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MMALE—A Methodology for Malware Analysis in Linux Environments

Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1447-1469页

作者： JoséJavier de Vicente Mohino Javier Bermejo Higuera Juan Ramón Bermejo Higuera Juan Antonio Sicilia Montalvo manuel Sánchez rubio JoséJavier Martínez Herraiz Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología Universidad Internacional de La RiojaLogroño26006La RiojaSpain Departamento de Ciencias de la Computación de la Escuela Politécnica Superior Universidad de Alcaláde HenaresAlcaláde HenaresMadridSpain

In a computer environment,an operating system is prone to malware,and even the Linux operating system is not an *** recent years,malware has evolved,and attackers have become more qualified compared to a few years ***,Linux-based systems have become more attractive to cybercriminals because of the increasing use of the Linux operating system in web servers and Internet of Things(IoT)*** is the most employed OS,so most of the research efforts have been focused on its malware protection rather than on other operating *** a result,hundreds of research articles,documents,and methodologies dedicated to malware analysis have been ***,there has not been much literature concerning Linux security and protection from *** address all these new challenges,it is necessary to develop a methodology that can standardize the required steps to perform the malware analysis in depth.A systematic analysis process makes the difference between good and ordinary malware ***,a deep malware comprehension can yield a faster and much more efficient malware *** order to address all mentioned challenges,this article proposed a methodology for malware analysis in the Linux operating system,which is a traditionally overlooked field compared to the other operating *** proposed methodology is tested by a specific Linux malware,and the obtained test results have high effectiveness in malware detection.

关键词： Malware analysis methodology analysis Linux malware IoT malware

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New hopes to repair nervous system injuries by learning from nerve regeneration in deer antler

New hopes to repair nervous system injuries by learning from...

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第二届中国鹿业发展大会

作者： manuel Nieto-diaz Molecular Neuroprotection and Spontaneous Neuro-Regeneration Group Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos(SESCAM) Finca La Peraleda s/n 45071 Toledo Spain

Nerve system damages are a major cause of impairment in modem *** deficits arising from nerve system injuries result from the interruption of the nerve circuits due to the death of nerve cells and the section of nerve fibers(axotomy) that follow nerve system *** modest success achieved in the treatment on these injuries,despite more than a century of neurological research and surgical innovation,

关键词： nerve regeneration injury velvet antler

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Effects of Neonatal Undernutrition on Development of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Pyramidal Cells in the Rat

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2014年第1期4卷 49-57页

作者： Carmen Torrero Mirelta Regalado Lorena rubio manuel Salas Department of Developmental Neurobiology and Neurophysiology Institute of Neurobiology National Autonomous University of Mexico Campus UNAM Juriquilla Queretaro Mexico

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) of the rat plays a role in the encoding of neuronal signals involved in conflict-induced behavioral adjustment, working memory, planning and executive abilities, attentional control and other cognitive responses. In altricial species, early perinatal undernutrition interferes with the morphofunctional organization of a number of central nervous system (CNS) structures including the prefrontal cortex. The effects of neonatal undernutrition on dendritic arbor density, perikaryon measurements, and the number of spines (detected by rapid-Golgi) of basilar dendritic segments in layer III pyramidal neurons of the dlPFC were examined in male Wistar rats on postnatal (PDs) 12, 20, and 30. In the underfed (U) subjects the distal portions of the dendritic arbors had a consistent hipoplasia, mainly on PD 30, with reduced cross sectional area, perimeter, and spine densities on the basilar dendrites on all days studied. Thus, the alterations of the dlPFC pyramidal neurons may interfere with the plastic synaptic activity and cognitive performance of rats subjected to the stress of early underfeeding. Characterizing these anatomical alterations may help to understand the disrupted cognitive processes associated with neonatal undernutrition.

关键词： Neonatal Undernutrition Prefrontal Cortex Development Stressed Rats

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Parabrachial neuron development: Effects of pre- and neonatal undernutrition in the rat

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Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology 2012年第4期2卷 112-118页

作者： Carmen Torrero Mirelta Regalado Lorena rubio manuel Salas Department of Developmental Neurobiology and Neurophysiology Institute of Neurobiology University of Mexico Queretaro Mexico.

Pre-and neonatal fasting in the rat has been used as an experimental model to obtain information on how the newborn gustatory system can be damaged, in- terfering with the basic sensory and hedonic proc- esses to different tastants. Fasting during the prenatal period and for 24 days postnatally results in signifi- cant reductions of body and brain weight, number of branches, dendritic density, and cross-sectional area of the PBN multipolar neurons in the central lateral and central medial subnucleus particularly at post- natal days 20 and 30. Furthermore, the underfeeding paradigm affected more the middle portions of the dendritic tree than other parts of the neurons possibly disturbing the afferent characteristics of neuronal acti- vity propagation that may partly disrupt the elabora- tion of synaptic plasticity at later ages. These findings may play a role in the development of complex physio- logical phenomena such as food intake, taste discrimi- nation, learning taste aversion, and appetitive beha- vior.

关键词： Parabrachial Neurons Development Brainstem Undernutrition Rats

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Development of the Gusto Facial Reflex in Perinatally Undernourished Rats

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2012年第3期2卷 308-314页

作者： manuel Salas Carmen Torrero Mirelta Regalado Lorena rubio Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología Instituto de Neurobiología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus UNAM Juriquilla Querétaro México

In the rat, the taste system plays a critical role in motivating the animal to consume nutrients and avoid toxic substances. In neonatal rat the orofacial movements can be modified by the application of sucrose and quinine in the mouth, producing ingestion or rejection responses, respectively, but there is no information available on the gusto facial reflexes (GFR) under perinatal fasting. The aim of the present study was to determine how undernutrition can affect the development of orofacial responses to sucrose, quinine, and NaCl during early development. Pregnant dams were undernourished by being given 50% of a balanced diet from G6 to G12, 60% from G13-G18, and 100% from G19-G21. On postpartum days 0 - 9, prenatally underfed (UG) pups continued the undernourishment by remaining for 12 h with a foster dam and 12 h with a nipple-ligated mother. Stimuli were presented as a single droplet of sucrose (S), sodium chloride (NaCl), quinine hydrochloride (Q), and water (W) onto the lips at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 days of age, and mouth-opening frequency (MO) and lip-licking frequency (LL) were analyzed. The results show consistent effects associated with age, but not with diet, except in the cases of 0.01 M Q, which provoked in the UG subjects increased MO and the reduction of LL, and 0.1 M Q, which consistently reduced both responses. Moreover, S provoked increases in both MO and LL at 0.1 M while NaCl and water elicited minimal effects on GFR. These data suggest that perinatal undernutrition affects the basic components of the gustatory system necessary to produce GFR in the first postnatal days by possibly interfering with the integration of taste input for food learning and the hedonic aspects of gustatory cues.

关键词： Gusto Facial Reflex Newborn Rats Undernutrition

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High prevalence of viable Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第36期16卷 4558-4563页

作者： Juan L Mendoza Amparo San-Pedro Esther Culebras Raquel Cíes Carlos Taxonera Raquel Lana Elena Urcelay Fernando de la Torre Juan J Picazo manuel Díaz-rubio Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Clinico San Carlos28040 MadridSpain Department of Clinical Microbiology Hospital Clinico San Carlos28040 MadridSpain Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Clinico San Carlos28040 MadridSpain Department of Immunology Hospital Clinico San Carlos28040 MadridSpain

AIM:To examine the detection rate of viable Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis(MAP) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC)].METHODS:Thirty patients with CD(15 with at least one NOD2/CARD15 mutation),29 with UC,and 10 with no inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).were tested for MAP by polymerase chain reaction(specific IS900 fragment) and blood ***:MAP DNA was detected in all original blood samples and 8-wk blood cultures(CD,UC and non-IBD).Positive MAP DNA status was confirmed by dot blot *** 69 cultures were negative by acid-fast Ziehl-Neelsen *** MAP,in spheroplast form,was isolated from the 18-mo blood cultures of all 30 CD patients,one UC patient,and none of the non-IBD *** association was found between positive MAP cultures and use of immunosuppressive drugs or CDassociated single nucleotide ***:MAP is widely present in our area and MAP DNA can be recovered from the blood of CD,UC and non-IBD ***,MAP spheroplasts were only found in CD patients.

关键词： Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease Polymerase chain reaction Genetic susceptibility

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Analysis of the Sensory and Hedonic Impacts of Sweet and Bitter Tastes in Perinatally Underfed Rats

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2014年第9期4卷 423-431页

作者： Lorena rubio-Navarro Carmen Torrero Mirelta Regalado manuel Salas Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología Instituto de Neurobiología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus UNAM Juriquilla Querétaro México

Newborn rats discriminate tastes and generate gustofacial response (GFR) because the neuronal substrate is already operating. The oral application of sucrose or quinine hydrochloride produces a specific GFR. We analyzed the effects of perinatal undernutrition on the GFR development of rats at two cue concentrations. In the undernourished group, pregnant dams received different percentages of a balance diet. After birth, prenatally underfed pups continue the undernourishment by remaining for 12 h with a foster dam, and for 12 h with a nipple-ligated mother. Cues were presented as a single droplet of sucrose, sodium chloride, or quinine at low or high concentrations onto the lips at postnatal days (PDs) 1 and 3, and mouth-opening (MOF) and lip-licking frequencies (LLF) were noted. On PD 1 the undernourished group showed smaller MOF increases in response to low salt and quinine stimuli than the controls but no differences at high concentrations. On PD 3, both low and high concentrations of the sucrose and quinine cues significantly increased the MOF in the underfed compared to the control group. Low but not high salt decreased LLF on PD1 in the underfed compared to the control group. On PD 3 the undernourished pups showed significant increases of LLF with low quinine compared with the control rats, but the reverse was observed with high quinine. These data suggest that perinatal undernutrition affects the development of the sensory and hedonic aspects of taste causing changes in GFR expression.

关键词： Undernutrition Gustofacial Responses Gustatory System Development Rats

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Sweet and Bitter Tastes Evoked Different Neuronal Activation in the Rostral Portion of the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract of Developing Rats

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2012年第3期2卷 291-298页

The impact of the gustatory stimuli on the rostral portion of the nucleus of the solitary tract (rNST) was investigated in developing rats, by using c-fos immunohistochemical staining. Wistar male rats of 5, 15, and 25 days of age were isolated from the mother for 12 h, then stimulated via the intraoral route with quinine, sucrose, or NaCl, and sacrificed 90 min later. The water-stimulated group showed minimal c-fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) compared with taste-stimulated groups that exhibited different FLI in the rNST at the different ages. At all ages the quinine-stimulated group induced FLI in the medial subfield, while sucrose induced FLI in the lateral subfield of the rNST. The intensity of FLI was highest at P15, and it declined at P25. These findings provide detailed insight into the anatomical basis of rNST activation that is involved in early food intake and the learning capacity of the newborn.

关键词： c-fos Rostral Portion of the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract Gustatory Development Rats

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Low prevalence of germline hMSH6 mutations in colorectal cancer families from Spain

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第37期11卷 5770-5776页

作者： Ana Sánchez de Abajo Miguel de la Hoya Alicia Tosar Javier Godino Juan manuel Fernández Jose Lopez Asenjo Beatriz Perez Villamil Pedro Perez Segura Eduardo diaz-rubio Trinidad Caldes Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular Hospital Clinico San Carlos Madrid Spain Servicio de Anatomía Patológica Hospital Clinico San Carlos Madrid Spain Servicio de Oncología Médica Hospital Clinico San Carlos Madrid Spain

AIM: To investigate the prevalence and penetrance of hMSH6 mutations in Spanish HNPCC families that was negative for mutation in hMLH1 or ***: We used PCR-based DGGE assay and direct Sequencing to screen for hMSH6 gene in 91 HNPCC ***: we have identified 10 families with germ-line mutations in the DNA sequence. These mutations included two intronic variation, three missense mutation, one nonsense mutation, and four silent mutations. Among the 10 germ-line mutations identified in the Spanish cohort,8 were novel, perhaps, suggesting different mutational spectra in the Spanish population. Detailed pedigrees were constructed for the three families with a possible pathogenic hMSH6 mutation. The two silent mutations H388H and L758L, detected in a person affected of colorectal cancer at age 29, produce loss of the wild-type allele in the tumor sample. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that expression of MSH6 protein was lost only in the tumors from the carriers of V878A and Q263X ***: Altogether, our results indicate that disease-causing germ-line mutations of hMSH6 are very less frequent in Spanish HNPCC families.

关键词： HNPCC MMR hMSH6 MSI IHC SPANISH

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Helicobacter pylori and oral pathology:Relationship with the gastric infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第29期20卷 9922-9935页

作者： Isabel Adler Andrea Muio Silvia Aguas Laura Harada Mariana diaz Adriana Lence Mario Labbrozzi Juan manuel Muio Boris Elsner Alejandra Avagnina Valeria Denninghoff Oral Diseases Curriculum School of DentistryUniversity of Buenos AiresC1053ABJ Buenos AiresArgentina Department of Pathology Center for Medical Education and Clinical Research "Norberto Quirno" (CEMIC)1425 Buenos AiresArgentina National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) Career Member

Helicobacter pylori(***)has been found in the oral cavity and stomach,and its infection is one of the most frequent *** reviewed the literature and conducted a Topic Highlight,which identified studies reporting an association between ***-infection in the oral cavity and ***-positive stomach *** work was designed to determine whether *** is the etiologic agent in periodontal disease,recurrent aphthous stomatitis(RAS),squamous cell carcinoma,burning and *** selection focused on the highest quality studies and *** selected 48 articles reporting on the association between saliva and plaque and *** order to assess periodontal disease data,we included 12 clinical trials and 1 *** evaluated 13 published articles that addressed the potential association with RAS,and 6 with squamous cell *** publications focused on our questions on burning and *** is a close relation between *** infection in the oral cavity and the *** mouth is the first extra-gastric *** the role of *** in the etiology of squamous cell carcinoma,no evidence is still available.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Oral pathology Gastric infection Burning and halitosis Recurrent aphthous stomatitis

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