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Genomes reveal selective sweeps in kiang and donkey for high-altitude adaptation

Zoological Research 2021年第4期42卷 450-460页

作者： Lin Zeng He-Qun Liu Xiao-Long Tu Chang-Mian Ji Xiao Gou Ali Esmailizadeh Sheng Wang Ming-Shan Wang Ming-Cheng Wang Xiao-Long Li Hadi Charati Adeniyi CAdeola Rahamon Akinyele Moshood Adedokun Olatunbosun Oladipo Sunday Charles Olaogun Oscar JSanke mangbon godwin f Sheila Cecily Ommeh Bernard Agwanda Jacqueline Kasiiti Lichoti Jian-Lin Han Hong-Kun Zheng Chang-fa Wang Ya-Ping Zhang Laurent A.f.frantz Dong-Dong Wu State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions Institute of Tropical Bioscience and BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikouHainan 571101China College of Animal Science and Technology Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingYunnan 650201China Department of Animal Science Faculty of AgricultureShahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanPB 76169-133Iran Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Institute of Three-River-Source National Park Chinese Academy of SciencesXiningQinghai 810008China School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK Department of Genetics Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkNY 10461USA Annoroad Gene Tech.(Beijing)Co. Ltd.Beijing 100176China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic AnimalsGermplasm Bank of Wild SpeciesKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Department of Veterinary Medicine University of IbadanIbadan 200284Nigeria federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology Moor-PlantationIbadan 234102Nigeria Taraba State Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources Jalingo 660221Nigeria Division of Veterinary Office Serti 663101Nigeria Institute for Biotechnology Research Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi 62000-00200Kenya Department of Zoology National Museums of KenyaNairobi 40658-00100Kenya State Department of Livestock Ministry of AgricultureLivestockFisheries and IrrigationN

Over the last several hundred years,donkeys have adapted to high-altitude conditions on the Tibetan Plateau.Interestingly,the kiang,a closely related equid species,also inhabits this region.Previous reports have demonstrated the importance of specific genes and adaptive introgression in divergent lineages for adaptation to hypoxic conditions on the Tibetan Plateau.Here,we assessed whether donkeys and kiangs adapted to the Tibetan Plateau via the same or different biological pathways and whether adaptive introgression has occurred.We assembled a de novo genome from a kiang individual and analyzed the genomes of five kiangs and 93 donkeys(including 24 from the Tibetan Plateau).Our analyses suggested the existence of a strong hard selective sweep at the EPAS1 locus in kiangs.In Tibetan donkeys,however,another gene,i.e.,EGLN1,was likely involved in their adaptation to high altitude.In addition,admixture analysis found no evidence for interspecific gene flow between kiangs and Tibetan donkeys.Our findings indicate that despite the short evolutionary time scale since the arrival of donkeys on the Tibetan Plateau,as well as the existence of a closely related species already adapted to hypoxia,Tibetan donkeys did not acquire adaptation via admixture but instead evolved adaptations via a different biological pathway.

关键词： Kiang Donkey High altitude Adaptation Selection

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A novel three-step implicit iteration process for threeΦ-hemicontractive mapping in the intermediate sense

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2023年第2期38卷 248-263页

作者： godwin Amechi Okeke Austine Efut Ofem functional Analysis and Optimization Research Group Laboratory(fANORG) Department of Math-ematicsSchool of Physical SciencesFederal University of Technology OwerriP.M.B.1526 OwerriImo StateNigeria School of Mathematics Statistics and Computer ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalDurbanSouth Africa Department of Mathematics University of UyoUyoNigeria

In this paper,we introduce a three-step composite implicit iteration process for approximating the common fixed point of three uniformly continuous and asymptotically generalizedΦ-hemicontractive mappings in the intermediate sense.We prove that our proposed iteration process converges to the common fixed point of three finite family of asymptotically generalizedΦ-hemicontractive mappings in the intermediate sense.Our results extends,improves and complements several known results in literature.

关键词： xed point asymptotically genralizedΦ-hemicontractive mapping in the intermediate sense uniformly continuos implicit iteration process strong convergence Banach spaces

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Safeguarding transcriptional memory: a mitotic bookmarking role for chromatin remodelers

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第11期8卷 5132-5133页

作者： godwin Sokpor Huu Phuc Nguyen Tran Tuoc Department of Human Genetics Ruhr University of BochumBochumGermany Lincoln Medical School University of LincolnLincolnUK

A recent study published in Nature reveals an interaction between SWI/SNf subunits and mitotic chromatin,which is essential for establishing gene bookmarks and preserving cell identity.1 The findings deepen our understanding of how SWI/SNf complexes regulate transcriptional memory heritability for cell fate commitment(fig.1),thus validating the indispensability of SWI/SNf complexes in development and association of their perturbance with tumorigenesis and neurodevelopment disorders.

关键词： establishing complexes preserving

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Outlook:Sorghum as a feed grain for Australian chicken-meat production

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第1期4卷 17-30页

作者： Peter H.Selle Amy f.Moss Ha H.Truong Ali Khoddami David J.Cadogan Ian D.godwin Sonia Y.Liu Poultry Research foundation The University of Sydney Sydney Institute of Agriculture Faculty of ScienceThe University of Sydney feedworks School of Agriculture and food Sciences The University of Queensland

This review is an outlook for sorghum as a feed grain for broiler chickens based on a survey of relevant stake-holders and recent research outcomes.Australian grain sorghum production will probably continue to generate a harvest in the order of 2.5×10~6t of which some 7.9×10~5t will be used as a feed grain for poultry and pigs.feed grains are included primarily to provide energy from starch,but energy utilisation by broiler chickens offered sorghum-based diets is relatively inferior,because of incomplete starch digestion.Kafirin,the dominant protein fraction,‘non-tannin’phenolic compounds and phytate are 3‘starch extrinsic’factors in sorghum that compromise starch digestibility and energy utilisation in broiler chickens offered sorghum-based diets.Kafirin concentrations in 6 sorghum varieties were negatively correlated with metabolizable energy to gross energy(ME:GE)ratios(r=0.891;Pfficiency of energy utilisation in broiler chickens.Importantly,kafirin proportions of sorghum protein may be increasing with time in Australia.If so,this represents a fundamental challenge to sorghum breeders which presumably could be met by the development of sorghum varieties with different characteristics,especially in relation to the g-and b-kafirin fractions.White sorghum varieties contain lower polyphenol concentrations which should be advantageous as concentrations of total phenolic compounds were negatively correlated to ME:GE ratios(r=0.838;Pf more white varieties were to become available.It is suggested that responses to exogenous phytase in birds offered sorghum-based diets would be more robust if sorghum were to contain lower concentrations of kafirin and phenolic compounds.Paradoxically,while better sorghum varieties almost certainly could be developed,it may not necessarily follow that they will command a price premium from poultry and pig producers.

关键词： Kafirin Phenolic compounds Phytate Poultry Sorghum Starch

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Design and Construction of a Microcontroller Based Electronic Moving Message Display

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第4期12卷 434-454页

作者： Titus Taofk Ogunseye godwin Babatunde Egbeyale Adekunle K. Bello Adegbenro S. Ajani University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Kwara State University Malete Nigeria Bell University Ota Nigeria

LED-based moving-message displays are becoming appreciated among the general public for transmitting information to groups of people quickly. This work presents a simple design and implementation of a microcontroller-based electronic moving message display system. The design involves the arrangement of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) and the programming of a microcontroller that controls and determines the pattern and session of the display. The implementation of a moving message displays a text containing 22 characters (i.e. WELCOME TO DEPT. Of PHYSICS). The electronic message display helps to pass information, educates, enlightens, facilitates commercial activities through the advertisement and marketing of goods and services, description of places, etc. The ease in which it displays information makes it a veritable, suitable, and excellent tool for passing information fast and pleasurable to the public. furthermore, it enhances the response to information in an attractive way and manner in which it displays messages. The microcontroller used in this work is the PIC16f84A. It belongs to a class of 8-bit microcontrollers of RISC (reduced instructions set) architecture. Its output controls the switching of the relays through a transistor switching stage that switches its socket. The LED matrix (array) is arranged in parallel and soldered to a Vero board with the microcontroller and other electronic components, such as resistors, capacitors, transistors, relays, LEDs, diodes, and transformers. In view, this work served as a means of digging into the technology involved in the use of a microcontroller and some other basic electronic components and enhanced visualization of message display.

关键词： Microcontroller LEDs Transistor Relays Transformer Diodes

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In vivo antiplasmodial activity of Bombax buonopozense root bark aqueous extract in mice infected by Plasmodium berghei

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2017年第4期37卷 431-435页

作者： Akuodor godwin Christian Ezeonu Chinonyelum Thecla Essien Augustine Dick Asika Ebere Chile Chilaka Kingsley Chimsorom Nwachukwu Daniel Ckukwu Nwobodo Ndubuisi Nwobodo Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine Ebonyi State UniversityAbakaliki P.M.B. 053 Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicine Ebonyi State University Abakaliki RM.B.053 Nigeria Department of Pharmacology College of Medical Sciences University of Calabar Calabar P.M.B. 1115 Nigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Health Sciences Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka P.M.B. 5025 Nigeria Department of Physiology College of Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu P.M.B. 1011 Nigeria

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the in vivo antiplasmodial activity and the oral acute toxicity of the Bombax buonopozense root bark aqueous extract.METHODS: The in vivo antiplasmodial activity of the root bark aqueous extract of Bombax buonopozense against early and established rodent malaria infections in chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei strain in mice was investigated, and oral acute toxicity of the aqueous root bark extract of Bombax buonopozense was also evaluated in mice.RESULTS: The findings of this study revealed significant(P f the extract(50-200 mg/kg p.o.) in both suppressive and curative tests. There was also significant decrease in parasitaemia density in the chloroquine treated group. The aqueous extract was found no toxicity in mice and the oral LD50 was determined to be greater than 5000 mg/kg.CONCLUSION: Bombax buonopozense root bark aqueous extract possesses potent antiplasmodial activity and may therefore, serve as potential sources of new antimalarial agents.

关键词：寄生虫感染水提取物疟原虫根皮木棉体内小鼠急性毒性

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Potential dual expansion of domesticated donkeys revealed by worldwide analysis on mitochondrial sequences

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Zoological Research 2020年第1期41卷 51-60页

作者： Xi-Yao Ma Tiao Ning Adeniyi CAdeola Jie Li Ali Esmailizadeh Jacqueline KLichoti Bernard RAgwanda Jainagul Isakova Almaz AAldashev Shi-fang Wu He-Qun Liu Najmudinov Tojiddin Abdulloevich Manilova Elena Afanasevna Khudoidodov Behruz Ibrohimovich Rahamon Akinyele Moshood Adedokun Sunday Charles Olaogun Oscar JSanke godwin fmangbon Xi Chen Wei-Kang Yang Zhe Wang Min-Sheng Peng Sheila COmmeh Yan Li Ya-Ping Zhang State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan 650091China Agriculture College Kunming UniversityKunmingYunnan 650214China Engineering Research Center for Urban Modern Agriculture of Higher Education in Yunnan Province Kunming UniversityKunmingYunnan 650214China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic AnimalsGermplasm Bank of Wild SpeciesKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Department of Animal Science Faculty of AgricultureShahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman PB 76169-133Iran State Department of Livestock Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and FisheriesNairobi 00100Kenya Department of Zoology National Museums of KenyaNairobi 00100Kenya Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicine Bishkek 720040Kyrgyzstan E.N.Pavlovsky Institute of Zoology and Parasitology Academy of Sciences of Republic of TajikistanDushanbe 734025Tajikistan Department of Veterinary Medicine University of IbadanIbadan 200284Nigeria Taraba State Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources Jalingo 660221Nigeria Division of Veterinary Office Serti 663101Nigeria Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqiXinjiang 830011China Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqiXinjiang 830011China Department of Physiology Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei 050017China Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Science Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei 050017China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China Animal Biotechnology Group Institute of Biotechnology ResearchJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyNairob

Molecular studies on donkey mitochondrial sequences have clearly defined two distinct maternal lineages involved in domestication.However,domestication histories of these two lineages remain enigmatic.We therefore compared several population characteristics between these two lineages based on global sampling,which included 171 sequences obtained in this study(including Middle Asian,East Asian,and African samples)plus 536 published sequences(including European,Asian,and African samples).The two lineages were clearly separated from each other based on whole mitochondrial genomes and partial non-coding displacement loop(D-loop)sequences,respectively.The Clade I lineage experienced an increase in population size more than 8000 years ago and shows a complex haplotype network.In contrast,the population size of the Clade II lineage has remained relatively constant,with a simpler haplotype network.Although the distribution of the two lineages was almost equal across the Eurasian mainland,they still presented discernible but complex geographic bias in most parts of Africa,which are known as their domestication sites.Donkeys from sub-Saharan Africa tended to descend from the Clade I lineage,whereas the Clade II lineage was dominant along the East and North coasts of Africa.furthermore,the migration routes inferred from diversity decay suggested different expansion across China between the two lineages.Altogether,these differences indicated non-simultaneous domestication of the two lineages,which was possibly influenced by the response of pastoralists to the desertification of the Sahara and by the social expansion and trade of ancient humans in Northeast Africa,respectively.

关键词： Donkey lineage Domestication history Population Expansion

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Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Water Hyacinth: Effect of Process Conditions and Magnetite Nanoparticles on Biocrude Yield and Composition

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2021年第4期11卷 157-186页

作者： Dan Egesa Patrick Mulindwa Edward Mubiru Hilda Dinah Kyomuhimbo godwin Aturagaba Industrial Chemistry Section Department of Chemistry School of Physical Sciences College of Natural Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda

In this work, an efficient way of converting the water hyacinth to biocrude oil using magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) as potential catalysts was demonstrated for the first time. MNPs were synthesised by co-precipitation and used in the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of water hyacinth at different reaction conditions (temperature, reaction time, MNPs to biomass ratio and biomass to water ratio). The best reaction conditions were as follows: temperature— 320, reaction time—60 minutes, MNPs to biomass ratio – 0.2 g/g and biomass to water ratio – 0.06 g/g. HTL in presence of MNPs gave highfont-family:Verdana;">er biocrude yields compared to HTL in absence of MNPs. The highest biocrude yield was 58.3 wt% compared to 52.3 wt% in absence of MNPs at similar reaction conditions. The composition of biocrude oil was analysed using GC-MS and elemental analysis. GC-MS results revealed that HTL in presence of MNPs led to an increase in the percentage area corresponding to hydrocarbons and a reduction in the percentage area corresponding to oxygenated compounds, nitrogenated compounds and sulphur compounds. Elemental analysis revealed an increase in the hydrogen and carbon content and a reduction in the nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur content of the biocrude when HTL was done in presence of MNPs compared to HTL in absence of MNPs. The nanoparticles were recovered from the biochar by sonica

关键词： Hydrothermal Liquefaction Water Hyacinth Magnetite Nanoparticles Biocrude Oil

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Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentration in Hand Dug Well Water from Selected Land Uses in Wukari Town, Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2015年第9期3卷 1-10页

作者： Kehinde T. Oyatayo godwin A. Songu Greatest A. Amos Christopher Ndabula Department of Geography Kwararafa University Wukari Nigeria Department of Geography and Regional Planning Federal University Dutsin-Ma Nigeria

Hand dug well water remains the major source of domestic (drinking) water in the city of Wukari. This study was aimed at the assessment of heavy metal concentration in hand dug well water from four land uses of abattoir (A), waste dump site (B), residential (C) and commercial (D) in Wukari Town, Wukari, Taraba State. There are about 76 hand dug wells in the study area and for the purpose of this study. Yamane (1967) sample size technique was adopted. Based on this, 95% confidence level and an error limit of 5% were adopted. Thus, four (4) samples A, B, C and D of hand dug well water purposively drawn from the study area used sterilized bottles. The heavy metals tested for in the water samples include: zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (fe), potassium (K), phosphate, and chromium. The results of the analyses were compared with the NSDWQ*MPL and fEPA (2001) standards. The results shows that the concentration of magnesium and manganese in hand dug well water samples A, B, C and D had higher concentrations than the maximum permissible limits of NSDWQ*MPL and fEPA (2001) standards and the concentration of zinc, copper, iron, potassium, phosphate and chromium in hand dug well water sample A, B, C and D was at different compliance level with NSDWQ*MPL and fEPA (2001) standards. ANOVA (f-ratio) statistics at P_0.05 for variation in heavy metal concentration in hand dug well water from land uses A, B, C and D were insignificant. for now, it can be concluded that hand dug well water in Wukari Town is fit for domestic use, but that efforts should be made to reduce the magnesium and manganese concentration by having control on the anthropogenic factors that lead to such high concentration levels or else, soon this source of water may become unfit for domestic use. It was recommended that aggressive public awareness and enlightenment on possible impacts of hand dug well water pollution from human activities should be embarked upon by relevant agencies.

关键词： Heavy Metals Hand Dug Well Water Water Pollution Safety Standard

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纤维增强塑料接头强度述评 Ⅰ.机械紧固接头

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力学进展 1982年第2期 196-203页

作者： E.W.godwin f.L.Matthews 李盛章

众所周知,复合料材的强度和刚度特性由于包括很多的变量而复杂化。当然,对于传递载荷的复合料材接头,情况尤其复杂。因为除了材料变量以外,接头型式以及与接头的几何形状有关的参数也都必须加以考虑。我们发现,已发表的机械紧固接头方... 详细信息

众所周知,复合料材的强度和刚度特性由于包括很多的变量而复杂化。当然,对于传递载荷的复合料材接头,情况尤其复杂。因为除了材料变量以外,接头型式以及与接头的几何形状有关的参数也都必须加以考虑。我们发现,已发表的机械紧固接头方面的资料,大多是实验结果。本文的目的是对

关键词：接头强度环氧层板铺层顺序紧固

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