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Helicobacter pylori and corpus gastric pathology are associated with lower serum ghrelin

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第3期24卷 397-407页

作者： Paula Mantero Gonzalo Sebastián Matus Rodolfo Ernesto Corti Ana María Cabanne Gerardo Gabriel Zerbetto de Palma liliana marchesi Olid María Marta Piskorz Marcela Beatriz Zubillaga Mariana Andrea Janjetic Cinthia Gabriela Goldman Universidad de Buenos Aires Facultad de Farmacia y BioquímicaCátedra de FísicaBuenos Aires C1113AADArgentina Hospital de Gastroenterología“Dr.Carlos Bonorino Udaondo” Sección Esófago-EstómagoBuenos Aires C1264AAAArgentina Hospital de Gastroenterología"Dr.Carlos Bonorino Udaondo” Unidad PatologíaBuenos Aires C1264AAAArgentina Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET Facultad de MedicinaInstituto de Microbiología y Parasitología Médica(IMPAM)Buenos Aires C1121ABGArgentina Universidad de Buenos Aires Facultad de MedicinaEscuela de NutriciónBuenos Aires C1121ABGArgentina Hospital de Clínicas“Joséde San Martín” División GastroenterologíaBuenos Aires C1120AARArgentina National Scientific and Technical Research Council(CONICET) Buenos Aires C1425FQBArgentina

AIM To evaluate the association of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori), cag A genotype, and type of gastric pathology with ghrelin, leptin and nutritional *** Fasted dyspeptic adults(18-70 years) referred for an upper digestive endoscopy were enrolled in this crosssectional study. Height and weight were assessed for body mass index(BMI) calculation. A sociodemographic survey was administered and nutrient intake was evaluated with 24 h dietary recalls. Serum total ghrelin and leptin levels were analyzed by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. 13 C-Urea Breath Test was performed and four gastric biopsies were obtained during endoscopy for histopathology and H. pylori DNA amplification and genotyping. Data analysis was performed using χ2, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman's correlation and linear *** One hundred and sixty-three patients(40.8 ± 14.0 years), 98/65 females/males, were included. Overall, persistent H. pylori prevalence was 53.4%(95%CI: 45.7%-65.8%). Neither nutrient intake nor BMI differed significantly between H. pylori positive and negative groups. Serum ghrelin was significantly lower in infected patients [median 311.0 pg/m L(IQR 230.0-385.5)] than in uninfected ones [median 355.0 pg/m L(IQR 253.8-547.8)](P = 0.025), even after adjusting for BMI and gender(P = 0.03). Ghrelin levels tended to be lower in patients carrying cag A positive strains both in the antrum and the corpus; however, differences with those carrying cag A negative strains did not reach statistical significance(P = 0.50 and P = 0.49, respectively). In addition, the type and severity of gastric pathology in the corpus was associated with lower serum ghrelin(P = 0.04), independently of *** status. Conversely, leptin levels did not differ significantly between infected and uninfected patients [median 1.84 ng/m L(0.80-4.85) vs 1.84 ng/m L(0.50-5.09),(P = 0.51)]. CONCLUSION H. pylori infection and severity of gastric corpus pathology are associated with l

关键词： Helicobacter pylori cagA Ghrelin Leptin Pathology

ABCDE—agile block chain DApp engineering

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2020年第1期1卷 18-35页

作者： Lodovica marchesi Michele marchesi Roberto Tonelli DMI University of CagliariCagliari09124Italy

Blockchain software development is becoming more and more important for any modern software developer and IT ***,blockchain software production still lacks a disciplined,organized and mature development process,as demonstrated by the many and(in)famous failures and frauds occurred in recent *** this paper we present ABCDE,a complete method addressing blockchain software *** method considers the software integration among the blockchain components—smart contracts,libraries,data structures—and the out-of-chain components,such as web or mobile applications,which all together constitute a complete DApp *** advocate for ABCDE the use of agile practices,because these are suited to develop systems whose requirements are not completely understood since the beginning,or tend to change,as it is the case of most blockchain-based *** is based on Scrum,and is therefore iterative and *** Scrum,we kept the requirement gathering with user stories,the iterative-incremental approach,the key roles,and the *** main difference with Scrum is the separation of development activities in two flows—one for smart contracts and the other for out-of-chain software interacting with the blockchain—each performed iteratively,with integration activities every 2–3 *** makes explicit the activities that must be performed to design,develop,test and integrate smart contracts and out-of-chain software,and documents the smart contracts using formal diagrams to help development,security assessment,and maintenance.A diagram derived from UML class diagram helps to effectively model the data structure of smart contracts,whereas the exchange of messages between the entities of the system is modeled using a modified UML sequence *** proposed method has also specific activities for security assessment and gas optimization,through systematic use of patterns and *** focuses on Ethereum blockchain and its

关键词： Blockchain Smart contracts Blockchain-oriented software engineering UML DApp design

A blockchain architecture for industrial applications

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2022年第4期3卷 1-13页

作者： Lodovica marchesi Michele marchesi Roberto Tonelli Maria Ilaria Lunesu Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of CagliariCagliari09124Italy

Blockchain and the programs running on it,called smart contracts,are increasingly applied in all fields where trust and strong certifications are *** work focuses on industrial applications of blockchains and not on cryptocurrencies or *** use frameworks to compare public and permissioned blockchains specifically suited for industrial *** also propose a complete solution based on Ethereum to implement a decentralized application,putting together in an original way,components and patterns already used and *** solution is characterized by a set of validator nodes running the blockchain using Proof-of-Authority or similar efficient consensus algorithms,by the use of an explorer enabling users to check the blockchain state,and the source code of the smart contracts running on *** time to time,the hash digest of the last mined block is written into a public blockchain to guarantee *** right to send transactions is granted by validator nodes to users by endowing them with the Ethers mined ***,the proposed approach has the same transparency and immutability as a public blockchain,largely reducing its drawbacks.

关键词： Permissioned blockchain Industrial application Information system Software application Ethereum

Liver metastases “siphon” off immunotherapy response

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第4期10卷 526-529页

作者： Nina Cortese Federica marchesi Department of Immunology and Inflammation IRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine University of MilanMilanItaly

For many different cancers,the advent of immunotherapy(IT)treatments,in particular immune checkpoint inhibitors,aimed at reviving the immune response against cancer cells,has led to a great improvement in terms of clinical *** the success of IT,even in advanced metastatic cancers,some patients still fail to respond for reasons yet unclear(1,2).Yu et *** an issue of Nature Medicine.

关键词： immunotherapy clinical

Targeting Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 as a promising strategy for cancer treatment

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2016年第2期7卷 135-148页

作者： Irene marchesi Luigi Bagella Department of Biomedical Sciences Division of BiochemistryUniversity of Sassari Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine Center for BiotechnologyCollege of Science and TechnologyTemple University

Polycomb group proteins represent a global silencing system involved in development *** specific,they regulate the transition from proliferation to differentiation,contributing to stem-cell maintenance and inhibiting an inappropriate activation of differentiation *** of Zeste Homolog 2(EZH2) is the catalytic subunit of Polycomb repressive complex 2,which induces transcriptional inhibition through the tri-methylation of histone H3,an epigenetic change associated with gene ***2 expression is high in precursor cells while its level decreases in differentiated ***2 is upregulated in various cancers with high levels associated with metastatic cancer and poor ***,aberrant expression of EZH2 causes the inhibition of several tumor suppressors and differentiation genes,resulting in an uncontrolled proliferation and tumor *** editorial explores the role of Polycomb repressive complex 2 in cancer,focusing in particular on *** canonical function of EZH2 in gene silencing,the non-canonical activities as the methylation of other proteins and the role in gene transcriptional activation,were ***,mutations of EZH2,responsible for an increased methyltransferase activity in cancer,were ***,various drugs able to inhibit EZH2 with different mechanism were described,specifically underscoring the effects in several cancers,in order to clarify the role of EZH2 and understand if EZH2 blockade could be a new strategy for developing specific therapies or a way to increase sensitivity of cancer cells to standard therapies.

关键词： Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Polycomb group proteins Histone methyltransferase Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 inhibitors Anticancer drugs Cancer therapy Epigenetics

Tumor-associated myeloid cells:diversity and therapeutic targeting

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 566-578页

作者： Alberto Mantovani Federica marchesi Sebastien Jaillon Cecilia Garlanda Paola Allavena Department of Immunology and Inflammation Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCSRozzanoItaly Department of Biomedical Science Humanitas UniversityRozzanoItaly The William Harvey Research Institute Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUK Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine University of MilanMilanItaly

Myeloid cells in tumor tissues constitute a dynamic immune population characterized by a non-uniform phenotype and diverse functional *** tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs),which are more abundantly represented,and tumor-associated neutrophils(TANs)are known to sustain tumor cell growth and invasion,support neoangiogenesis and suppress anticancer adaptive immune *** recent decades,several therapeutic approaches have been implemented in preclinical cancer models to neutralize the tumor-promoting roles of both TAMs and *** of the most successful strategies have now reached the clinic and are being investigated in clinical *** this review,we provide an overview of the recent literature on the evergrowing complexity of the biology of TAMs and TANs and the development of the most promising approaches to target these populations therapeutically in cancer patients.

关键词： tumor-associated macrophages tumor microenvironment macrophage targeting

lmmunotherapy in hepatobiliary tumors: search for the missing pieces of the puzzle

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第1期9卷 86-88页

作者： Matteo Donadon Federica marchesi Lorenza Rimassa Guido Torzilli Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCSRozzanoMilanItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleMilanItaly Department of Immunology and Inflammation Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCSRozzanoMilanItaly Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine University of MilanMilanItaly Humanitas Cancer Center Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCSRozzanoMilanItaly

In the current era of immunotherapy, the treatment of hepatobiliary cancers is rapidly evolving. The use of immunotherapeutic approaches, which include peptide-based vaccines, checkpoint inhibitors and antibodies, particularly applies to advanced hepatobiliary cancers, for which the availability of limited therapeutic options encourages the adoption of alternative strategies. Thanks to the published/presented, although conflicting, results of some of the clinical trials on this topic together with the incoming results of some other trials, clinicians involved in the cure of hepatobiliary cancer patients need to understand the basic and advanced applications of immunotherapies (1-6).

关键词： hepato biliary therapeutic

Petrology and geochemistry of mafic and ultramafic cumulate rocks from the eastern part of the Sabzevar ophiolite(NE Iran): Implications for their petrogenesis and tectonic setting

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第6期11卷 2347-2364页

作者： Fatemeh Rahmani Mohamad Ali Mackizadeh Moussa Noghreyan Claudio marchesi Carlos J.Garrido Department of Geology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of IsfahanP.O.Box:81746-73441IsfahanIran Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de La Tierra(IACT) CSIC-Universidad de GranadaAvenida de Las Palmeras 418100ArmillaGranadaSpain Departamento de Mineralogía y Petrología Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de GranadaAvenida Fuentenueva s/n18002GranadaSpain

The Late Cretaceous Sabzevar ophiolite represents one of the largest and most complete fragments of Tethyan oceanic lithosphere in the NE *** is mainly composed of serpentinized mantle peridotites slices;nonetheless,minor tectonic slices of all crustal sequence constituents are observed in this *** crustal sequence contains a well-developed ultramafic and mafic cumulates section,comprising plagioclase-bearing wehrlite,olivine clinopyroxenite,olivine gabbronorite,gabbronorite,amphibole gabbronorite and quartz gabbronorite with adcumulate,mesocumulate,heteradcumulate and orthocumulate *** crystallization order for these rocks is olivine±chromian spinel→clinopyroxene→plagioclase→orthopyroxene→*** presence of primary magmatic amphiboles in the cumulate rocks shows that the parent magma evolved under hydrous ***,the studied rock units are characterized by low TiO2(0.18-0.57 wt.%),P2 O5(<0.05 wt.%),K2 O(0.01-0.51 wt.%)and total alkali contents(0.12-3.04 wt.%).They indicate fractionated trends in the chondrite-normalized rare earth element(REE)plots and multi-element diagrams(spider diagrams).The general trend of the spider diagrams exhibit slight enrichment in large ion lithophile elements(LILEs)relative to high field strength elements(HFSEs)and positive anomalies in Sr,Pb and Eu and negative anomalies in Zr and Nb relative to the adjacent *** REE plots of these rocks display increasing trend from La to Sm,positive Eu anomaly(Eu/Eu*=1.06-1.54)and an almost flat pattern from medium REE(MREE)to heavy REE(HREE)region[(Gd/Yb)N=1-1.17].Moreover,clinopyroxenes from the cumulate rocks have low REE contents and show marked depletion in light REE(LREE)compared to MREE and HREE[(La/Sm)N=0.10-0.27 and(La/Yb)N=0.08-0.22].The composition of calculated melts in equilibrium with the clinopyroxenes from less evolved cumulate samples are closely similar to island arc tholeiitic(IAT)*** mineralogy,geochemical features

关键词： Petrology Geochemistry Cumulate rocks Sabzevar ophiolite Supra-subduction zone Iran

Hepatobiliary surgeons meet immunologists: the case of colorectal liver metastases patients

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第4期8卷 370-377页

作者： Matteo Donadon Nina Cortese Federica marchesi Matteo Cimino Alberto Mantovani Guido Torzilli Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery Humanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleItaly Department of Immunology and Inflammation Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterRozzanoMilanItaly Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine University of MilanMilanItaly The William Harvey Research Institute Queen Mary University of LondonLondonUK

The burgeoning field of cancer immunology demands a change in the paradigm of cancer patient management. The understanding of the course of a given malignant disease should also include the host immune system as one of the key factors in determining the patient's prognosis. Surgical and medical oncologists need to understand the basic and advanced applications of immunotherapies, which are rapidly evolving, and are nowadays an integral part of the armamentarium for the treatment of cancer patients. In the present work, we review the current knowledge concerning the immune landscape of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with liver metastases, as recently discovered.

关键词： Host immune system colorectal liver metastases (CLM) colorectal cancer liver metastases colorectal cancer (CRC) immune response immunotherapy