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Viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus coinfections in Asia

World Journal of Virology 2015年第2期4卷 96-104页

作者： Takako Utsumi maria I Lusida Indonesia-Japan Collaborative research Center for Emerging and re-emerging Infectious Diseases Institute of Tropical DiseaseAirlangga University Center for Infectious Diseases Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University

Hepatitis B virus(HBV), hepatitis C virus(HCV),and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) affect many people in Asian countries, although there are geographic differences. Both HBV and HIV(HBV/HIV) and HCV/HIV co-infections are highly prevalent in Asia. Hetero- and homosexual, injection drug use, and geographic area are strong predictors of HBV, HCV, and HIV serostatus. In HBV endemic regions, the prevalence and genotype distribution of HBV/HIV coinfection is almost comparable with that in the general population. In Japan, where HBV has low endemicity, the prevalence of HBV/HIV co-infection is approximately 10-fold higher than that in the general population, and HBV Ae is the most common subgenotype among HIV infected individuals. Highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART) is an effective treatment for HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Lamivudine, a component of HAART, is an effective treatment for HBV, HIV, and HBV/HIV co-infection; however, cost, emerging drug resistance, antiretroviral-associated liver toxicity and liver-related morbidity due to HCV progression are particular concerns. HCV/HIV co-infection may accelerate the clinical progression of both HCV and HIV. The high prevalence of HBV/HIV and HCV/HIV co-infections in Asia underscores the need to improve prevention and control measures, as fewer evidencebased prevention strategies are available(compared with Western countries). In this review, the most recent publications on the prevalence of HBV/HIV and HCV/HIV co-infections and related issues, such as therapy and problems in Asia, are updated and summarized.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Coinfection Human immunodeficiency virus Prevalence Asia Pathogenicity Natural history Problems Drug resistance

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Let＇s Do It Later!

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2018年第7期 26-28,53页

作者： Joseph Calpin maria Chen

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Study of the Positioning Influence in the Water Activity Measurement during Leak Test of Iodine-125 Seeds

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2015年第5期5卷 345-348页

作者： Joao A. Moura Anselmo Feher Carlos A. Zeituni maria E. C. M. Rostelato Wilson A. P. Calvo Oswaldo L.Costa carla D. Souza Dib K. Junior Anderson R. Camargo Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN- SP) Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 2242 05508-000 Sao Paulo SPBrazil Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP Leste) Rua Arlindo Bettio 1000 03828-000 Sao Paulo SP Brazil Faculdade de Tecnologia de Sorocaba Departamento de Mecanica Av. Engenheiro Carlos reinaldo Mendes 2015 18013-280 Sorocaba - SP Brazil

In the prostate cancer treatment, brachytherapy with iodine-125 seeds has been used. lodine-125 seeds are sealed radioactive sources, made by a titanium capsule containing the radioisotope inside. In the final phase of the seeds production, it is necessary to ensure that there is no leakage of the radioactive material. A leakage test is performed, immersing the seeds in water during 24 h and measuring the resulting activity in the water. This measurement is made in a sodium iodide detector. The immersion water is transferred to a plastic tube with a cap. The tube is placed by an automated positioning system, in the detector chamber. This study aims to determine the best positioning of the tube for the detection. It is also important to determine the influence of the positioning variation intrinsic of the automated positioning system during the iodine-125 seeds production. The results obtained will be used as a reference to adjust the equipment and process control system, in the production of the iodine-125 seeds.

关键词： Iodine-125 seeds brachytherapy prostate cancer treatment leakage immersion test automated positioning system.

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Head geometric morphometrics of two Chagas disease vectors from Venezuela

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Zoological Systematics 2017年第1期42卷 65-70页

作者： Ana maria Oropeza Carlos Arturo Perri Fernanndez Jonathan Liria Ana Soto-Vivas Escuela de Bioanalisis Facultad de Cieneias de la Salud Universidad de Carabobo Venezuela Universidad regional Amazonica IKIAM km 7 via Muyuna Ecuador Centro de Esmdios en Zoologla Aplicada Facultad Experimental de Ciencias y Tecnologla Universidad de Carabobo Venezuela Centro de Estudios de Enfermedades Endkmicas y Salud Ambiental Institeto de Alto Estudios "Dr. Arnoldo Gabladon " Venezuela Carrera de Cs. Biologicas y Ambientales Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas Universidad Central del Ecuador Ecuador

Triatominae species are considered the main vectors of Chagas disease or American Trypanosomiasis. In Venezuela, the principal vectors are Rhodnius prolixus （Stal, 1959） and Triatoma maculata （Erichson, 1848）, which are belonged to the tribe Rhodniini and Triatomini, respectively. The head conformation and size development of these species can reflect ontogenetic changes which contribute with the vectors biology studies, as well to support of instars determination. The goal of the paper is to the application of geometric morphometric techniques for describing head conformation and size of instars of these species. We photographed 140 heads in R. prolixus： First instar （I： 16）, second instar （II： 17）, third instar （III： 18）, fourth instar （IV： 21）, fifth instar （V： 21）, adult female （F： 26） and adult males （M： 21）; in T. maculata heads of 136 specimens were photographed,I： 20, II： 17, III： 26, IV： 15, V： 19, F： 20 and M： 19. Landmark coordinate （x, y） configurations were registered and aligned by Generalized Procrustes Analysis. Covariance Analyses were implemented with proportions of re-classified groups and MANOVA. Statistical analyses of variance found not significant differences in head isometric size （Kruskal-Wallis） among IV and V instars in both species. The a posteriori re-classification was almost perfect in R. prolixus （82%） and T. maculata （86%）; the main head differences occurs in antenniferous tubercles, postocular and preocular. Our study using quantitative tools for describing the shape differences contributes to explain the morphology variability and development of Chagas disease vectors.

关键词： Instars Rhodniini Triatomini conformation centroid size.

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Implication of the Hedgehog pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第24期23卷 4330-4340页

作者： Carminia maria Della Corte Giuseppe Viscardi Federica Papaccio Giovanna Esposito Giulia Martini Davide Ciardiello Erika Martinelli Fortunato Ciardiello Floriana Morgillo Dipartimento Medico-Chirurgico di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale 'F. Magrassi e A. Lanzara' Università degli studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli'

The prognosis for patients who are diagnosed with advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is poor because there are few treatment *** research has focused on the identification of novel molecular entities that can be targeted to inhibit oncogenic signals that are involved in the carcinogenesis,proliferation and progression of *** all of the pathways that are involved in the development of HCC,Hedgehog(HH)signalling has demonstrated a substantial role in hepatocarcinogenesis and HCC *** plays a physiological role in embryogenesis,through the induction of the differentiation of hepatocytes from endodermal *** re-activation of the HH pathway in chronic damaged liver is a mechanism of fibrotic degeneration and is implicated in various stages of HCC *** activation sustains the subpopulation of immature liver epithelial cells that are involved in the pathogenesis of cirrhosis and HCC,and HH itself is a mediator of the alcohol-derived malignant transformation of liver *** levels of expression of HH protein markers in liver tumour tissues are correlated with aggressive histological and biological features and a poor clinical *** vitro and in vivo inhibition models of the HH pathway confirm that HH is essential in maintaining tumour growth,metastasis and a mesenchymal phenotype.

关键词： Hedgehog Epithelial-mesenchymal transition Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatocarcinogenesis Prognosis

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Role for contrast-enhanced ultrasound in assessing complications after kidney transplant

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World Journal of Radiology 2020年第8期12卷 156-171页

作者： Giuseppe Como Jacopo Da re Gian Luigi Adani Chiara Zuiani Rossano Girometti Institute of Radiology University Hospital S.Maria della MisericordiaUdine 33100Italy Department of Medicine University of UdineUniversity Hospital S.Maria della MisericordiaUdine 33100Italy Department of Medicine General Surgery and TransplantationUniversity Hospital S.Maria della MisericordiaUdine 33100Italy

Kidney transplantation(KT)is an effective treatment for end-stage renal *** their rate has reduced over time,post-transplant complications still represent a major clinical problem because of the associated risk of graft failure and ***,post-KT complications should be diagnosed and treated *** plays a pivotal role in this *** ultrasound(US)with color Doppler analysis is the first-line imaging modality for assessing complications,although many findings lack *** performed by experienced operators,contrast-enhanced US(CEUS)has been advocated as a safe and fast tool to improve the accuracy of ***,when performing CEUS there is potentially no need for further imaging,such as contrast-enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging,which are often contraindicated in recipients with impaired renal *** technique is also portable to patients’bedside,thus having the potential of maximizing the cost-effectiveness of the whole diagnostic ***,the use of blood-pool contrast agents allows translating information on graft microvasculature into time-intensity curves,and in turn quantitative perfusion *** analysis is under evaluation as a tool to diagnose rejection or other causes of graft *** this paper,we review and illustrate the indications to CEUS in the post-KT setting,as well as the main CEUS findings that can help establishing the diagnosis and planning the most adequate treatment.

关键词： Contrast-enhanced ultrasound Kidney transplant Post-renal transplant complications Graft function Ultrasound contrast agents

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Culture Circle as a Teaching Approach in the Education of Teenager Health Multipliers on Leprosy Awareness

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Health 2015年第14期7卷 1813-1823页

作者： Estela maria Leite Meirelles Monteiro Amanda Araújo das Merces Amanda carla Borba de Souza Cavalcanti Ana Márcia Tenorio de Souza Cavalcanti Ana Catarina Torres de Lacerda Rosália Daniela Medeiros da Silva Andrea Rosane Sousa Silva Waldemar Brandao Neto Graduate Program in Nursing Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE) Recife Brazil Graduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health Centre of Health Sciences Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil Nursing Department at the Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil

Objective: The study aims to evaluate the use of a teaching method proposed by Paulo Freire, Culture Circles, in the education of teenagers multipliers on leprosy awareness. Methods: It is an action-research study with a qualitative approach developed in a public school in Pernambuco, Brazil. Five Culture Circles were conducted involving the participation of 26 teenagers. The followings were used as data collection tools: observation, field notes, photography and filming. results: The educational intervention on health addressed the following topics: 1) Definition and transmission of leprosy;2) Characteristics and diagnosis of leprosy;3) Treatment of leprosy;4) Aesthetics, prejudice and mental health related to leprosy;and 5) Planning of educational activities for teenagers as health multipliers on leprosy awareness. The educational action on health provided this age group to perceive themselves, act as political subjects in the development of Culture Circles, and act as protagonists in the dissemination of knowledge on leprosy. Conclusions: This study highlights that the application of active methodologies, such as Culture Circles, is able to encourage the engagement of young people in community empowerment and bring together health professionals and the school community in an intersectoral work in order to develop action strategies involving the promotion of health in the context of neglected diseases such as leprosy.

关键词： Adolescents School Health Leprosy Awareness Culture Circles Health Promotion

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The Quality of Life for People with Parkinson’s Disease in relation to Their Oral Health

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2018年第11期8卷 312-318页

作者： Phablo Glewber Torres Bezerra Samuel Rodrigo de Andrade Veras Camila Caroline da Silva renato mariano da Silva Deivison Edson Pereira da Silva Eduardo Borges da Costa Leite maria das Gracas Wanderley de Sales Coriolano carla Cabral dos Santos Accioly Lins Federal University of Pernambuco RecifeBrazil Department of Prosthodontics and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Federal University of PernambucoRecifeBrazil Department of Anatomy Federal University of PernambucoRecifeBrazil

The present study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the oral health status and the quality of life for people with Parkinson’s disease. The Decayed, Missing, Filled (DMFT) index and the quality of life questionnaire for people with Parkinson’s disease (Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39) were used as evaluation instruments. Sixty-two people with a clinical diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease between stages 1 and 3, age between 46 and 86 years, of both sexes, with an average time of disease evolution of 7 years, participated in the study. Data were evaluated using the Pearson’s correlation test, and one-way ANOVA (p re was no correlation between the DMFT values and the total score of the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39 neither in its domains, nor between the DMFT and the stages of Parkinson’s disease (p = 0.61). We found that the oral health of parkinsonians is deficient due to the high number of missing teeth, but their perception of quality of life is favorable despite their motor limitations related to mobility, and activities of daily living.

关键词： Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life DMFT Index

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Can long-term thiamine treatment improve the clinical outcomes of myotonic dystrophy type 1？

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Neural regeneration research 2016年第9期11卷 1487-1491页

作者： Antonio Costantini Erika Trevi maria Immacolata Pala Roberto Fancellu Department of Neurological rehabilitation "Villa Immacolata" Clinic Viterbo Italy School of Physiotherapy Catholic University of Rome Rome Italy Neurology Unit IRCCS San Martino University Hospital IST Genoa Italy

Myotonic dystrophy type 1, also known as Steinert＇s disease, is an autosomal dominant disorder with multisystemic clinical features affecting the skeletal and cardiac muscles, the eyes, and the endocrine system. Thiamine （vitamin B1） is a cofactor of fundamental enzymes involved in the energetic cell me- tabolism; recent studies described its role in oxidative stress, protein processing, peroxisomal function, and gene expression. Thiamine deficiency is critical mainly in the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as in the muscular cells. Our aim was to investigate the potential therapeutical effects of long-term treatment with thiamine in myotonic dystrophy type 1 in an observational open-label pilot study. We de- scribed two patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 treated with intramuscular thiamine 100 mg twice a week for 12 or 11 months. We evaluated the patients using the grading of muscle strength according to Medical research Council （MRC）, the Muscular Impairment Rating Scale （MIRS）, and the Modified Barthel index. High-dose thiamine treatment was well tolerated and effective in improving the motor symptomatology, particularly the muscle strength evaluated with the MRC scale, and the patients＇ activi- ties of daily living using the Modified Barthel Index. At the end of treatment, the MRC score was 5 in the proximal muscles and 2-4 in the distal muscles （the MRG score before the treatment was 3-4 and 1-3, re- spectively）. The MIRS grade improved by 25% compared to baseline for both patients. In patient #1, the Modified Barthel Index improved by 44%, and in patient #2 by 29%. These findings suggest that clinical outcomes are improved by long-term thiamine treatment.

关键词： nerve regeneration myotonic dystrophy type I thiamine Steinert's disease muscular strength activity of daily living neural regeneration

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Synthesis of Porous NiO Nanocrystals with Controllable Surface Area and Their Application as Supercapacitor Electrodes

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Nano research 2010年第9期3卷 643-652页

作者： Xiaojun Zhang Wenhui Shi Jixin Zhu Weiyun Zhao Jan Ma Subodh Mhaisalkar Tuti Lim maria Yanhui Yang Hua Zhang Huey Hoon Hng Qingyu Yan School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000China Energy research Institute Nanyang Technological University637459Singapore School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore School of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology Ngee Ann Polytechnic535 Clementi RoadSingapore School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Nanyang Technological University637459Singapore

We report a facile way to grow various porous NiO nanostructures including nanoslices,nanoplates,and nanocolumns,which show a structure-dependence in their specific charge *** formation of controllable porosity is due to the dehydration and re-crystallization of β-Ni(OH)_(2) nanoplates synthesized by a hydrothermal *** analysis shows that the decomposition temperature of the β-Ni(OH)_(2) nanostructures is related to their *** electrochemical tests,the porous NiO nanostructures show stable cycling performance with retention of specific capacitance over 1000 ***,the formation of nanocolumns by the stacking of β-Ni(OH)_(2) nanoslices/plates favors the creation of small pores in the NiO nanocrystals obtained after annealing,and the surface area is over five times larger than that of NiO nanoslices and ***,the specific capacitance of the porous NiO nanocolumns(390 F/g)is significantly higher than that of the nanoslices(176 F/g)or nanoplates(285 F/g)at a discharge current of 5 A/*** approach provides a clear illustration of the process-structure-property relationship in nanocrystal synthesis and potentially offers strategies to enhance the performance of supercapacitor electrodes.

关键词： Ni(OH)_(2) NiO porous nanocrystals supercapacitor

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