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Recombination-Independent Mechanisms and Pairing of Homologous Chromosomes during Meiosis in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2014年第3期7卷 492-501页

作者： Olivier Da Ines maria e. Gallego Charles I. White Genetique Reproduction et Developpement UMR CNRS 6293 Clermont UniversitY INSERM U1103 63171 Aubiere France

Meiosis is the specialized eukaryotic cell division that permits the halving of ploidy necessary for game- togenesis in sexually reproducing organisms, This involves a single round of DNA replication followed by two successive divisions. To ensure balanced segregation, homologous chromosome pairs must migrate to opposite poles at the first meiotic division and this means that they must recognize and pair with each other beforehand. Although understanding of the mechanisms by which meiotic chromosomes find and pair with their homologs has greatly advanced, it remains far from being fully understood. With some notable exceptions such as male Drosophila, the recognition and physical link- age of homologs at the first meiotic division involves homologous recombination. However, in addition to this, it is clear that many organisms, including plants, have also evolved a series of recombination-independent mechanisms to facili- tate homolog recognition and pairing. These implicate chromosome structure and dynamics, telomeres, centromeres, and, most recently, small RNAs. With a particular focus on plants, we present here an overview of understanding of these early, recombination-independent events that act in the pairing of homologous chromosomes during the first meiotic division,

关键词： meiosis homolog pairing chromatin centromeres telomeres.

Which Inspection Approach Is Better to Prevent Drug Fraud: Announced or Unannounced?

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2018年第6期31卷 1571-1590页

作者： ZHANG Manman ZHANG Juliang CHeNG T.C.e. SALLAN Jose maria HUA Guowei Department of Logistics Management School of Economics and ManagementBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China. Department of Logistics and Maritime Studies The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HornKowloonHong KongChina Department d'Organizacio d'empreses Universitat Politecnica de CatalunyaTerrassa 08222Spain.

In recent years,there are many crimes related drug fraud occuring in China and many experts think that the main cause is that China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA)adopts announced inspection (AI).In order to circumvent this difficulty,CFDA has exploited unannounced inspection (UI)since *** this paper,the authors study the problem of which one performs better, AI or ***,the authors consider a supervisor,which decides the inspection approach,inspection strength and punishment to force the firm to put self-inspection effort to meet the requirements of Good Manufacturing Practice,and a firm,which produces a drug and decides its self-inspection effort. The authors use game theory to model this problem,characterize the equilibrium policies under AI, and compare the effects of the two approaches on preventing drug fraud under complete and incomplete *** results show that under the complete information,UI performs better if the firm's technical level and the inspection cost are low and AI performs better *** the supervisor doesn't know the firm's technical level,if the low technical level is high,AI performs ***, UI performs better if the inspection cost is low and AI performs better if the inspection cost is high.

关键词： Drug inspection game theory healthcare incomplete information public policy.

Degradation of indomethacin in river water under stress and non-stress laboratory conditions:degradation products,long-term evolution and adsorption to sediment

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2017年第1期29卷 13-20页

作者： Juan J.Jimenez maria I.Sanchez Rafael Pardo Beatriz e.Munoz Department of Analytical Chemistry Faculty of SciencesCampus Miguel DelibesUniversity of ValladolidPaseo de Belen 747012 ValladolidSpain I.U.CINQUIMA Campus Miguel DelibesUniversity of ValladolidPaseo de Belen 547011 ValladolidSpain Department of Analytical Chemistry School of Industrial EngineersUniversity of ValladoliclFrancisco Mendizdbal 147014 ValladolidSpain

The pharmaceutical compound indomethacin is not totally removed in wastewater treatment plants,whose effluents flow into aquatic environments;concentrations in the 0.1-100 ng/L range are commonly found in surface waters,and its fate is ***,biological,photochemical and thermal degradation assays were conducted under stress and non-stress conditions to estimate its degradation rate in river water and establish its degradation products over *** results revealed that direct sunlight irradiation promoted the complete degradation of indomethacin（2 μg/L） in less than 6 hr,but indomethacin was detected over a period of 4 months when water was kept under the natural day-night cycle and the exposure to sunlight was partially limited,as occurs inside a body of *** biological degradation in water was negligible,while the hydrolysis at pH 7.8 was *** were monitored by ultra-pressure liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight/mass spectrometry after solid-phase extraction,and six degradation products were found;their structures were proposed based on the molecular formulae and fragmentation observed in high-resolution tandem mass spectra.4-Chlorobenzoic and 2-acetamido-5-methoxybenzoic acids were the long-term transformation products,persisting for at least 30 weeks in water kept under non-stress ***,the degradation in the presence of sediment was also monitored over time,with some differences being *** adsorption coefficients of indomethacin and degradation products on river sediment were calculated;long-term degradation products did not have significant adsorption to sediment.

关键词： Indomethacin Degradation products River water Adsorption coefficients High-resolution mass spectrometry

Current knowledge on esophageal atresia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第28期18卷 3662-3672页

作者： Paulo Fernando Martins Pinheiro Ana Cristina Simoes e Silva Regina maria Pereira Department of Pediatric Surgery Odilon Behrens HospitalAvenida JoséBonifácioSão CristovãoBelo Horizonte31210-690 Minas GeraisBrazil Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineFederal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte30130-100 Minas GeraisBrazil

esophageal atresia (eA) with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (TeF) is the most common congenital anomaly of the esophagus. The improvement of survival observed over the previous two decades is multifactorial and largely attributable to advances in neonatal intensive care, neonatal anesthesia, ventilatory and nutritional support, antibiotics, early surgical intervention, surgical materials and techniques. Indeed, mortality is currently limited to those cases with coexisting severe life-threatening anomalies. The diagnosis of eA is most commonly made during the first 24 h of life but may occur either antenatally or may be delayed. The primary surgical correction for eA and TeF is the best option in the absence of severe malformations. There is no ideal replacement for the esophagus and the optimal surgical treatment for patients with long-gap eA is still contro-versial. The primary complications during the postoperative period are leak and stenosis of the anastomosis, gastro-esophageal reflux, esophageal dysmotility, fistula recurrence, respiratory disorders and deformities of the thoracic wall. Data regarding long-term outcomes and follow-ups are limited for patients following eA/TeF repair. The determination of the risk factors for the complicated evolution following eA/TeF repair may positively impact long-term prognoses. Much remains to be studied regarding this condition. This manuscript provides a literature review of the current knowledge regarding eA.

关键词： esophageal atresia Tracheoesophageal fistula esophageal stenosis Long-gap Gastro-esophageal reflux

Forward： Proceedings of the 2008 ecological and evolutionary ethology of Fishes Conference, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 I0001-I0002页

作者： maria e. ABATe Guest editor Department of Biology Boston University Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA.

This special issue of Current Zoology concerning the behavior, ecology, and evolution of fishes is comprised of the peer-reviewed Proceedings of the 2008 ecological and evolutionary ecology of Fishes Biennial Conference that was held June 29 - July 3 at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. The conference and its four symposia were organized by a local organization committee and scientific program committee which included maria Abate, host at Boston University; Sigal Balshine, McMaster University; Michael Clancy, Boston University; Ronald Coleman, California State University, Sacramento; John Godwin, North Carolina State University; Les Kaufinan, Boston University;

关键词：波士顿大学马萨诸塞州美国加州行为学生态鱼类进化学术委员会

Cumulative effects of volcanic ash on the food preferences of two Orthopteran species

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Insect Science 2017年第4期24卷 640-646页

作者： Valeria Fern&ndez-Arhex maria e. Amadio Octavio A. Bruzzone Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria-Bariloche CC277 A v Modesta Victoria 4450 (8400) San Carlos de Bariloche Argentina Lab ECO TONO-INIBIOMA Pie. Gutierrez 850 San Carlos de Bariloche Rio Negro Argentina Centro Cientifico Tecnologico - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tocnicas (CCT-CONICeT) Patagonia Norte. Av. de los Pioneros 2350 San Carlos de Bariloche Rio Negro Argentina

Inert dusts are an early form of insecticide which is still in use. One of the most common inert dusts is volcanic ash. In order to study the reaction ofrangeland grasshoppers, Dichroplus vittigerum （Acrididae） and a katydid, t]wgilis mendosensis （Phaneropteridae）, to the presence of volcanic ash in their food sources and how this reaction changed as a function of time, we conducted paired preference tests between clean leaves of their pre- ferred host plant and leaves exposed to volcanic ash of different grain size. The behavioral response was measured as the rating on the Thurstonian preference scale of leaves with ash in relation to clean leaves. The results showed that the avoidance of volcanic ash increased as a function of time in both species. Both species studied are occasionally exposed to vol- canic activity, and come from an area in which a volcanic eruption had recently occurred. As their populations did not decrease after the ash fall, we propose that some behavioral responses such as avoidance of places with ash, works as tolerance mechanism to inert dusts exposure.

关键词： Burgilis mendosensis Dichroplus vittigerum inert dust preference test thurstone scale

Methods used in microbial forensics and epidemiological investigations for stronger health systems

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 650-661页

作者： Arizaldo e.Castro maria Corazon A.De Ungria Microbial ecology of Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems Laboratory Institute of BiologyUniversity of the Philippines DilimanQuezon CityPhilippines DNAAnalysis Laboratory Natural Sciences Research InstituteUniversity of the Philippines DilimanQuezon CityPhilippines Program on Biodiversity Ethnicityand ForensicsPhilippine Genome CenterUniversity of the Philippines DilimanQuezon CityPhilippines

This review discusses microbial forensics as an emerging science that finds application in protecting human *** is important to distinguish naturally acquired infections from those caused by the intentional release of microorganisms to the *** information is crucial in formulating procedures against the spread of infectious diseases and prosecuting persons who may be involved in acts of biocrime,bioterrorism,or biowarfare.A comparison between epidemiological investigations and microbial forensic investigations is *** addition,a discussion on how microbial forensics strengthens health systems is included in this *** forensic investigations and epidemiologic examinations employ similar concepts and involve identifying and characterising the microbe of *** fields require formulating an appropriate case definition,determining a pathogen’s mode of transmission,and identifying the source(s)of ***,the two subdisciplines differ in their *** epidemiological investigation aims to identify the pathogen’s source to prevent the spread of the *** forensics focuses on source-tracking to facilitate the prosecution of persons responsible for the spread of a *** fields use molecular techniques in analysing and comparing DNA,gene products,and biomolecules to identify and characterise the microorganisms of *** included case studies to show methods used in microbial forensic investigations,a brief discussion of the public significance of microbial forensic systems,and a roadmap for establishing a system at a national *** system is expected to strengthen a country’s capacity to respond to public health *** factors must be considered in establishing national microbial forensic *** is the inherent ubiquity,diversity,and adaptability of microorganisms that warrants the use of robust and accurate molecular typing ***,the availability of facilit

关键词： Forensic sciences microbial forensics epidemiology infectious diseases molecular methods health system resilience microbial forensic systems

Long chikungunya?An overview to immunopathology of persistent arthralgia

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第2期13卷 48-57页

作者： Jayme euclydes Picasky Silveira-Freitas maria Luiza Campagnolo mariana dos Santos Cortez Fabrício Freire de Melo Ana Carla Zarpelon-Schutz Kádima Nayara Teixeira Campus Toledo Universidade Federal do ParanáToledoParaná85919-899Brazil Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaCampus Anísio TeixeiraVitória da ConquistaBahia 45029-094Brazil Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia PalotinaUniversidade Federal do Paraná-Setor PalotinaParaná85950-000Brazil Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular PalotinaUniversidade Federal do Paraná-Setor PalotinaParaná85950-000Brazil

Chikungunya fever(CF)is caused by an arbovirus whose manifestations are extremely diverse,and it has evolved with significant severity in recent *** clinical signs triggered by the Chikungunya virus are similar to those of other ***,fever starts abruptly and reaches high levels,followed by severe polyarthralgia and myalgia,as well as an erythematous or petechial maculopapular rash,varying in severity and *** 40%to 60%of affected individuals report persistent arthralgia,which can last from months to *** symptoms of CF mainly represent the tissue tropism of the virus rather than the immunopathogenesis triggered by the host's immune *** main mechanisms associated with arthralgia have been linked to an increase in T helper type 17 cells and a consequent increase in receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Βligand and bone *** review suggests that persistent arthralgia results from the presence of viral antigens post-infection and the constant activation of signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family member 7 in synovial macrophages,leading to local infiltration of CD4+T cells,which sustains the inflammatory process in the joints through the secretion of pro-inflammatory *** term"long chikungunya"was used in this review to refer to persistent arthralgia since,due to its manifestation over long periods after the end of the viral infection,this clinical condition seems to be characterized more as a sequel than as a symptom,given that there is no active infection involved.

关键词： Chikungunya Immunopathology Inflammation process Persistent arthralgia Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family member 7

Poor maternal nutrition inhibits muscle development in ovine offspring

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第1期6卷 79-89页

作者： Sarah A Reed Joseline S Raja maria L Hoffman Steven A Zinn Kristen e Govoni Department of Animal Science University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

Background： Maternal over and restricted nutrition has negative consequences on the muscle of offspring by reducing muscle fiber number and altering regulators of muscle growth. To determine if over and restricted maternal nutrition affected muscle growth and gene fed 60%, 100% or 140% of National Research Council and protein expression in offspring, 36 pregnant ewes were requirements from d 31 ＋ 1,3 of gestation until parturition. Lambs from control-fed （CON）, restricted-fed （ReS） or over-fed （OVeR） ewes were necropsied within 1 d of birth （n = 18） or maintained on a control diet for 3 mo （n = ] 5）. Semitendinosus muscle was collected for immunohistochemistry, and protein and gene expression analysis. Results： Compared with CON, muscle fiber cross-sectional area （CSA） increased in ReS （58%） and OVeR （47%） lambs at 1 d of age （P〈 0.01）; however at 3 mo, CSA decreased 15% and 17% compared with CON, respectively （P 〈 0.01）. Compared with CON, muscle lipid content was increased in OVeR （212.4%） and ReS （92.5%） at d 1 （P 〈 0.0001）. Muscle lipid content was increased 36.1% in OVeR and decreased 23.6% in ReS compared with CON at 3 mo （P 〈 0.0001）. At d 1, myostatin mRNA abundance in whole muscle tended to be greater in OVeR （P = 0.07） than CON. Follistatin mRNA abundance increased in OVeR （P = 0.04） and tended to increase in ReS （P = 0.06） compared with CON at d 1. However, there was no difference in myostatin or follistatin protein expression （P 〉 0.3）. Phosphorylated Akt （ser473） was increased in ReS at 3 mo compared with CON （P = 0.006）. Conclusions： In conclusion, maternal over and restricted nutrient intake alters muscle lipid content and growth of offspring, possibly through altered gene and protein expression.

关键词： Growth Maternal nutrition Muscle development Sheep