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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1150-1155页

作者： shuanglong Yi Linfang Wang margaret s.ho shiping Zhang s.hool of Life science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina College of Life sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor deficits,dopaminergic neuron loss,and brain accumulation ofα-synuclein aggregates called Lewy bodies.Dysfunction in protein degradation pathways,such as autophagy,has been demonstrated in neurons as a critical mechanism for eliminating protein aggregates in Parkinson’s disease.however,it is less well understood how protein aggregates are eliminated in glia,the other cell type in the brain.In the present study,we show that autophagy-related gene 9(Atg9),the only transmembrane protein in the autophagy machinery,is highly expressed in Drosophila glia from adult brain.Results from immunostaining and live cell imaging analysis reveal that a portion of Atg9 localizes to the trans-Golgi network,autophagosomes,and lysosomes in glia.Atg9 is persistently in contact with these organelles.Lacking glial atg9 reduces the number of omegasomes and autophagosomes,and impairs autophagic substrate degradation.This suggests that glial Atg9 participates in the early steps of autophagy,and hence the control of autophagic degradation.Importantly,loss of glial atg9 induces parkinsonian symptoms in Drosophila including progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons,locomotion deficits,and glial activation.Our findings identify a functional role of Atg9 in glial autophagy and establish a potential link between glial autophagy and Parkinson’s disease.These results may provide new insights on the underlying mechanism of Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： Atg9 autophagy glia Parkinson’s disease

A shared Neural Node for Multiple Innate Behaviors in Drosophila

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第6期34卷 1103-1104页

作者： margaret s.ho s.hool of Life science and Technology ShanghaiTech University

The nervous system orchestrates diverse behaviors such as reproduction, sleep, feeding, and aggression, and selects a single behavior for execution at any given time. This requires neural mechanisms for behavioral selection sensitive to both internal physiological states and external environmental conditions. For example, hungry animals

关键词： In A shared Neural Node for Multiple Innate Behaviors in Drosophila

Neurodevelopment and degeneration

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2014年第4期30卷 539-541页

作者： margaret s.ho Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology School of MedicineTongji University

Over the past decades, continuous effort has been made to resolve unsettled matters in the emerging scene of neuronal development. Despite the rapid progress, neuroscientists remain fascinated by the intricate networks of signaling pathways and molecules conserved among species. Fundamental questions such as progenitor cell specification, compartmentalized cellular tactics, and the identification of factors involved in orchestrating the progression of development are being actively pursued. Furthermore, reversing the effects of development, neurodegeneration symbolizes an opposite force in limiting growth and has been linked to a variety of diseases. To date, a tremendous amount of work from the research community has conceptualized the central image of how nervous systems develop and are equipped to modulate animal functions, albeit with mysterious gaps in the picture that remain to be filled.

关键词： Neurodevelopment degeneration equipped

Analysis of Glial Distribution in Drosophila Adult Brains

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2016年第2期32卷 162-170页

作者： Jiayao Ou Zongbao Gao Li song margaret s.ho Research Center for Translational Medicine Shanghai East Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China Shanghai East Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Tongji University School of Medicine

Neurons and glia are the two major cell types in the nervous system and work closely with each other to program neuronal interplay. Traditionally, neurons are thought to be the major cells that actively regulate processes like synapse formation, plasticity, and behavioral output. Glia, on the other hand, serve a more supporting role. To date, accumulating evidence has suggested that glia are active participants in virtually every aspect of neuronal function. Despite this, fundamental features of how glia interact with neurons, and their spatial relationships, remain elusive. Here, we describe the glial cell population in Drosophila adult brains. Glial cells extend and tightly associate their processes with major structures such as the mushroom body（MB）, ellipsoid body（EB）,and antennal lobe（AL） in the brain. Glial cells are distributed in a more concentrated manner in the MB. Furthermore, subsets of glia exhibit distinctive association patterns around different neuronal structures. Whereas processes extended by astrocyte-like glia and ensheathing glia wrap around the MB and infiltrate into the EB and AL, cortex glia stay where cell bodies of neurons are and remain outside of the synaptic regions structured by EB or AL.

关键词： Glia Drosophila Mushroom body

Glial cells in neuronal development:recent advances and insights from Drosophila melanogaster

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2014年第4期30卷 584-594页

作者： Jiayao Ou Yijing He Xi Xiao Tian-Ming Yu Changyan Chen Zongbao Gao margaret s.ho Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology School of MedicineTongji University s.hool of Life sciences Tongji University

Gila outnumber neurons and are the most abundant cell type in the nervous system. Whereas neurons are the major carriers, transducers, and processors of information, glial cells, once considered mainly to play a passive supporting role, are now recognized for their active contributions to almost every aspect of nervous system development. Recently, insights from the invertebrate organism Drosophila melanogaster have advanced our knowledge of glial cell biology. In particular, findings on neuron-glia interactions via intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms have shed light on the importance of gtia during different stages of neuronal development. Here, we summarize recent advances in understanding the functions of Drosophila glia, which resemble their mammalian counterparts in morphology and function, neural stem-cell conversion, synapse formation, and developmental axon pruning. These discoveries reinforce the idea that glia are substantial players in the developing nervous system and further advance the understanding of mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration.

关键词： glia neuronal development Gcm neurodegeneration neural stem cell synapse formation axon pruning

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神经胶质细胞调控黑腹果蝇生理行为研究进展

遗传 2022年第4期44卷 300-312页

作者：王孟晓何淑君上海科技大学生命科学与技术学院上海201210

生物机体的神经系统由神经元和神经胶质细胞(简称胶质细胞,glia)两部分组成。目前,对神经元的研究已经非常广泛,但是有关胶质细胞的功能研究仍然所知甚少。由于胶质细胞不具兴奋性,无法像神经元一样传递动作电位,传统观点认为胶质细胞... 详细信息

生物机体的神经系统由神经元和神经胶质细胞(简称胶质细胞,glia)两部分组成。目前,对神经元的研究已经非常广泛,但是有关胶质细胞的功能研究仍然所知甚少。由于胶质细胞不具兴奋性,无法像神经元一样传递动作电位,传统观点认为胶质细胞主要起到支撑神经元并维持其正常功能的作用。近年来,越来越多的研究结果表明,胶质细胞参与调控生物机体的各种生理行为。其中,通过黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)研究了胶质细胞的重要性,证实胶质细胞参与调控果蝇的神经发育、营养代谢、睡眠、寿命、细胞凋亡、求偶、嗅觉和学习记忆等生理活动。本文详细总结了胶质细胞调控果蝇不同生理活动的相关研究进展,并对其功能进行了探究和展望。

关键词：果蝇神经系统神经胶质细胞发育寿命代谢行为

Neuroglial Crosstalk by Mitochondria

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2017年第1期33卷 111-112页

作者： margaret s. ho Research Center for Translational Medicine Shanghai East Hospital No. 150/imo Road Shanghai 200120 China Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China Shanghai East Hospital No. 150 Jimo RoadShanghai 200120 China Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Tongji University School of Medicine 1239 Siping RoadShanghai 200092 China

Glia-neuron interaction is an integral part of signaling networks in the brain. Abundant evidence has suggested a pivotal role for glia in neuronal survival and activity [1-3], yet the mechanisms that lead to neuroglial crosstalk have not been well elucidated, nor has the diverse function of the exchange and transfer for materials between the two types of cells. Intriguingly, glia have been demonstrated as the recipients of axonal mitochondria from retinal ganglion cells [4]. This transcellular degradation of mitochondria provides an excellent example of how glia and neurons communicate, and prompts us to reconsider the importance and implications of how dysfunctional neuroglial crosstalk might underlie possible causes of brain diseases.

关键词： ADPR CD Neuroglial Crosstalk by Mitochondria

Post-fontan circulation hepatocellular carcinoma:Open and laparoscopic hepatectomy

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 90-93页

作者： Karin KY ho Wong hoi she simon HY Tsang Kevin s Lo Tan To Cheung Department of surgery The University of Hong Kong102 Pok Fu Lam RoadHong KongChina Department of Anaesthesiology Queen Mary Hospital102 Pok Fu Lam RoadHong KongChina

To the Editor:Fontan-associated liver disease shows increasing incidence as advances in pediatric cardiology have prolonged life expectancy in patients with single ventricle congenital heart defects[1].Their unique physiology and procedure-related sequelae present an increasingly relevant challenge in hepatic surgery.We hereby reported a series of patients suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)who successfully underwent open and laparoscopic hepatectomy.

关键词： hepatocellular hepatectomy surgery

Fish-on-Chips:unveiling neural processing of chemicals in small animals through precise fluidic control

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2351-2353页

作者： samuel K.H.sy ho Ko Division of Neurology Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Li Ka shing Institute of Health sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong IslandHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Center Hong Kong Science ParkPak Shek KokNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina margaret K.L.Cheung Research Center for Management of Parkinsonism Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Lau Tat-chuen Research Center of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Precise chemical cue presentation alongside advanced brainwide imaging techniques is important to the study of chemosensory processing in animals.Nevertheless,the dynamic nature of chemical-carrying media,such as water or air,poses a significant challenge for delivering highly-controlled chemical flow to an animal subject.Moreover,contact-based cue manipulation and delivery easily shift the position of the animal subject,which is often undesirable for high-quality brain imaging.Additionally,more advanced interfacing tools that align with the diverse range of body part sizes of an animal,ranging from micrometer-scale neurons to meter-long limbs,are much needed.This is particularly crucial when dealing with dimensions that are beyond the reach of conventional experimental tools.

关键词： dealing precise sizes

Enhancing visible-light-driven NO oxidation through molecular‐level insights of dye-loaded sea sands

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 543-554页

作者： Yu-Han Li Bang-Fu Chen sónia A.C.Carabineiro You-Yu Duan Ping Tan Wing-Kei ho Fan Dong Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment Ministry of EducationChongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental MaterialsChongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing400067China Nanchang Institute of Technology Nanchang33044China LAQV-REQUIMTE Department of ChemistryNOVA School of Science and TechnologyUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa2829-516CaparicaPortugal College of Physics and Center of Quantum Materials and Devices Chongqing UniversityChongqing401331China Department of science and Environmental studies The Education University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China

Natural minerals,abundant and easily obtained through simple physical processing,offer a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution for dyeing wastewater disposal and air pollution treatment.This study investigates the photocatalytic removal of NO using natural different types of dyes,loaded on natural sand,under visible light illumination.By examining various coating concentrations of dyes and sand weights,we discovered that sand loaded with Rhodamine B(RhB)exhibits high activity for the photo-oxidation of NO.A combination results of X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPs),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and thermogravimetric(TG)analyses confirm the presence of siO_(2),CaCO_(3),Al_(2)O_(3)and iron oxides as the main components of the sand.Furthermore,studying RhB-loaded individual components reveals that CaCO_(3)plays a crucial role in enhancing the NO removal rate.Experimental results and theoretical calculations demonstrate the establishment of a directional charge transfer channel from CaCO_(3)to RhB,facilitating the adsorption and activation of molecular NO and O_(2).This work not only promotes the utilization of natural mineral resources but also enriches the fields of environmental photochemistry and semiconductor photocatalysis.

关键词： sand dyes Rhodamine B Photo-oxidation of NO Visible light illumination