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Solution‑Processed Thin Film Transparent Photovoltaics:Present Challenges and Future Development

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Nano-micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 566-600页

作者： Tianle Liu munerah m.S.Almutairi Jie ma Aisling Stewart Zhaohui Xing mengxia Liu Bo Hou Yuljae Cho Um-SJTU Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAWalesUK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Energy Sciences Institute Yale UniversityWest HavenCT 06516USA Future Photovoltaics Research Center Global Institute of Future TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Electrical energy is essential for modern society to sustain economic *** soaring demand for the electrical energy,together with an awareness of the environmental impact of fossil fuels,has been driving a shift towards the utilization of solar ***,traditional solar energy solutions often require extensive spaces for a panel installation,limiting their practicality in a dense urban *** overcome the spatial constraint,researchers have developed transparent photovoltaics(TPV),enabling windows and facades in vehicles and buildings to generate electric *** TPV advancements are focused on improving both transparency and power output to rival commercially available silicon solar *** this review,we first briefly introduce wavelength-and non-wavelengthselective strategies to achieve *** of merit and theoretical limits of TPVs are discussed to comprehensively understand the status of current TPV *** we highlight recent progress in different types of TPVs,with a particular focus on solution-processed thin-film photovoltaics(PVs),including colloidal quantum dot PVs,metal halide perovskite PVs and organic *** applications of TPVs are also reviewed,with emphasis on agrivoltaics,smart windows and ***,current challenges and future opportunities in TPV research are pointed out.

关键词： Transparent semiconductors Solution-processable transparent solar cell Emerging solar cell materials Buildingintegrated photovoltaics

A Wind Tunnel Experimental Study on the Wake Characteristics of a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 145-158页

作者： GUO Xingduo LI Yinran LI Rennian ma Yulong WEI Kui College of Energy and Power Engineering Lanzhou University of Technology Key Laboratory of Fluid machinery and Systems Gansu Provincial Technology Centre for Wind Turbines

The characteristics of wind turbine wakes are influenced by multiple factors,including the atmospheric boundary layer(ABL) wind and wind turbine operating conditions(e.g.,tip speed ratio and yaw angle).In this study,two types of ABL winds with different velocity gradients and turbulence intensities are generated in a wind tunnel through configurations of spires,baffles,and various numbers of roughness elements.A wind turbine with a rotor diameter of 0.8 m and a hub height of 0.6 m is tested under varying tip speed ratios,yaw angles,and ABL wind *** results indicate that the streamwise velocity deficit in the near-wake region becomes more pronounced with an increase in the tip speed ratio,while the far-wake velocity deficit remains largely unaffected by changes in the tip speed *** the yaw angle increases,the wake deflection becomes more prominent and the wake narrows;the offset of the wake center at various downstream positions grows linearly,reaching a maximum value of approximately half the rotor ***,the turbulence level and influence range in the wake region are reduced when the turbine is *** ABL wind conditions,high turbulence intensity in the incoming flow accelerates wake recovery,and the Reynolds stress at different lateral positions tends to become consistent with increasing longitudinal ***,turbulence has a significant impact on the meandering characteristics of the wind turbine wake,with greater fluctuations in the wake center observed under higher turbulence ***,this study provides insights that could inform the optimal operation of wind farms.

关键词： horizontal axis wind turbine turbulence wind tunnel experiment wind turbine wake

A multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based on Decomposition and multi-Selection Strategy

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Computers, materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 997-1026页

作者： Li ma Cai Dai Xingsi Xue Cheng Peng School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an710119China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data mining and Applications Fujian University of TechnologyFuzhou350118China Information Construction and management Center and Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Educational New Productivity Ningxia Normal UniversityGuyuan756099China

The multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm(mOPSO)is widely used to solve multi-objective optimization *** the article,amulti-objective particle swarm optimization algorithmbased on decomposition and multi-selection strategy is proposed to improve the search ***,two update strategies based on decomposition are used to update the evolving population and external archive,***,a multiselection strategy is *** first strategy is for the subspace without a non-dominated *** the neighbor particles,the particle with the smallest penalty-based boundary intersection value is selected as the global optimal solution and the particle far away fromthe search particle and the global optimal solution is selected as the personal optimal solution to enhance global *** second strategy is for the subspace with a non-dominated *** the neighbor particles,two particles are randomly selected,one as the global optimal solution and the other as the personal optimal solution,to enhance local *** third strategy is for Pareto optimal front(PF)discontinuity,which is identified by the cumulative number of iterations of the subspace without non-dominated *** the subsequent iteration,a new probability distribution is used to select from the remaining subspaces to ***,an adaptive inertia weight update strategy based on the dominated degree is designed to further improve the search ***,the proposed algorithmis compared with fivemulti-objective particle swarm optimization algorithms and five multi-objective evolutionary algorithms on 22 test *** results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance.

关键词： multi-objective optimization multi-objective particle swarm optimization decomposition multi-selection strategy

magnetron sputtered nickel oxide with suppressed interfacial defect states for efficient inverted perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 348-355页

作者： Guoqiang ma Qin Tan Zhaoning Li Jingwei Xiu Jiafeng Wang Tianle Cheng Dong He Qiang Sun Xuhang ma Francesco Lamberti Zhubing He Department of materials Science and Engineering Institute of Innovative Materials (I2M) Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG)Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) Core Research Facilities Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemical Sciences Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova

Widely used spin-coated nickle oxide （NiOx） based perovskite solar cells often suffer from severe interfacial reactions between the NiOxand adjacent perovskite layers due to surface defect states,which inherently impair device performance in a long-term view,even with surface molecule *** this study,we developed high-quality magnetron-sputtered NiOxthin films through detailed process optimization,and compared systematically sputtered and spin-coated NiOxthin film surfaces from materials to *** sputtered NiOxfilms exhibit improved crystallinity,smoother surfaces,and significantly reduced Ni3+or Ni vacancies compared to their spin-coated ***,the interface between the perovskite and sputtered NiOxfilm shows a substantially reduced density of defect *** solar cells （PSCs） fabricated with our optimally sputtered NiOxfilms achieved a high power conversion efficiency （PCE） of up to 19.93%and demonstrated enhanced stability,maintaining 86.2% efficiency during 500 h of maximum power point tracking under one standard sun ***,with the surface modification using (4-(2,7-dibromo-9,9-dimethylacridin-10（9H）-yl)butyl)p hosphonic acid （DmacPA）,the device PCE was further promoted to 23.07%,which is the highest value reported for sputtered NiOxbased PSCs so far.

关键词： Perovskite

Integration of Electrical Properties and Polarization Loss modulation on Atomic Fe–N‑RGO for Boosting Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

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Nano-micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 517-532页

作者： Kaili Zhang Yuefeng Yan Zhen Wang Guansheng ma Dechang Jia Xiaoxiao Huang Yu Zhou State Key Laboratory of Precision Welding&Joining of materials and Structures Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China School of materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China mIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural‑Functional Integration materials&Green manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China

Developing effective strategies to regulate graphene’s conduction loss and polarization has become a key to expanding its application in the electromagnetic wave absorption(EmWA)*** on the unique energy band structure of graphene,regulating its bandgap and electrical properties by introducing heteroatoms is considered a feasible ***,metal-nitrogen doping reduced graphene oxide(m–N-RGO)was prepared by embedding a series of single metal atoms m–N_(4) sites(m=mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Nb,Cd,and Sn)in RGO using an N-coordination atom-assisted *** composites had adjustable conductivity and polarization to optimize dielectric loss and impedance matching for efficient EmWA *** results showed that the minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))of Fe–N-RGO reaches−74.05 dB(2.0 mm)and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth(EAB_(max))is 7.05 GHz(1.89 mm)even with a low filler loading of only 1 wt%.Combined with X-ray absorption spectra(XAFS),atomic force microscopy,and density functional theory calculation analysis,the Fe–N_(4) can be used as the polarization center to increase dipole polarization,interface polarization and defect-induced polarization due to d-p orbital hybridization and structural ***,electron migration within the Fe further leads to conduction loss,thereby synergistically promoting energy *** study demonstrates the effectiveness of metal-nitrogen doping in regulating the graphene′s dielectric properties,which provides an important basis for further investigation of the loss mechanism.

关键词： Electromagnetic wave absorption Fe-N-RGO Dipole polarization Conduction loss Impedance matching

Regulation and function of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 6-20页

作者： Xiu-Yun Zhao De-En Xu ming-Lei Wu Ji-Chuan Liu Zi-Ling Shi Quan-Hong ma Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Institute of Neuroscience&Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Jiangnan University Medical CenterWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

The endoplasmic reticulum,a key cellular organelle,regulates a wide variety of cellular *** reticulum autophagy,one of the quality control systems of the endoplasmic reticulum,plays a pivotal role in maintaining endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis by controlling endoplasmic reticulum turnover,remodeling,and *** this review,we briefly describe the endoplasmic reticulum quality control system,and subsequently focus on the role of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy,emphasizing the spatial and temporal mechanisms underlying the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy according to cellular *** also summarize the evidence relating to how defective or abnormal endoplasmic reticulum autophagy contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative *** summary,this review highlights the mechanisms associated with the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy and how they influence the pathophysiology of degenerative nerve *** review would help researchers to understand the roles and regulatory mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum-phagy in neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： autophagy endoplasmic reticulum endoplasmic reticulum autophagy endoplasmic reticulum quality control system endoplasmic reticulum receptors endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation neurodegeneration neurodegenerative disease selective autophagy unfolded protein response

Recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 alleviates learning and memory impairments via m2 microglia polarization in postoperative cognitive dysfunction mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2727-2736页

作者： Yujia Liu Xue Han Yan Su Yiming Zhou minhui Xu Jiyan Xu Zhengliang ma Xiaoping Gu Tianjiao Xia Department of Anesthesiology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina medical School Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of molecular medicine Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a seve re complication of the central nervous system that occurs after anesthesia and surgery,and has received attention for its high incidence and effect on the quality of life of *** date,there are no viable treatment options for postoperative cognitive *** identification of postoperative cognitive dysfunction hub genes could provide new research directions and therapeutic targets for future *** identify the signaling mechanisms contributing to postoperative cognitive dysfunction,we first conducted Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of the Gene Expression Omnibus GSE95426 dataset,which consists of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs differentially expressed in mouse hippocampus3 days after tibial *** dataset was enriched in genes associated with the biological process"regulation of immune cells,"of which Chill was identified as a hub ***,we investigated the contribution of chitinase-3-like protein 1 protein expression changes to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the mouse model of tibial fractu re *** were intraperitoneally injected with vehicle or recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 124 hours post-surgery,and the injection groups were compared with untreated control mice for learning and memory capacities using the Y-maze and fear conditioning *** addition,protein expression levels of proinflammatory factors(interleukin-1βand inducible nitric oxide synthase),m2-type macrophage markers(CD206 and arginase-1),and cognition-related proteins(brain-derived neurotropic factor and phosphorylated NmDA receptor subunit NR2B)were measured in hippocampus by western *** with recombinant chitinase-3-like protein 1 prevented surgery-induced cognitive impairment,downregulated interleukin-1βand nducible nitric oxide synthase expression,and upregulated CD206,arginase-1,pNR2B,and brain-derived neurotropic factor expr

关键词： Chil1 hippocampus learning and memory m2 microglia neuroinflammation postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD) recombinant CHI3L1

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs Víctor Cilleros-mañé Laia Just-Borràs marta Balanyà-Segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal marta Tomàs Carolina Silvera-Simón manel m.Santafé maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

Genesis of geothermal water in the hinterland of Guanzhong Basin， China: Insight from hydrochemical and isotopic analysis

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年

作者： Jiangxia Wang Panpan Xu Hui Qian Yongqi Zang Qiming Wang Zhiyuan ma School of Water and Environment， Chang'an University Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the ministry of Education， Chang'an University Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of ministry of Water Resources， Chang'an University

The Guanzhong Basin， located in Shaanxi Province， China， has abundant geothermal resources in its hinterland. Focusing on typical thermal reservoir structural units， namely the Xianli fault-step (XL) and Xi'an depression (XA)， this study reveals the genesis of geothermal water by combining hydrochemistry and environmental isotopes. The geothermal waters of XL uniformly correspond to the Na-Cl type with high contents of major ions， while the geothermal water of XA has complex hydrochemical types. The quartz geothermometer (with maximum steam loss) and Na-K-Ca geothermometer are recommended for XL and the quartz geothermometer (with no and maximum steam loss) and Na-K geothermometer for XA. Their temperature ranges are 99-159℃ and 93-146℃， respectively. The circulation depth of geofluids in XL and XA range from 2579 to 4766 m and from 2541 to 4330 m， with mean apparent ages of 21543 and 20345 yr B.P.， respectively. The geothermal water in XL originates from a mixture of sedimentary water and ancient infiltration water， and its formation mode was the vertical heat conduction with cooling process. In contrast， the geothermal water in XA originates from the dual process of cooling and mixing， with the process being dominated by ancient infiltration water and supplementation by modern infiltration water.

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