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Mapping the Genetic Diversity of Castanea sativa: Exploiting Spatial Analysis for Biogeography and Conservation Studies

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2016年第2期8卷 248-259页

作者： Francesca Chiocchini Claudia Mattioni Paola Pollegioni Ilaria Lusini Maria Angela Martín marcello cherubini Marco Lauteri Fiorella Villani C.N.R. Institute of Agro-environmental and Forest Biology Terni Italy Departamento de Ingeniería del Medio Agronómico y Forestal Avda. Virgen del Puerto 2 Centro Universitario de Plasencia Universidad de Extremadura Caceres Spain

The current distribution of forest tree species is a result of natural or human mediated historical and contemporary processes. Knowledge of the spatial distribution of the diversity and divergence of populations is crucial for managing and conserving genetic resources in forest tree species. By combining tools from population genetics, landscape ecology and spatial statistics, landscape genetics thus represents a powerful method for evaluating the geographic patterns of genetic resources at the population level. In this study, we explore the possibility of combining genetic diversity data, spatial statistic tools and GIS technologies to map the genetic divergence and diversity of 31 Castanea sativa populations collected in Spain, Italy, Greece, and Turkey. The IDW technique was used to interpolate the diversity values and divergence indices as expected hetereozygosity (He), allelic richness (Rs), private allelic richness (PRs), and membership values (Q) of each population to different clusters. Genetic diversity maps and a synthetic map of the spatial genetic structure of European chestnut populations were produced. Spatial coincidences between landscape elements and statistically significant genetic discontinuities between populations were investigated. Evidence is provided of the significance of cartographic outputs produced in the study and on their usefulness in managing genetic resources.

关键词： Landscape Genetics Microsatellites Genetic Structure Spatial Interpolation Genetic Barriers

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An action plan for the agri-food sector at the time of the climate and biodiversity crises

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National Science Review 2023年第7期10卷 16-18页

作者： Francesco cherubini Ting Hua Wenwu Zhao Industrial Ecology Programme Department of Energy and Process Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University

Land areas on our planet are facing unprecedented levels of stress.More than70%of the global ice-free land has been affected by human activities,30%of the land is threatened by degradation,biodiversity and other ecosystem services(ESs) are declining,and climate change is altering ecosystem functioning [1].Currently,agriculture is the dominant form of land use,with grazing land comprising27%and cropland 12%(and more than half of the cropland is used to produce animal feed).Agriculture is responsible for about one-third of global greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions [2] and it is the primary driver of deforestation,habitat destruction,global freshwater withdrawals,and global ocean and freshwater pollution [3].As land is a limited resource,

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Comparing the climate change mitigation potentials of alternative land uses:Crops for biofuels or biochar vs.natural regrowth

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Geography and Sustainability 2022年第4期3卷 347-357页

作者： Anne Cecilie Løvenskiold Xiangping Hu Wenwu Zhao Francesco cherubini Department of Energy and Process Engineering Industrial Ecology ProgrammeNorwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)TrondheimNorway State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Using biomass from dedicated crops for energy production and natural vegetation regrowth are key elements in future climate change mitigation scenarios.However,there are still uncertainties about the mitigation potentials that can be achieved by the different land-based systems and how they perform relative to each other.In this study,we use harmonized future land use datasets to identify global land areas dedicated to second generation bioenergy crop production in 2050 under different climate scenarios.We then assess the global climate change mitigation potentials of using biomass for producing bioethanol with(BECCS)or without carbon capture and storage,biochar,or a synthetic fuel(e-methanol).For the latter,the electricity required to produce hydrogen for e-methanol synthesis is sourced from either wind power or the projected average electricity mix in 2050.Mitigation potential from natural regrowth on the identified land is also quantified.For all the cases,we modelled emissions of greenhouse gases from the life-cycle stages and use parameterized models to estimate local biomass growth rates.The identified land areas range from 1.95 to 13.8 million hectares and can provide from 30 to 178 mega ton(Mt)dry biomass annually from dedicated crops.Climate change mitigation potentials range from 11 to 257 MtCO_(2)-eq.yr^(−1),depending on technological option and land availability.The largest mitigation is delivered by BECCS,but e-methanol can achieve similar findings when hydrogen is sourced from wind power.If hydrogen is produced from grid electricity,e-methanol can result in net positive emissions.E-methanol can also deliver more final energy than bioethanol(4.04 vs.1.27 EJ yr^(−1)).Natural vegetation regrowth can generally achieve higher mitigation than bioethanol,but less than biochar.An optimal combination of BECCS and natural vegetation regrowth can achieve a larger mitigation,up to 281 MtCO_(2)-eq.yr^(−1),indicating that integrated solutions can help to achieve successful land management strategies for climate c

关键词： Negative emission technologies Natural regrowth Land management Bioenergy systems Carbon neutrality

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An Analog of Einstein’s General Relativity Emerging from Classical Finite Elasticity Theory:Analytical and Computational Issues

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第8期14卷 801-818页

作者： C.cherubini S.Filippi Nonlinear Physics andMathematicalModeling Lab University Campus Bio-MedicoI-00128Via A.del Portillo 21RomeItaly International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics-I.C.R.A. University of Rome“La Sapienza”I-00185 RomeItaly

The“analogue gravity formalism”,an interdisciplinary theoretical scheme developed in the past for studying several non relativistic classical and quantum systems through effective relativistic curved space-times,is here applied to largely deformable elastic bodies described by the nonlinear theory of solid mechanics.Assuming the simplest nonlinear constitutive relation for the elastic material given by a Kirchhoff-St Venant strain-energy density function,it is possible to write for the perturbations an effective space-time metric if the deformation is purely longitudinal and depends on one spatial coordinate only.Theoretical and numerical studies of the corresponding dynamics are performed in selected cases and physical implications of the results obtained are finally discussed.

关键词： Finite elasticity general relativity analogue gravity finite elements method

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Theoretical and Numerical Modeling of Nonlinear Electromechanics with applications to Biological Active Media

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Communications in Computational Physics 2015年第1期17卷 93-126页

作者： Alessio Gizzi Christian cherubini Simonetta Filippi Anna Pandolfi Nonlinear Physics and Mathematical Modeling Laboratory ***University Campus Bio-Medico of RomeVia A.del Portillo 2100128 RomeItaly International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics Network ***University Campus Bio-Medico of RomeVia A.del Portillo 2100128 RomeItaly Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133 MilanoItaly

We present a general theoretical framework for the formulation of the nonlinear electromechanics of polymeric and biological active media.The approach developed here is based on the additive decomposition of the Helmholtz free energy in elastic and inelastic parts and on the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient in passive and active parts.We describe a thermodynamically sound scenario that accounts for geometric and material nonlinearities.In view of numerical applications,we specialize the general approach to a particular material model accounting for the behavior of fiber reinforced tissues.Specifically,we use the model to solve via finite elements a uniaxial electromechanical problem dynamically activated by an electrophysiological stimulus.Implications for nonlinear solid mechanics and computational electrophysiology are finally discussed.

关键词： Active electromechanical media Helmholtz free energy multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient active deformation active stress

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Integrate ecosystem services into socio-economic development to enhance achievement of sustainable development goals in the post-pandemic era

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Geography and Sustainability 2021年第1期2卷 68-73页

作者： Caichun Yin Wenwu Zhao Francesco cherubini Paulo Pereira State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Industrial Ecology Programme and Department of Energy and Process Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)NorwegianNorway Environmental Management Center Mykolas Romeris UniversityVilnius 08303Lithuania

The COVID-19 pandemic has stalled and rolled back progress on Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).Ecosys-tem services(ESs),defined as the contributions of ecosystems to human well-being,underpin the achievement of SDGs.To promote SDG achievement in post-pandemic era,we teased out the links between ESs and SDGs while examining the impact of COVID-19.We found that ESs benefited all SDGs,yet man-made pressures led to degra-dation of ecosystems and their services.There is broad consensus that the virus lurks in degraded ecosystems and generates spillover due to human interference.The pandemic and global lockdown/restriction disrupted the flow of ESs and altered human ESs demand,threatening the efforts for the SDGs.We suggested:1)to study the association and traceability of ESs-SDGs under the pandemic;2)to prioritize pressing issues such as health care,livelihood,and resource security and in the long run,we should promote human-nature harmony to achieve the SDGs;and 3)to enhance ESs and to promote the SDGs through local community efforts,ESs accounting,and ecosystem restoration.This paper provides insights into the importance of ESs to the SDGs and the ways to integrate ESs into socio-economic development to promote the SDG achievement after the pandemic.

关键词： Ecosystem services(ESs) Sustainable development goals(SDGs) COVID-19 pandemic Socio-economic development Human-nature relationship

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Modelling Thermo-Electro-Mechanical Effects in Orthotropic Cardiac Tissue

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Communications in Computational Physics 2020年第1期27卷 87-115页

作者： Ricardo Ruiz-Baier Alessio Gizzi Alessandro Loppini Christian cherubini Simonetta Filippi Mathematical Institute University of OxfordWoodstock RoadOxford OX26GGUnited Kingdom Laboratory of Mathematical Modelling Institute of Personalised MedicineSechenov UniversityMoscowRussian Federation Nonlinear Physics and Mathematical Modeling Department of EngineeringUniversity Campus Bio-Medico of RomeVia A.del Portillo 2100128RomeItaly International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics(ICRA) and ICRANetPiazza delle Repubblica 10I-65122 PescaraItaly

In this paper we introduce a new mathematical model for the active contraction of cardiac muscle,featuring different thermo-electric and nonlinear conductivity properties.The passive hyperelastic response of the tissue is described by an orthotropic exponential model,whereas the ionic activity dictates active contraction in-corporated through the concept of orthotropic active strain.We use a fully incompressible formulation,and the generated strain modifies directly the conductivity mechanisms in the medium through the pull-back transformation.We also investigate the influence of thermo-electric effects in the onset of multiphysics emergent spatiotem-poral dynamics,using nonlinear diffusion.It turns out that these ingredients have a key role in reproducing pathological chaotic dynamics such as ventricular fibrillation during inflammatory events,for instance.The specific structure of the governing equations suggests to cast the problem in mixed-primal form and we write it in terms of Kirchhoff stress,displacements,solid pressure,dimensionless electric potential,activation generation,and ionic variables.We also advance a new mixed-primal finite element method for its numerical approximation,and we use it to explore the properties of the model and to assess the importance of coupling terms,by means of a few computational experiments in 3D.

关键词： Cardiac electromechanics orthotropic active strain thermo-electric coupling scroll wave propagation numerical simulations

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Coupling trade-offs and supply-demand of ecosystem services(ES):A new opportunity for ES management

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Geography and Sustainability 2021年第4期2卷 275-280页

作者： Qiang Feng Wenwu Zhao Baoling Duan Xiangping Hu Francesco cherubini College of Resources and Environment Shanxi University of Finance and EconomicsTaiyuanShanxi 030006China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Industrial Ecology Programme and Department of Energy and Process Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)N-7491 NorwegianNorway

The trade-offs and supply-demand relations of ecosystem services(ES)are at the frontier of geographical and ecological studies.However,previous studies have focused on either trade-offs or the supply-demand aspects,while ES conflicts and supply/demand contradictions have not been comprehensively examined.The relation-ship between ES trade-offs and supply-demand is logically valid and studying the coupling of both can provide approaches for simultaneously alleviating ES conflicts and supply-demand contradictions.This study,based on a review of previous analyses of ES trade-offs and supply-demand dynamics,proposes a new analytic framework to couple them.First,we define two types of trade-offs based on the directions of growth or decline of the two ser-vices.We also define the supply-demand balance area and the supply-demand risk area according to the ES flow characteristics.Second,the mechanisms driving ES trade-offs are clarified,and land-use scenarios are set based on the mechanisms.Third,the supply-demand spatial characteristics of ES are analyzed,and supply-demand risk areas are identified.Finally,scenario iterations are performed to minimize the supply-demand risk area at an acceptable trade-offintensity to identify an optimal land use plan,which simultaneously alleviates ES conflicts and supply-demand contradictions.This analytic framework offers new opportunities for improving sustainable ecosystem management.

关键词： Environmental management Service conflicts Supply-demand contradictions Coupling analysis

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A Bistable FieldModel of Cancer Dynamics

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第1期11卷 1-18页

作者： C.cherubini A.Gizzi M.Bertolaso V.Tambone S.Filippi Nonlinear Physics and Mathematical Modeling Lab University Campus Bio-MedicoI-00128Via A.del Portillo 21RomeItaly International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics-I.C.R.A. University of Rome“La Sapienza”I-00185 RomeItaly Alberto Sordi Foundation-Research Institute on Aging I-00128 RomeItaly Institute of Philosophy of Scientific and Technological Activity University Campus Bio-MedicoI-00128Via A.del Portillo 21RomeItaly

Cancer spread is a dynamical process occurring not only in time but also in space which,for solid tumors at least,can be modeled quantitatively by reaction and diffusion equations with a bistable behavior:tumor cell colonization happens in a portion of tissue and propagates,but in some cases the process is stopped.Such a cancer proliferation/extintion dynamics is obtained in many mathematical models as a limit of complicated interacting biological fields.In this article we present a very basic model of cancer proliferation adopting the bistable equation for a single tumor cell dynamics.The reaction-diffusion theory is numerically and analytically studied and then extended in order to take into account dispersal effects in cancer progression in analogy with ecological models based on the porous medium equation.Possible implications of this approach for explanation and prediction of tumor development on the lines of existing studies on brain cancer progression are discussed.The potential role of continuum models in connecting the two predominant interpretative theories about cancer,once formalized in appropriatemathematical terms,is discussed。

关键词： Reaction-diffusion equations cancer modeling finite elements method

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Prioritizing sustainable development goals and linking them to ecosystem services:A global expert’s knowledge evaluation

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Geography and Sustainability 2020年第4期1卷 321-330页

作者： Siqi Yang Wenwu Zhao Yanxu Liu Francesco cherubini Bojie Fu Paulo Pereira State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Industrial Ecology Programme and Department of Energy and Process Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Trondheim NO-7491Norway Environmental Management Center Mykolas Romeris UniversityVilnius 08303Lithuania

The implementation of strategies to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)is frequently hindered by potential trade-offs between priorities for either environmental protection or human well-being.However,ecosystem services(ES)-based solutions can offer possible co-benefits for SDGs implementation that are often overlooked or underexploited.In this study,we cover this gap and investigate how experts from different countries value the SDGs and relate them with ES.A total of 66 countries participated to the survey,and answers were grouped into three macro-regions:Asia;Europe,North America,and Oceania(ENO);Latin America,Caribbean and Africa(LA).Results show that the most prioritized SDGs in the three macro-regions are usually those related to essential material needs and environmental conditions,such as SDG2(Zero Hunger),SDG1(No Poverty),and SDG6(Clean Water).At a global scale,the number of prioritized synergies between SDGs and ES largely exceeded trade-offs.The highest amount of synergies was observed for SDG1(No Poverty),mainly with SDG2,SDG3(Good Health),SDG5(Gender Equality),and SDG8(Economic Growth).Other major synergies among SDGs include SDG14-15(Life below water-Life on land),SDG5-10(Gender Equity-Reduced Inequality),and SDG1-2(No poverty-Zero Hunger).At a global scale,SDG15,SDG13,SDG14,and SDG6 were closely related to ES like climate regulation,freshwater,food,water purification,biodiversity,and education.SDG11(Sustainable Cities)and SDG3 were also relevant in Asia and in LA,respectively.Overall,this study shows the potential to couple future policies that can implement SDGs’strategies while adopting ES-based solutions in different regions of the world.

关键词： Sustainable development goals(SDGs) Ecosystem services Priority Expert’s knowledge Network analysis

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