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Quantifying spatiotemporal variability in occupant exposure to an indoor airborne contaminant with an uncertain source location

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Building Simulation 2023年第6期16卷 889-913页

作者： John E.Castellini jr.Cary A.faulkner Wangda Zuo Michael d.Sohn department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado BoulderUCB 427BoulderCO80309USA department Architectural Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA National Renewable Energy National laboratory GoldenCO80401USA Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory1 Cyclotron RoadBerkeleyCA94720USA

Well-mixed zone models are often employed to compute indoor air quality and occupant *** effective,a potential downside to assuming instantaneous,perfect mixing is underpredicting exposures to high intermittent concentrations within a *** such cases are of concern,more spatially resolved models,like computational-fluid dynamics methods,are used for some or all of the ***,these models have higher computational costs and require more input information.A preferred compromise would be to continue with a multi-zone modeling approach for all rooms,but with a better assessment of the spatial variability within a *** do so,we present a quantitative method for estimating a room’s spatiotemporal variability,based on influential room *** proposed method disaggregates variability into the variability in a room’s average concentration,and the spatial variability within the room relative to that *** enables a detailed assessment of how variability in particular room parameters impacts the uncertain occupant *** demonstrate the utility of this method,we simulate contaminant dispersion for a variety of possible source *** compute breathing-zone exposure during the releasing(source is active)and decaying(source is removed)*** Cfd methods,we found after a 30 minutes release the average standard deviation in the spatial distribution of exposure was approximately 28%of the source average exposure,whereas variability in the different average exposures was lower,only 10%of the total *** also find that although uncertainty in the source location leads to variability in the average magnitude of transient exposure,it does not have a particularly large influence on the spatial distribution during the decaying period,or on the average contaminant removal *** systematically characterizing a room’s average concentration,its variability,and the spatial variability within the room important insights can be gain

关键词： uncertainty variability airborne contaminant spatiotemporal variability well-mixed heterogeneity

for cervical cancer screening,which test is better,and forwhom?

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 77-78页

作者： Edward J Mayeaux jr.Yun Zhao USC School of Medicine Columbia Affiliate of family and Preventive Medicine USC School of Medicine LibraryColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA Peking University People's Hospital BeijingChina

In their January 2024 article,Vahteristo et al reported the results of their prospective randomised trial comparing human papillomavirus(HPV)-basedcervical cancer screening versus cytologyyscreening gin Southern *** study examined using high-risk HPV(hrHPV)-based cervical cancer screening in finland,a country with awell-established,high-qualitycytology screening programme and a low incidence of cervical *** 236000 individuals were involved in this long-term follow-up of the finnish randomised HPV screening *** authors calculated the cervical cancer incidence and mortality rate ratios using Poisson regression.

关键词： cervical cancer mortality

TopSTO:a 115-line code for topology optimization of structures under stationary stochastic dynamic loading

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2023年第4期22卷 1081-1100页

作者： Sebastian Pozo fernando Gomez Thomas Golecki Juan Carrion Billie f.Spencer jr. Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana 61801ILUSA College of Science and Engineering Universidad San Francisco de QuitoDiego de Robles y Vía InteroceanicaQuitoEcuador Skidmore Owings&MerrillLLPChicago 60604ILUSA department of Civil Engineering University of CuencaCuencaEcuador

The use of topology optimization in structural design under dynamic excitation is becoming more prevalent in the *** many such applications utilize frequency or time domain formulations,relatively few consider stochastic dynamic *** paper presents an efficient and compact code called TopSTO for structural topology optimization considering stationary stochastic dynamic loading using a method derived from random vibration *** theory,described in conjunction with the implementation in the provided code,is illustrated for a seismically excited *** work demonstrates the efficiency of the approach in terms of both the computational resources and minimal amount of code *** code is intended to serve as a baseline for understanding the theory and implementation of this topology optimization approach and as a foundation for additional applications and developments.

关键词： topology optimization stochastic dynamics matlab python

THE EffECT Of TISSUE dISAGGREGATION METHOdS ON THE ClONOGENICITY Of SOlId HUMAN TUMOR CEllS

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1992年第2期105卷 126-131页

作者：李同光 lisa d Blackburn Ronnie d Horner Jan f Silverman Albert l Wiley jr. departments of Radiation Oncology Family Medicine Clinical Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine East Carolina University School of Medicine Greenville NC 27858 USA

The effect of mechanical,enzymatic and com-bined disaggregations on the same tumor tissue(n=154)to define variables related to clonogenic effi-ciency (CE) of human tumor clonogenic assay(HTCA)was ***,CE was highly asso-ciated with the percentage of malignant cells in theinoculative suspensions(Pd the total cellconcentration plated(P=0.03).However,there was nosignificant correlation between CE and thedisaggregation method,type of tumor,cell viability,proportion of macrophages in the inoculum,or lengthof incubation(10 or 20 days).In addition,a higher CEwas found in some nonadherent fractions when com-paring the CE of the original plating suspensions tothat of their nonadherent *** is concluded thatmechanical disaggregation is the simplest technique forobtaining the highest yield of malignant cells,which isa decisive factor for colony growth,and that anincubation time of 10 days and 1×10～6cells per plate is the best condition for the human tu-mor clonogenic assay.

关键词： SOfT-AGAR GROWTH ASSAY

fundamentals of materials science and engineering an integrated approach William d. Callister, jr. 2nd ed.

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Assessment of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in primary tumors and paired lymph node metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma

2005年

作者： William d. Callister jr.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 883-893页

作者： Brendha Cação Coimbra Marina Alessandra Pereira leonardo Cardili Venancio Avancini ferreira Alves Evandro Sobroza de Mello Ulysses Ribeiro jr.Marcus fernando Kodama Pertille Ramos department of Gastroenterology Instituto do CancerHospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246000Brazil department of Pathology Instituto do CancerHospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246000Brazil

BACKGROUNd Anti-programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1(Pd-1/Pd-l1)immuno-therapy has demonstrated promising results on gastric cancer(GC).However,Pd-l1 can express differently between metastatic sites and primary tumors(PT).AIM To compare Pd-l1 status in PT and matched lymph node metastases(lNM)of GC patients and to determine the correlation between the Pd-l1 status and clinicopathological *** We retrospectively reviewed 284 GC patients who underwent ***-l1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry(clone SP142)using the com-bined positive *** Pd-l1+PT staged as pN+were also tested for Pd-l1 expression in their ***-l1(-)GC with pN+served as the comparison *** Among 284 GC patients included,45 had Pd-l1+PT and 24 of them had pN+.for comparison,44 Pd-l1(-)cases with pN+were included(sample loss of 4 cases).Of the Pd-l1+PT,54.2%(13/24 cases)were also Pd-l1+in the *** Pd-l1(-)PT,9.1%(4/44)had Pd-l1+in the *** agreement between PT and lNM had a kappa value of *** tumor size and moderate/severe peritumoral inflammatory response were associated with Pd-l1 positivity in both *** was no statistical difference in overall survival for PT and lNM according to the Pd-l1 status(P=0.166 and P=0.837,respectively).CONClUSION Intra-patient heterogeneity in Pd-l1 expression was observed between the PT and matched *** disagreement in Pd-l1 status may emphasize the importance of considering different tumor sites for analyses to select patients for immunotherapy.

关键词： Gastric cancer lymph node Programmed death ligand 1 Stomach neoplasms Immunohistochemistry Metastasis

Alternative expressions for stand diameter in complex forests

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forest Ecosystems 2023年第3期10卷 328-336页

作者： Mark J.ducey John A.Kershaw jr. department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New HampshireDurhamNHUSA faculty of forestry and Environmental Management University of New BrunswickFrederictonNBCanada

Quadratic mean diameter is the most frequently reported descriptor of the diameter distribution of *** such,it is often used as an indicator of forest stand structure,developmental stage,and ecological and economic ***,quadratic mean diameter can be heavily influenced by the presence or absence of large numbers of small stems in lower canopy strata,and it is also sensitive to left-truncation of the diameter distribution,making its interpretation across inventories with different protocols ***,we examine three alternative expressions of stand diameter:the arithmetic and quadratic mean diameter of the thickest 100 trees per hectare,and the basal area-weighted mean *** data from the United States forest Inventory and Analysis program for New York and New England,these alternative expressions showed closer correlation with multiple stand structural variables than did quadratic mean diameter,including merchantable cubic and board foot volume per hectare,aboveground live tree carbon per hectare,and total number of live and dead standing trees greater than 40 cm diameter at breast height per hectare(previously proposed as an index of old-growth structure).Arithmetic and quadratic mean diameter of the thickest 100 trees per hectare showed nearly identical performance,and the strongest correlations across the *** develop closed-form expressions for these variables when the diameter distribution is a Weibull,and illustrate their behavior relative to quadratic mean diameter for that *** the reasons for prevalence of quadratic mean diameter as an indicator remain valid,we suggest that these alternative measures should be more widely reported and analyzed to give a more informative depiction of stand structure and development in complex forests.

关键词： forest structure diameter at breast height Weibull distribution

Impact of interconnections and renewable energy integration on the Philippine-Sabah Power Grid systems

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Global Energy Interconnection 2023年第3期6卷 253-272页

作者： Tristan G.Magallones,jr. Jai Govind Singh department of Energy Environment and Climate ChangeSERDAsian Institute of TechnologyPathumthani 12120Thailand department of Electrical Engineering Central Mindanao UniversityBukidnon 8710Philippines

This study presents a comprehensive impact analysis of the rotor angle stability of a proposed international connection between the Philippines and Sabah,Malaysia,as part of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)Power *** study focuses on modeling and evaluating the dynamic performance of the interconnected system,considering the high penetration of renewable *** flow,small signal stability,and transient stability analyses were conducted to assess the ability of the proposed linked power system models to withstand small and large disturbances,utilizing the Power Systems Analysis Toolbox(PSAT)software in *** components used in the model are documented in the PSAT ***,there is a lack of publicly available studies regarding the implementation of this specific ***,the study investigates the behavior of a system with a high penetration of renewable energy *** on the findings,this study concludes that a system is generally stable when interconnection is realized,given its appropriate location and dynamic component ***,the critical eigenvalues of the system also exhibited improvement as the renewable energy sources were augmented.

关键词： Modeling of ASEAN Power Grid Rotor angle stability of asynchronous Philippine-Sabah interconnection in ASEAN Power Grid The impact of renewable energy integration on Philippine-Sabah interconnection in ASEAN Power Grid

Improved speciation of dissolved organic nitrogen in natural waters: amide hydrolysis with fluorescence derivatization

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第10期20卷 1273-1280页

作者： Ryan l.fimmen Tamara d.Trouts daniel d.Richter jr. dharni Vasudevan School of Earth Sciences The Ohio State University 125 S.Oval MallColumbus OH 43210 USA.Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA School of Earth Sciences The Ohio State University 125 S.Oval MallColumbus OH 43210 USA Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences Duke UniversityDurham NC 27708 USA. Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences Duke UniversityDurham NC 27708 USA.Department of Chemistry Bowdoin CollegeBrunswick ME 04011 USA

The objective of this study was to improve primary-amine nitrogen (1°-N) quantification in dissolved organic matter (dOM) originating from natural waters where inorganic forms of N, which may cause analytical interference, are commonly encountered. Efforts were targeted at elucidating organic-N structural criteria influencing the response of organic amines to known colorimetric and fluorescent reagents and exploring the use of divalent metal-assisted amide hydrolysis in combination with fluorescence analyse...

关键词： dissolved organic matter/nitrogen (dOM/dON) o-phthaldialdehyde fluorescamine ninhydrin amino acids amide hydrolysis peptides