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Open avenues for carotenoid biofortification of plant tissues

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Plant Communications 2023年第1期4卷 228-237页

作者： Luca Morelli manuel Rodriguez-Concepcion Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology(IBMCP) CSIC-Universitat Polite`cnica de Vale`ncia46022 ValenciaSpain Department of Biology&CESAM&ECOMARE Universidade de Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal

Plant carotenoids are plastidial isoprenoids that function as photoprotectants,pigments,and precursors of apocarotenoids such as the hormones abscisic acid and *** do not produce carotenoids but need to obtain them from their diet as precursors of retinoids,including vitamin *** also provide numerous other health *** attempts to improve the carotenoid profile of different crops have been carried out by manipulating carotenoid biosynthesis,degradation,and/or ***,we will focus on open questions and emerging subjects related to the use of biotechnology for carotenoid *** impressive achievements,new efforts should be directed to extend the use of genome-editing technologies to overcome regulatory constraints and improve consumer acceptance of the carotenoid-enriched *** challenge is to prevent off-target effects like those resulting from altered hormone levels and metabolic *** on biofortification of green tissues should also look for new ways to deal with the negative impact that altered carotenoid contents may have on *** a carotenoid-enriched product has been obtained,additional effort should be devoted to confirming that carotenoid intake from the engineered food is also *** involves ensuring post-harvest stability and assessing bioaccessibility of the biofortified product to confirm that release of carotenoids from the food matrix has not been negatively *** addressing these challenges will ensure new milestones in carotenoid biotechnology and biofortification.

关键词： biofortification biotechnology carotenoids plastidial isoprenoids vitamin A

A Computational Comparison of Ether and Ester Electrolyte Stability on a Ca Metal Anode

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Energy Material Advances 2021年第1期2021卷 24-36页

作者： Diana Liepinya manuel Smeu Department of Physics Binghamton UniversityBinghamtonNYUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA

Ca-ion batteries(CIBs)have the potential to provide inexpensive energy storage,but their realization is impeded by the lack of suitable *** by recent experimental progress,we perform ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to investigate early decomposition reactions at the anode-electrolyte *** examining different combinations of solvent—tetrahydrofuran(THF)or ethylene carbonate(EC)—and salt—Ca(BH_(4))_(2),Ca(BF_(4))_(2),Ca(BCl_(4))_(2),and Ca(ClO_(4))_(2)—we identify a variety of behavioral trends between electrolyte ***,we perform a separate trajectory with pure THF and gradually increased negative charge;despite an addition of-32e,no THF decomposition is *** analysis reveals that in a reductive environment,THF distributes excess charge evenly across its hydrocarbon backbone,while EC concentrates charge on its ester oxygens and carbonyl carbon,resulting in *** of charge *** for both solvents reveal that EC decomposition products can be reduced by up to five electrons,while those of THF are limited to a single ***,we find Ca(BH4)2 and THF to be the most stable solution investigated herein,corroborating experimental evidence of its suitability as a CIB electrolyte.

关键词： electrolyte backbone realization

Importance of human leukocyte antigen antibodies and leukocyte antigen/killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor genes in liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第5期29卷 766-772页

作者： manuel Muro Isabel Legaz Immunology Service University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia(IMIB)Murcia 30120Spain Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine Biomedical Research Institute(IMIB)Regional Campus of International Excellence“Campus Mare Nostrum”Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MurciaMurcia 30120Spain

Many mechanisms have been proposed to explain the hypothetical state of hepatic tolerance,which is described by eventual imbalances or deregulation in the balance of cytokines,mediators,effectors,and regulatory cells in the complex milieu of the *** this section,we will comment on the importance of donorspecific anti-human leukocyte antigen(HLA)antibodies(DSA)as well as the compatibility and pairings of HLA and killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor(KIR)genotypes in the evolution of liver ***,HLA compatibility,viral infections,and HLA-C/KIR combinations have all been linked to liver transplant rejection and *** have been reports of increased risk of acute and chronic rejection with ductopenia,faster graft fibrosis,biliary problems,poorer survival,and even de novo autoimmune hepatitis when DSAs are present in the *** mean fluorescence intensity(MFI)values of the DSAs and smaller graft size were associated with poorer patient outcomes,implying that high-risk patients with preformed DSAs should be considered for selecting the graft placed and desensitization methods,according to the ***,in a combined kidney-liver transplant,a pretransplant with a visible expression of several DSAs revealed that these antibodies were resistant to *** renal graft was lost owing to antibody-mediated rejection(AMR).The HLA antigens expressed by the transplanted liver graft influenced antibody *** are increasingly diagnosing AMR in liver transplants,and desensitization therapy has even been employed in situations of AMR,particularly in patients with DSAs in kidney-hepatic transplants and high-class II MFI due to *** conclusion,after revealing the negative impacts of DSAs with high MFI,pretransplant virtual crossmatch techniques may be appropriate to improve evolution;however,they may extend cold ischemia periods by requiring the donor to be typed.

关键词： Acute rejection Alloantibodies donor-specific antibodies-donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies Chronic rejection Human leukocyte antigen matching Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor matching Liver transplant

Dissecting symbiosis cell by cell

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Molecular Plant 2023年第2期16卷 308-309页

作者： manuel Frank Dugald Reid Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus UniversityUniversitetsbyen 818000Aarhus CDenmark Department of Animal Plant and Soil SciencesSchool of AgricultureBiomedicine and EnvironmentLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIC 3086Australia

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legumes occurs in specialized root organs called *** development requires coordination across tissues as infection progresses from the epidermis to growing nodules derived from the cortex or ***,functional nodules include a variety of specialized cells,including those that house the nitrogen-fixing *** combination of developmental changes across tissues and specialized functions acquired by nodule cells makes dissecting the process difficult using bulk analysis of gene expression,proteins,and metabolites.

关键词： organs cortex specialized

Pancreatic cancer in 2021:What you need to know to win

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第35期27卷 5851-5889页

作者： Valeria Tonini manuel Zanni Department of Medical Sciences and Surgery University of Bologna-Emergency Surgery UnitIRCCS Sant’Orsola HospitalBologna 40121Italy University of Bologna Emergency Surgery UnitIRCCS Sant'Orsola HospitalBologna 40121Italy

Pancreatic cancer is one of the solid tumors with the worst ***-year survival rate is less than 10%.Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment,but the tumor is often diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease and surgery could be performed in a very limited number of ***,surgery is still associated with high post-operative morbidity,while other therapies still offer very disappointing *** article reviews every aspect of pancreatic cancer,focusing on the elements that can improve *** was written with the aim of describing everything you need to know in 2021 in order to face this difficult challenge.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer treatment Advanced pancreatic cancer Metastatic pancreatic cancer Pancreatic cancer surgery Pancreatic cancer chemotherapy Pancreatic cancer screening

Why is early detection of colon cancer still not possible in 2023?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期30卷 211-224页

作者： Valeria Tonini manuel Zanni Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

Colorectal cancer(CRC)screening is a fundamental tool in the prevention and early detection of one of the most prevalent and lethal *** the years,screening,particularly in those settings where it is well organized,has succeeded in reducing the incidence of colon and rectal cancer and improving the prognosis related to *** considerable advancements in screening technologies and strategies,the effectiveness of CRC screening programs remains less than *** paper examined the multifaceted reasons behind the persistent lack of effect-iveness in CRC screening *** a critical analysis of current methodologies,technological limitations,patient-related factors,and systemic challenges,we elucidated the complex interplay that hampers the successful reduction of CRC morbidity and mortality *** acknowledging the ad-vancements that have improved aspects of screening,we emphasized the necessity of addressing the identified barriers *** study aimed to raise awareness of how important CRC screening is in reducing costs for this *** and early diagnosis are not only important in improving the prognosis of patients with CRC but can lead to an important reduction in the cost of treating a disease that is often diagnosed at an advanced *** more sooner can mean saving money later.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Colorectal cancer screening Colorectal screening test Colon and rectal cancer

The role of solvents in the formation of methylammonium lead triiodide perovskite

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 393-400页

作者： Junke Jiang Jose manuel Vicent-Luna Shuxia Tao Materials Simulation andModelling.Department of Applied Physics Eindhoven University of Technology.Eindhoven 5600 MB.the Netherlands Center for Computational Energy Research Department of Applied PhysicsEindhoven University of Technology.Eindhoven 5600 MB.the Netherlands

Metal halide perovskites(MHPs) are gaining increasing attention as low-cost, high-performance semiconductors for optoelectronics. In particular, their solution processing is compatible with the largescale manufacturing of thin-film devices, including solar cells and light-emitting *** the coordination chemistry in precursor-solvent solution and atomistic mechanisms of film formation is of great importance for optimizing the optoelectronic properties of the final *** the methylammonium lead triiodide(MAPbI_(3)) as an example, we study the complex evolution of the molecular species from the solution to the initial stage of the crystallization by using a combination of density functional theory(DFT) calculations and ab-initio molecular dynamics(AIMD) simulations. We focus on the widely employed solvents DMSO and DMF, analyze the structures and energies of the iodoplumbate complexes in the form of simple complex of [PbI_(m)L_(n)]^(2-m))_(x) and polymeric iodoplumbates of([PbI_(m)L_(n)]^(2-m))_(x). Based on the calculated formation enthalpies, we propose reaction schemes of MAPbI_(3) formation in DMSO, DMF and DMF-DMSO binary solvent and explain the advantages of the binary *** highlight the important role of NH...O hydrogen bonds in the formation of iodoplumbates *** calculations indicate unbalanced reaction energies at several elementary reaction steps in either DMF(formation of [PbI_(4)L_(n)]^(2-) being highly favourable) or DMSO(formation of [PbI_(5)L_(n)]^(3- )being retarded).Mixing a small amount of DMSO in DMF gives rise to a better balance in the energies and, therefore,potentially better equilibria in the overall crystallization process and better quality of the final perovskite films.

关键词： MAPbI_(3) Perovskite formation Solvents DFT

Early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer:What strategies to avoid a foretold catastrophe

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第31期28卷 4235-4248页

作者： Valeria Tonini manuel Zanni Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

While great strides in improving survival rates have been made for most cancers in recent years,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)remains one of the solid tumors with the worst *** mortality often overlaps with *** resection is the only potentially curative treatment,but it can be performed in a very limited number of *** order to improve the prognosis of PDAC,there are ideally two possible ways:the discovery of new strategies or drugs that will make it possible to treat the tumor more successfully or an earlier diagnosis that will allow patients to be operated on at a less advanced *** aim of this review was to summarize all the possible strategies available today for the early diagnosis of PDAC and the paths that research needs to take to make this goal ever *** the most recent studies on risk factors and screening modalities,new laboratory tests including liquid biopsy,new imaging methods and possible applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning were reviewed and commented ***,in 2022 the results for this type of cancer still remain discouraging,while a catastrophic increase in cases is expected in the coming *** article was also written with the aim of highlighting the urgency of devoting more attention and resources to this pathology in order to reach a solution that seems more and more unreachable every day.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Early diagnosis Liquid biopsy Pancreatic cancer biomarkers Artificial intelligence Pancreatic cancer screening

Nenofiltration for separation and purification of saccharides from biomass

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021年第4期15卷 837-853页

作者： Xianhui Li Sheng Tan Jianquan Luo manuel Pinelo Process and Systems Engineering Center(PROSYS) Department of Chemical and Biochemical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkDK-2800 LyngbyDenmark State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Saccharide production is critical to the development of biotechnology in the field of food and *** extraction of saccharide from biomass-based hydrolysate mixtures has become a trend due to low cost and abundant biomass *** to conventional methods of fractionation and recovery of saccharides,nanofiltration(NF)has received considerable attention in recent decades because of its high selectivity and low energy consumption and environmental *** this review the advantages and challenges of NF based technology in the separation of saccharides are critically *** membrane processes,i.e.,combining NF with ultrafiltration,can complement each other to provide an efficient approach for removal of unwanted solutes to obtain higher purity ***,use of NF membrane separation technology is limited due to irreversible membrane fouling that results in high capital and operating *** development of NF membrane technology should therefore focus on improving material stability,antifouling ability and saccharide targeting selectivity,as well as on engineering aspects such as process optimisation and membrane module design.

关键词： saccharides nanofiltration membrane hybrid membrane process biomas