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Rice-wheat comparative genomics:Gains and gaps

The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 656-669页

作者： Akila Wijerathna-Yapa Ruchi Bishnoi Buddhini Ranawaka manu Maya Magar Hafeez Ur Rehman Swati G.Bharad Michal T.Lorenc Vinita Ramtekey Sasha Gohar Charu Lata Md.Harun-Or-Rashid Maryam Razzaq Muhammad Sajjad Bhoja *** School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in nature and Agriculture The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding College of AgricultureUmmedganj-KotaAgriculture UniversityKotaRajasthan 324001India Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy Queensland University of Technology(QUT)2 George StreetBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia UWA School of Agriculture and Environment The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia nepal Agriculture Research Council KhumaltarLalitpurNepal Department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan Department of Agricultural Botany Dr Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi VidyapeethAkola 444104MaharashtraIndia ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science MauUttar Pradesh 275103India School of natural Sciences Macquarie UniversityMacquarie ParkNSW 2109Australia ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research Flowrdale 54642ShimlaIndia International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)Bangladesh Office Gulshan-2Dhaka 1212Bangladesh Center for Seed Science University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Biosciences COMSATS University IslamabadPark RoadTarlai KalanIslamabad 45550Pakistan CGIAR’s Excellence in Breeding(EiB)Platform/Accelerated Breeding Initiative International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)El Batán 56237Mexico

Rice and wheat provide nearly 40%of human calorie and protein *** share a common ancestor and belong to the Poaceae(grass)*** their genetic homology is crucial for developing new cultivars with enhanced *** wheat genes and gene families have been characterized based on their rice ***–wheat orthology can identify genetic regions that regulate similar traits in both ***–wheat comparative genomics can identify candidate wheat genes in a genomic region identified by association or QTL mapping,deduce their putative functions and biochemical pathways,and develop molecular markers for marker-assisted breeding.A knowledge of gene homology facilitates the transfer between crops of genes or genomic regions associated with desirable traits by genetic engineering,gene editing,or wide crossing.

关键词： Comparative genomics Orthologs Genes Synteny Genetic engineering Molecular breeding

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Influence of carbide ceramic reinforcements in improving tribological properties of A333 graded hybrid composites

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第7期18卷 1107-1123页

作者： manu Sam n.Radhika Department of Mechanical Engineering Amrita School of EngineeringCoimbatore641112Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamIndia

Aluminium hybrid functionally graded metal matrix composites(FGMMCs),meet growing demands for supreme tribo-mechanical performance in automotive and aviation *** research experimentally compares the influence of carbide ceramics(B_(4)C,SiC,TiC)as reinforcements,in improving reciprocating tribology performance and mechanical strength of A333 hybrid composites against *** cylindrical samples of A333/6 wt%B_(4)C/4 wt%TiC and A333/6 wt%B_(4)C/4 wt%SiC hybrid FGMMCs were developed using horizontal centrifugal *** analysis on both composites revealed increasing ceramic gradient distribution towards outer composite *** rich zone of A333/B_(4)C/SiC hybrid FGMMC showed maximum micro-hardness(198.9 HV)and tensile strength(267.9 MPa).Elemental mapping confirmed effective distribution of ceramics and detected elemental composition of both *** rich layer of A333/B_(4)C/SiC hybrid FGMMC exhibited improved wear resistance in comparison with all three layers of A333/B_(4)C/TiC hybrid FGMMC and ***-body abrasion and tribo-chemical wear were the predominant mechanisms revealed for both composites during worn surface analysis.

关键词： Composites Functional Wear Carbide ceramics

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Tribological and wear performance of centrifuge cast functional graded copper based composite at dry sliding conditions

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第11期26卷 2961-2973页

作者： n.RADHIKA manu SAM Deptartment of Mechanical Engineering Amrita School of Engineering

non lubricated slide performance of functional grade copper matrix composite,fabricated using horizontal centrifuge cast technique was investigated using pin-on-disc *** of wear and friction coefficient of the inner wall thickness of hollow cylindrical cast specimen was analyzed using Taguchi based L27 orthogonal array,where the percentage of graphite particles were observed *** process parameters those influenced the rate of wear directly or indirectly were:applied load(15,25 and 35 n),slide velocity(1.5,2.5 and 3.5 m/s)and slide distance(750,1500 and 2250 m).Rate of wear and friction coefficient showed a proportional dependency with applied load and slide distance,whereas showing a decline during intermediate slide ***-to-noise ratio predicted the minimal tribo-condition,on‘smaller-the-better’*** of Variance technique quantified the influence of affecting parameters,along with their *** analysis was utilized for the validation of the experimental *** and scanning electron microscopy exhibited the wear mechanisms and mechanically mixed layer formation during worn surfaces analysis.

关键词： functional graded materials centrifuge casting adhesive wear Taguchi tribology

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Long term results of use of azathioprine in patients with ulcerative colitis in India

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第45期12卷 7332-7336页

作者： Ajit Sood Vandana Midha neena Sood manu Bansal Departments of Gastroenterology Dayanand Medical College and Hospital Ludhiana 141001 Punjab India Departments of Medicine Dayanand Medical College and Hospital Ludhiana 141001 Punjab India Departments of Pathology Dayanand MedicalCollege and Hospital Ludhiana 141001 Punjab India

AIM： To evaluate the role of azathioprine （AZA） in Indian patients with ulcerative colitis over longer duration of time. METHODS： One hundred fifty six patients with ulcerative colitis who were treated with AZA from January 1995 to December 2003 were reviewed. The indications for its use were as follows：（1） steroid dependent and steroid refractory disease; （2） Azathioprine monotherapy for na＇fve patients with severe disease; and （3） combination therapy （AZA ＋ sulfasalazine or 5-aminosalicylates） for naive patients with severe disease. The data included patient and disease demographics, efficacy and toxicity profile of AZA. Patients with a minimum duration of 6 mo use of AZA were included in this report. RESULTS： Of a total of 156 patients treated with AZA, 45 were excluded from analysis for the following reasons- （follow up less than 6 mo, n = 9; poor follow up, n = 18; adverse affects, n = 18）. In steroid refractory/dependent group the mean number of relapses prior to and post initiation of AZA therapy were 3.28 （± 0.81） and 0.94 （± 0.29） respectively. Discontinuation of steroids could be accomplished in 12 of the 15 steroid dependent patients. The proportion of patients with sustained remission of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years duration were calculated. Eighteen patients experienced adverse effects necessitating withdrawal of AZA （pancreatitis, n = 7; hepatitis, n = 3; gastrointestinal intolerance, n = 2; alopecia, n = 2; and hematological, n = 4） while 13 patients needed dose reduction or temporary withdrawal of the drug. COnCLUSIOn： Azathioprine is well tolerated and has therapeutic benefits lasting as long as 4 years. Adverse effects such as pancreatitis, hepatitis, cytopenias and gastrointestinal symptoms do occur but are controlled by drug withdrawal only.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Azathioprine Immunosuppressive

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Morphological Characterization and Hydrodynamic Behavior of Shortfin Mako Shark(Isurus oxyrinchus)Dorsal Fin Denticles

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第4期16卷 730-741页

作者： Fernandez-Waid Patricia Diez Guzman Bidaguren Inigo Izagirre Urtzi Blanco Jesus Maria Soto manu Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology(PiE-UP V/EHU)University of the Basque CountryBilbao and Areatza z/gPlentzia 48620BizkaiaSpain Marine Research Division AZTITxatxarramendi s/n Sukarrieta 48395BizkaiaSpain Department of nuclear Engineering and Fluid Mechanics School of Engineering(UP V/EHU)University of the Basque CountryPlaza lngeniero Torres Quevedo 148013 BilbaoBizkaiaSpain

The shortfin mako shark(Isurus oxyrinchus)is one of the fastest marine fishes,reaching speeds of up to 70 km·h^-*** speed is related to the skin surface design composed of dermal *** vary in size and shape according to placement on the body and minimize turbulence around the *** objective of this study is to analyze the interaction between seawater flow and denticles on the dorsal ***-resolution microscopy(scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy)were used to measure defined parts of the dermal *** measurements,along with ratios based on length-to-width define three morphologies(rounded,semi-rounded,long)that were 3D *** fluid dynamics simulated fluid passage over reconstructed denticles and describe hy-drodynamic efficiency under different *** increase in angle of inclination produced a relevant increase in the drag coefficient,especially for high velocity *** lowest drag coefficient values were found in long and semi-rounded,followed by rounded *** hydrodynamic behavior of shark skin demonstrates a relation to the morphological characteristics of dermal denticles on the dorsal *** is concluded that the best hydroefficiency relies on the rounded morphology and may serve to design hydrodynamically efficient surfaces or manmade assemblies.

关键词： denticles hydrodynamic mako shark computational fluid dynamics

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Optimal Operating Conditions of an Organic Rankine Cycle under Steady Heat Input

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2017年第12期11卷 759-770页

作者： Yao manu Seshie Yezouma Coulibaly Kokouvi Edem n'Tsoukpoe Laboratory for Solar Energy and Energy Savings (LESEE) Department of Electrical Industrial and Energy EngineeringInternational Institute for Water and Environmental Engineering 01BP594 Ouagadougou 01 Burkina Faso

In the frame of a small scale concentrating solar power plant design and construction in Ouagadougou, an ORC （organic rankine cycle） machine is used to operate as a power block. In order to characterize the system and further optimize its operating conditions, a model is developed in this paper to describe the operating process of the thermodynamic cycle. The so-called model is obtained by interconnecting the mathematical models of its components. Then, simulations are conducted to determine the parameters that impact mostly the efficiency of the system. Furthermore, authors conducted an exergy analysis of the system to evaluate the exergy destruction of every component for a chosen operating condition.

关键词： CSP (concentrating solar power) ORC exergy analysis energy analysis modelling.

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Insulin inhibits the JnK mediated cell death via upregulation of AKT expression in Schwann cells grown in hyperglycemia

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Frontiers in Biology 2018年第2期13卷 137-144页

作者： Mallahalli S. manu Kuruvanthe S. Rachana Gopal M. Advirao Department of Biochemistry Davangere University Davangere Karnataka India

BACKGROUnD： Schwann cells （SCs） are the glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, which forms a thick insulating structure around the axons. Hyperglycemia is known physiologic conditions in both type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ diabetes which causes diabetic neuropathy. But the SC possesses insulin receptors even though glucose uptake is independent of insulin. Since the insulin level is highly altered in diabetes, it is of greater importance to evaluate their role in the Schwann cell survival and death. METHODS： Schwann cells were isolated from neonatal pups and grown with and without insulin in hyperglycemic medium to mimic diabetic condition for 24 and 48 h. We studied the cell viability using 3 （4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl） 2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） and mitochondrial membrane potential （MMP） assay at different time interval on SCs. We also studied the protein and gene expression of Protein Kinase B （AKT） and Jun n-terminal kinase （JnK）, which are greatly involved in cell survival and cell death respectively. RESULTS： The result shows that, high glucose levels for 48 h decrease the SC viability. Hyperglycemic condition induces the SC death by increasing the JnK expression which in turn reduces the MMP of glial cells. However, insulin administration for SCs grown in high glucose condition can reduce the JnK expression by activating AKT signaling pathway. COnCLUSIOn： These observations demonstrate that the proper insulin balance is required for Schwann cells survival in hyperglycemic condition. Therefore, altered insulin signaling can be one of the reasons for demyelination of peripheral neurons in diabetic neuropathy.

关键词： insulin schwann cells apoptosis JnK AKT diabetic peripheral neuropathy

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Designing user-centric transport strategies for urban road space redistribution

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Communications in Transportation Research 2023年第1期3卷 230-248页

作者： manu Sasidharan Mehran Eskandari Torbaghan Yasmin Fathy Christopher D.F.Rogers nicole Metje Jennifer Schooling Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridgeCB21PZUK School of Engineering University of BirminghamBirminghamEdgbastonB152TTUK

Cities worldwide are geared to promote economic growth,improve accessibility,address environmental issues,and enhance the quality of ***,the processes that lead to the design of urban roads,particularly the space distribution,reflect the inequalities existing in the fabric of our *** often have shorter travel time and more space than passengers of other ***,the existing transport appraisal and planning tools that frame sustainable transport policies fall short of considering the dimension of social ***,our urban transport systems are essential areas for advancing sustainability through a transport justice-based approach to planning that can pivot the distribution of infrastructure investments over different social groups and transport *** study proposes such an approach by which such suitable urban transport strategies can be identified,co-created with users and appraised while considering the commuters’***,the interaction between the multidimensional characteristics of sustainability and the principles of transport justice are *** proposed approach is applied to London and *** results show that a transparent and holistic approach to integrating users within transport planning is an effective way to reflect diverse needs and local circumstances and thereby ensure a just transition to sustainable urban transport *** results from the case studies highlight a strong rationale for the centrality of justice in any urban transport planning and policy making efforts,particularly in the allocation of road space.

关键词： Urban transport Sustainability Road space allocation Cost-benefit analysis

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Effect of intra-abdominal pressure on respiratory function in patients undergoing ventral hernia repair

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2013年第2期2卷 9-16页

作者： Konstantin M Gaidukov Elena n Raibuzhis Ayyaz Hussain Alexey Y Teterin Alexey A Smetkin Vsevolod V Kuzkov manu LnG Malbrain Mikhail Y Kirov Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine Northern State Medical University Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine City Hospital #1 of Arkhangelsk Department of General Surgery City Hospital #1 of Arkhangelsk Intensive Care Unit and High Care Burn Unit Ziekenhuis Netwerk Antwerpen ZNA Campus Stuivenberg

AIM: To determine the influence of intra-abdominal pressure(IAP) on respiratory function after surgical repair of ventral hernia and to compare two different methods of IAP measurement during the perioperative period. METHODS: Thirty adult patients after elective repair of ventral hernia were enrolled into this prospective *** monitoring was performed via both a balloontipped nasogastric probe [intragastric pressure(IGP), Ci MOn, Pulsion Medical Systems, Munich, Germany] and a urinary catheter [intrabladder pressure(IBP), Uno Meter Abdo-Pressure Kit, Uno Medical, Denmark] on five consecutive stages:(1) after tracheal intubation(AI);(2) after ventral hernia repair;(3) at the end of surgery;(4) during spontaneous breathing trial through the endotracheal tube; and(5) at 1 h after tracheal extubation. The patients were in the complete supine position during all study ***: The IAP(measured via both techniques) increased on average by 12% during surgery compared to AI(P nd by 43% during spontaneous breathing through the endotracheal tube(P n parallel, the gradient between РаСО2 and Et CO2 [Р(а-et)CO2] rose significantly, reaching a maximum during the spontaneous breathing trial. The PаO2/Fi O2 decreased by 30% one hour after tracheal extubation(P = 0.02). The dynamic compliance of respiratory system reduced intraoperatively by 15%-20%(P nificant correlation between IGP and IBP(r = 0.65-0.81, P n bias varying from-0.19 mm Hg(2SD 7.25 mm Hg) to-1.06 mm Hg(2SD 8.04 mm Hg) depending on the study stage. Taking all paired measurements together(n = 133), the median IGP was 8.0(5.5-11.0) mm Hg and the median IBP was 8.8(5.8-13.1) mm Hg. The overall r2 value( n = 30) was 0.76(P nd and Altman analysis showed an overall bias for the mean values per patient of 0.6 mm Hg(2SD 4.2 mm Hg) with percentage error of 45.6%. Looking at changes in IAP between the different study stages

关键词： Intra-abdominal pressure Gastric pressure Bladder pressure Intra-abdominal hypertension Hernia Oxygenation Respiratory function

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Laser Remelting of Plasma Sprayed niCrAlY and niCrAlY-Al_2O_3 Coatings

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2001年第5期17卷 525-528页

作者： Yingna WU, Gang ZHA nC, Bingchun ZHAnG, Zhongchao FEnG and Yong LIAnG Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China Fangjun LIU Key Laboratory for High Energy Density Beam Processing Technology, Beijing Aeronautical manu Inst. of Metal Res. Chinese Acad. of Sci. Shenyang 110016 China

Two types of plasma sprayed coatings (niCrAlY and niCrAlY-A12O3) were remelted by a 5 kW cw CO2 laser. With increasing laser power and decreasing traverse speed in the ranges of 200-700 W and 5-30 mm/s respectively, the melted track grew in width and depth. In the optimum range of laser parameters, a homogeneous remelted layer without voids, cavities, unmelted particles and microcracks was formed. On the surface of remelted layers, Al203 and YAIO3 were detected. As a result of isothermal oxidation tests, weight gains of laser remelted coatings were obviously lower than that only plasma sprayed, especially laser remelted niCrAlY-Al2O3 coatings. The effects of laser remelting and incorporation of A12O3 second phase in n1CrAlY matrix on high temperature oxidation resistance were discussed.

关键词： ni Laser Remelting of Plasma Sprayed niCrAlY and niCrAlY-Al2O3 Coatings TBCS Al

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