 48 h after tMCAo was similar across *** time course of Mbl1 and Mbl2 expression in WT ischemic mice showed that Mbl1 activation occurred earlier(24 h)than Mbl2 activation(48 h).The plasma levels of MBL-A and MBL-C in MBL-C^(−/−) and MBL-A^(−/−) mice,respectively,were similar to those in WT mice both at baseline and at 48 h after *** 48 h,MBL-A^(−/−)ischemic mice showed higher MBL-C levels in the brain than WT *** and MBL-C^(−/−) ischemic mice had higher LP activity in plasma and,accordingly,higher levels of C3 deposition in the brain than MBL-A^(−/−) and MBL^(−/−) *** conclusion,mice with depletion of both MBL isoforms exhibited strong protection from ischemia/reperfusion ***-A was the main contributor to injury,likely owing to its earlier activation after ischemia and more efficient activation of the complement system than MBL-C.

关键词： injury depletion likely

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Methodology and evidence from a case study in Rome to increase pedestrian safety along home-to-school routes

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第5期7卷 715-727页

作者： maria Vittoria Corazza Daniela D'Alessandro Paola Di Mascio laura Moretti Department of Civil Building and Environmental EngineeringSapienza University of RomeRome 00185Italy

Home-to-school routes are very sensitive areas: they represent, for children, a learning tool for their everyday activities, but if poorly designed, maintained and equipped they can expose them to traffic risks. Sidewalks' inappropriate level of service and poor maintenance, especially, are main factors contributing to walking unsuitability, thus to poor comfort and safety levels for young pedestrians, and more in general for all the vulnerable non-motorized road users. This paper deals with a methodology specifically developed to highlight the quality of the urban environment where the home-to-school routes are located, according to four main criteria: wellbeing, usage, appearance, and safety and security. Each criterion is associated with a checklist including the most relevant features to assess, with a focus on maintenance as a key parameter to create safe and comfortable routes to school. An application, a case study in Rome, where the lack of regular maintenance results into a network of unsafe sidewalks, is also presented, analyzing three different areas where a number of schools are located. Detours when approaching school premises were surveyed, due to the levels of distresses and linked to the poor comfort and safety levels. As the mutual influence of built environment over road safety and maintenance requirements for home-to-school paths is not largely investigated thus far, the paper's goal is to provide advanced knowledge for studies and applications further afield.

关键词： Traffic engineering Road safety Pedestrians Home-to-school routes Sidewalks

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