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Disentangling the effects of management and climate change on habitat suitability for saproxylic species in boreal forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 121-133页

作者： Ellinoora Ekman maría Triviño Clemens Blattert Adriano Mazziotta maria Potterf Kyle Eyvindson Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of JyvaskylaP.O.Box 3540014 JyvaskylaFinland Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research(INAR)/Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiP.O.Box 6800014 HelsinkiFinland School of Resource Wisdom University of JyvaskylaP.O.Box 3540014 JyvaskylaFinland Natural Resources Institute Finland(LUKE) Latokartanonkaari 900790 HelsinkiFinland Ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management Group Technical University of MunichHans‑Carl‑Von‑Carlowitz‑Platz 285354 FreisingGermany Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesP.O.Box 50031433ÅsNorway

Forest degradation induced by intensive forest management and temperature increase by climate change are resulting in biodiversity decline in boreal *** forest management and high-end climate emission scenarios can further reduce the amount and diversity of deadwood,the limiting factor for habitats for saproxylic species in European boreal *** magnitude of their combined effects and how changes in forest management can affect deadwood diversity under a range of climate change scenarios are poorly *** used forest growth simulations to evaluate how forest management and climate change will individually and jointly affect habitats of red-listed saproxylic species in *** simulated seven forest management regimes and three climate scenarios(reference,RCP4.5 and RCP8.5)over 100 *** regimes included set aside,continuous cover forestry,business-as-usual(BAU)and four modifications of *** suitability was assessed using a speciesspecific habitat suitability index,including 21 fungal and invertebrate species groups.“Winner”and“loser”species were identified based on the modelled impacts of forest management and climate change on their habitat *** found that forest management had a major impact on habitat suitability of saproxylic species compared to climate *** suitability index varied by over 250%among management regimes,while overall change in habitat suitability index caused by climate change was on average only 2%.More species groups were identified as winners than losers from impacts of climate change(52%–95%were winners,depending on the climate change scenario and management regime).The largest increase in habitat suitability index was achieved under set aside(254%)and the climate scenario RCP8.5(>2%),while continuous cover forestry was the most suitable regime to increase habitat suitability of saproxylic species(up to+11%)across all climate change *** results show that close-to-na

关键词： Biodiversity Simulations Finland Forest planning Habitat suitability Deadwood

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Experimental implementation of phase triplicator gratings in a spatial light modulator

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Chinese optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 64-69页

作者：高尚 maría del mar Sánchez-López Ignacio Moreno Instituto de Bioingeniería Universidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain Departamento de Física Aplicada Universidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales Óptica y Tec.Electr´onicaUniversidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain

In this work,we compare different methods for implementing a triplicator,a phase grating that generates three equiintense diffraction *** design with optimal efficiency features a continuous phase profile,which cannot be easily reproduced,and is typically affected by *** compare its performance with binary and sinusoidal phase *** also analyze the effect of quantizing the phase ***,a random approach is adopted to eliminate the additional harmonic *** all cases,a liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator is employed to experimentally verify and compare the different approaches.

关键词： diffraction gratings phase modulation triplicator spatial light modulators

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Rodent management in Aotearoa New Zealand: approaches and challenges to landscape-scale control

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 8-26页

作者： John G.INNES Grant NoRBURY araceli SAMANIEGo Susan WALKER Deborah J.WILSoN Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research HamiltonNew Zealand Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research AlexandraNew Zealand Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research AucklandNew Zealand Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research DunedinNew Zealand

Aotearoa—New Zealand has only four rodent species,all *** order of arrival,they are Pacific rat Rattus exulans,brown rat ***,house mouse Mus musculus,and black rat *** management in New Zealand aims mainly to conserve indigenous biodiversity rather than to protect crops or manage diseases,as is usual *** describe four major“regimes”and one major vision for rodent control in New Zealand to meet ecological restoration *** challenges for island eradications are for large islands that are remote or populated by *** 1080 is the only large-scale(tens of thousands of hectares)option for black rat control,but its application requires adjustment to counter subsequent rapid black rat ***“ecosanctuaries”(mean 720 ha)use ground-based traps and poisons to target mainly black rats and face constant *** with mammal-resistant fences(up to 3500 ha)limit reinvasion and target more pest species and have enabled the return of previously extirpated taxa to the main *** Free 2050 aims to eradicate the rat species(but not mice)plus some other introduced mammals from New Zealand by *** vision is not attainable with current tools,but research and experimental management is exploring techniques and *** large scale(to 100000 ha)at which black rats are now targeted for control to extremely low abundance seems to be unique to New Zealand.

关键词： black rat brown rat eradication house mouse rodent control

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Predicting grain size-dependent superplastic properties in friction stir processed ZK30 magnesium alloy with machine learning methods

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1931-1943页

作者： Farid Bahari-Sambran Fernando Carreno C.M.Cepeda-Jiménez Alberto orozco-caballero Physical Metallurgy Department CENIM-CSICAv.Gregorio del Amo 828040 MadridSpain Department of Mechanical Engineering Chemistry and Industrial DesignPolytechnic University of MadridRonda de Valencia 328012MadridSpain

The aim of this work is to predict,for the first time,the high temperature flow stress dependency with the grain size and the underlaid deformation mechanism using two machine learning models,random forest(RF)and artificial neural network(ANN).With that purpose,a ZK30 magnesium alloy was friction stir processed(FSP)using three different severe conditions to obtain fine grain microstructures(with average grain sizes between 2 and 3μm)prone to extensive superplastic *** three friction stir processed samples clearly deformed by grain boundary sliding(GBS)deformation mechanism at high *** maximum elongations to failure,well over 400% at high strain rate of 10^(-2)s^(-1),were reached at 400℃ in the material with coarsest grain size of 2.8μm,and at 300℃ for the finest grain size of 2μ***,the superplastic response decreased at 350℃ and 400℃ due to thermal instabilities and grain coarsening,which makes it difficult to assess the operative deformation mechanism at such *** work highlights that the machine learning models considered,especially the ANN model with higher accuracy in predicting flow stress values,allow determining adequately the superplastic creep behavior including other possible grain size scenarios.

关键词： Machine learning Artificial intelligence Magnesium alloys Superplasticity Friction stir processing Grain coarsening

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Machine learning in liver surgery:Benefits and pitfalls

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第12期12卷 2134-2137页

作者： Rafael Calleja Manuel Durán maría Dolores Ayllón Ruben Ciria Javier Briceño Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit Hospital Universitario Reina SofíaMaimonides Biomedical Research Institute of CordobaCórdoba 14004Spain

The application of machine learning(ML)algorithms in various fields of hepatology is an issue of ***,we must be cautious with the *** this letter,based on a published ML prediction model for acute kidney injury after liver surgery,we discuss some limitations of ML models and how they may be addressed in the *** the future faces significant challenges,it also holds a great potential.

关键词： Machine learning Liver surgery Artificial intelligence Random forest Prediction model

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Habitat and food preferences of European rabbits in core and edge populations along the invasion front PatagoniaMonte,Argentina

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 310-319页

作者： Sabrina Yasmin Bobadilla maría ADacar Fabián MJaksic Ricardo Aojeda maría Fernanda Cuevas Ecología de Mamíferos de Tierras Secas IADIZACCT-Mendoza CONICETAv.Ruiz Leal s/nParque General San MartínMendoza 5500MendozaArgentina Laboratorio de Filogeografía Taxonomía Integrativa y Ecología(LFTIE)IADIZACCT-Mendoza CONICETAv.Ruiz Leal s/nParque General San MartínMendoza 5500MendozaArgentina Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability(CAPES) Pontifcia Universidad Católica de ChileAv.Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340Santiago 8320000Región MetropolitanaChile

The European rabbit oryctolagus cuniculus is an exotic herbivorous mammal undergoing an active phase of geographical expansion in the arid ecosystems of *** Adaptive Flexibility Hypothesis states that populations at the range edge(new populations)will exhibit greater fexibility in the use of resources compared with populations located in the range core(older populations).The objective of this work was to compare the rabbit’s use of spatial and trophic resources in relation to the establishment time of their *** sampling was carried out for 2 years(2017 and 2018)in sites with different establishment times for rabbit *** sampling stratifed by type of habitat was applied using 115 fxed strip transects of 1,000 m2 laid out across the study *** rabbit signs were recorded in each transect,and environmental and anthropic variables were *** results show that the individuals from the range edge are more selective in the use of habitat than those from the range *** the microhabitat level,we observed a pattern in the particular components of habitat use by rabbits mainly linked to food availability and proximity to *** a trophic perspective,rabbits could show fexible adjustment to novel conditions and environments in the range *** variability in resource use by the European rabbit confrms its ecological fexibility,pivotal for their advance toward new environments in Argentina.

关键词： Arid ecosystems invasive species novel environments range invasion spatial use trophic use

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A texture-modified dessert with high nutritional value designed for people with dysphagia:effect of refrigeration and frozen storage

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 462-471页

作者： maría Cartagena Larisa Giura Diana Ansorena Iciar Astiasaran Department of Nutrition Food Science and PhysiologyFaculty of Pharmacy and NutritionUniversidad de NavarraC/Irunlarrea s/nPamplona 31008Spain Center for Nutrition Research University of Navarrac/Irunlarrea 1Pamplona 31008Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra IDISNAPamplona 31008Spain National Centre for Food Technology and Safety(CNTA)—Technology and Knowledge for Food Sector Competitiveness NavarreCrta-Na 134-km 53San Adrian 31570Spain

Dysphagia is commonly associated with malnutrition and an increased choking *** overcome these complications,food designed for people with dysphagia should have an appropriate texture and a high nutritional *** this study,six formulations of a strawberry dessert enriched in protein(calcium caseinate)and fiber(wheat dextrin or inulin)were developed using different hydrocolloids(xanthan gum,carboxymethyl cellulose or modified starch)to provide desirable texture and *** value was calculated and total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the samples were ***-extrusion test,rheological measurements and sensory analysis were performed in refrigerated and frozen samples to characterize their textural and viscoelastic *** high content in protein(14.7 g/100 g)and fiber(7.9-8.7 g/100 g)made possible to use the claims“high protein”and“high fiber”.Phytochemicals supplied by strawberries contributed to the antioxidant properties of the *** tangent ranged 0.28-0.35 for all the formulations,indicating a weak gel behavior,which could be considered safe to *** formulations with dextrin in combination with carboxymethyl cellulose or xanthan gum seemed to be less susceptible to structural changes during frozen *** work provides insights for the development of a nutrient-dense dessert that meets the requirements of people with dysphagia.

关键词： Malnutrition Texture-modified-food Hydrocolloids Viscoelastic properties Food texture

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Tracking the change in Spanish greenhouse gas emissions through an LMDI decomposition model:A global and sectoral approach

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 114-122页

作者： Paula Fernández González maría José Presno Manuel Landajo Department of Applied Economics University of OviedoAuda del Cristos/n 33011 OviedoSpain

The reduction of GHG emissions to reverse the greenhouse effect is one of the main challenges in this *** this paper we pursue two ***,we analyze the evolution of GHG emissions in Spain in 2008–2018,at both the global and sectoral levels,with the variation in emissions decomposed into a set of determining ***,we propose several actions specifically oriented to more tightly controlling the level of *** results showed a remarkable reduction(18.44%)in GHG emissions,mainly due to the intensity effect,but also to the production-per-capita *** detected somewhat different patterns among the various sectors *** the intensity effect was the most influential one in the agricultural,transport,and others sectors,the production-per-capita effect was predominant in the case of *** carbonization effect was revealed as crucial in the commerce *** above findings highlight the importance of the energy efficiency measures taken in recent years in the Spanish economy,also pointing to the need to deepen those strategies and to propose new measures that entail greater efficiency in *** efforts in areas like innovation,R&D,diffusion of more eco-friendly technologies,and a greater use of greener energies all prove to be essential reduction actions to fight the greenhouse effect.

关键词： LMDI Decomposition Spain GHG emissions

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Residence time distribution of wood chips in a semi-industrial multiple hearth furnace using RFID tracers Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 268-279页

作者： Elie Lacombe Muriel marchand Capucine Dupont Denis maréchal Thierry Melkior Univ Grenoble Alpes CEALITENDTCHLaboratoire Réacteurs et ProcédésF-38000GrenobleFrance IHE Delft Department of Water Supply Sanitation and Environmental EngineeringDelftthe Netherlands John Cockerill SeraingBelgium

In continuous biomass torrefaction plants,the products'yields,composition and homogeneity highly depend on the residence time of particles.A characterization of particle residence time distribution(RTD)was therefore carried out in an industrial-scale multiple hearth furnace on poplar wood chips using radio frequency identification *** effects of operating conditions,namely,mass flow rate of biomass,shaft speed of the rabbling system and interdental length on the RTD were *** increase of shaft speed and mass flow rate reduces particles’mean residence *** the length between two successive teeth also increases the bed *** biomass accumulation(also called“bulldozing”)was observed during several *** phenomenon is favored by a high mass flow rate of resources,a small interdental length between the teeth and a low shaft *** measurements were compared to the axial dispersion *** all tests,the Peclet number is ranging between 20 and 62,indicating that the multiple hearth furnace cannot be modelled as an ideal plug flow reactor.

关键词： Biomass Multiple hearth furnace Residence time distribution RFID

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Endophytic occupation in Nodules of Rhynchosia Plants from Semiarid Regions of Argentina

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1081-1099页

作者： Cinthia T.Lucero maría de los Á.Ruíz Fabiola Pagliero Carolina Castaño mariela L.Ambrosino Graciela S.Lorda Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de La PampaRuta Nacional 35km 330Santa RosaLa PampaCP6300Argentina INTA EEA Anguil“Ing.Agr.Guillermo Covas”Ruta Nacional 5 km 580AnguilLa PampaCC116326Argentina

Beneﬁcial microbes can improve soil health by promoting soil structure,nutrient cycling,and disease *** addition,a wide array of rhizospheric microbes are responsible for producing metabolically active compounds including various types of plant growth ***,microbial biodiversity studies could contribute to the improvement of agricultural practices in deprived areas,such as the Pampean semiarid *** vast majority of studies conducted on endophytic microorganisms have focused on intensive crop legume *** contrast,little attention has been paid to microorganisms of native legumes,whose ecology is not directly affected by human *** this study,endophytic microorganisms isolated from root nodules of a selected native legume of the genus Rhynchosia were *** isolates were studied with a focus on their plant growth-pro-moting rhizobacteria(PGPR)*** the edaphic characteristics of the Pampean semiarid region,the isolates obtained were evaluated for their ability to grow under three salt stress conditions(50,100,and 200 mM NaCl)and four different pH values(6,7,8,and 9).Based on their PGPR activities,the selected strains were phylogenetically grouped using *** results showed great variability among the isolates in terms of the characteristics *** legumes manifested a wide endophytic variability and remarkable perfor-mance in PGPR *** conclude that they could be used as potential bioinoculants for legume cultivation,an excellent alternative to the use of chemical fertilizers that currently pollute the environment.

关键词： Native strains endophytes PGPR native legumes stress

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