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Growth efficiency,intestinal biology,and nutrient utilization and requirements of black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens)larvae compared to monogastric livestock species:a review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1262-1281页

作者： Mohammad M.Seyedalmoosavi manfred Mielenz Teun Veldkamp Gurbuz Das Cornelia C.Metges Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology(FBN) Institute of Nutritional Physiology18196 DummerstorfGermany Wageningen UR Livestock ResearchP.O.Box 3386700AH WageningenNetherlands

In recent years,interest in the larvae of black soldier fly(BSF)(Hermetia illucens)as a sustainable protein resource for livestock feed has increased ***,knowledge on the nutritional and physiological aspects of this insect,especially compared to other conventional farmed animals is *** review presents a critical comparison of data on the growth potential and efficiency of the BSF larvae(BSFL)compared to conventional monogastric livestock *** of BSFL over other monogastric livestock species includes their high growth rate and their ability to convert low-grade organic waste into high-quality protein and fat-rich biomass suitable for use in animal *** using literature data suggest that BSFL are more efficient than broilers,pigs and fish in terms of conversion of substrate protein into body mass,but less efficient than broilers and fish in utilization of substrate gross energy to gain body *** growth efficiency varies greatly depending on the nutrient quality of their dietary *** might be associated with the function of their gastrointestinal tract,including the activity of digestive enzymes,the substrate particle characteristics,and their intestinal microbial *** conceived advantage of BSFL having an environmental footprint better than conventional livestock is only true if BSFL is produced on low-grade organic waste and its protein would directly be used for human ***,their potential role as a new species to better close nutrient cycles in agro-ecological systems needs to be reconsidered,and we conclude that BSFL is a complementary livestock species efficiently utilizing organic waste that cannot be utilized by other *** addition,we provide comparative insight into morpho-functional aspects of the gut,characterization of digestive enzymes,gut microbiota and fiber ***,current knowledge on the nutritional utilization and requirements of BSFL in te

关键词： Black soldier fly Comparative growth performance Farm animals Insects as feed Intestinal function Nutrient cycles Nutrition and physiology

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Helicobacter pyloriin gastric corpus of patients 20 years after partial gastric resection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第17期10卷 2557-2559页

作者： Christian Kirsch Ahmed Madisch Petja Piehler Ekkehard Bayerdrffer manfred Stolte Stephan Miehlke Medical Department I Technical University HospitalDresdenGermany Community Department of Internal Medicine University HospitalMarburgGermany Institute of Pathology Klinikum BayreuthGermany

AIM:To determine the long-term prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(H pylori)gastritis in patients after partial gastric resection due to peptic ulcer,and to compare the severity of Hpylori-positive gastritis in the corpus mucosa between partial gastrectomy patients and matched controls. METHODS:Endoscopic biopsies were obtained from 57 patients after partial gastric resection for histological examination using hematoxylin/eosin and Warthin-Starry *** was graded according to the updated Sydney *** of corpus gastritis was compared between Hpylori-positive partial gastrectomy patients and Hpylori-positive duodenal ulcer patients matched for age and gender. RESULTS:In partial gastrectomy patients,surgery was performed 20 years(median)prior to *** 25 patients(43.8%)Hpyloriwas detected histologically in the gastric *** atrophy was more common in H pylori-positive compared to H pylori-negative partial gastrectomy patients(P<0.05).The severity of corpus gastritis was significantly lower in Hpylori-positive partial gastrectomy patients compared to duodenal ulcer patients (P<0.01).There were no significant differences in the activity of gastritis,atrophy and intestinal metaplasia between the two groups. CONCLUSION:The long-term prevalence of Hpylorigastritis in the gastric corpus of patients who underwent partial gastric resection due to peptic ulcer disease is comparable to the general *** expression of Hpylorigastritis in the gastric remnant does not resemble the gastric cancer phenotype.

关键词： Gastrectomy Helicobacter pylori Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Female Gastric Mucosa Gastritis Helicobacter Infections Humans Male Middle Aged Peptic Ulcer Prevalence Severity of Illness Index Time Factors

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Combined TACE and PEI for palliative treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第39期11卷 6104-6109页

作者： Gerhild Becker Tarik Soezgen manfred Olschewski Joerg Laubenberger Hubert Erich Blum Hans-Peter Allgaier for the Hcc Study Group Department of Medicine Ⅱ Department of Medical Biometry and Statistics and Department of RadiologyUniversity Hospital FreiburgGermany

AIM： To assess whether the effectiveness of a combination of transarterial chemoembolization （TACE） and percutaneous ethanol injection （PEI） in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is superior to TACE alone a randomized controlled trial was performed. METHODS： The effect of combination therapy on longterm survival rates and duration of hospitalization was evaluated in 52 previously untreated HCCs, randomly allocated to TACE-PEI （27 pts） or TACE alone （25 pts）. RESULTS： The cumulative survival rate of the TACE group was 75.8% at 6 mo, 62.9% at 12 mo, and 18.0% at 24 mo and of the TACE-PEI group 76.9%, 61.5%, and 38.7%, respectively. Comparison of overall survival in both groups showed no statistically significant difference. Regarding the patients with HCCs Okuda stage I （n = 26）, the median survival of the TACE-PEI group was significantly longer （〉24 mo, median not yet reached in the study period） compared to the TACE group （18.4 mo [range 11.6-21.7 mo]; P = 0.04）. TACE-PEI reduced the relative risk for mortality to 0.4 （95% CI 0.15-0.96） compared to patients who received TACE alone. Median survival in patients with HCCs Okuda stage Ⅱ or Ⅲ was 5.0 mo in the TACE group （1.7 rno-not defined） compared to 10.4 mo in the TACE-PEI group. CONCLUSION： The combination TACE-PEI improved survival time compared to TACE alone. Our study revealed a statistically significant improved survival in HCCs Okuda stage I. Side effects were minor and the combination therapy did not prolong duration of hospitalization considerably.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Chemoembolization Ethanol injection Combination therapy

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欧洲规范中列车脱轨撞击结构设计的研究

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西南交通大学学报 2014年第3期49卷 444-449页

作者：刘艳辉赵世春 manfred Keuser 西南交通大学土木工程学院四川成都610031 慕尼黑联邦国防军大学土木与环境学院慕尼黑85577

为了研究适用于我国情况的高速铁路列车脱轨撞击临近结构的碰撞机理和设计方法,分析了欧洲规范EN1991-1-7中列车脱轨撞击临近结构条款制定所依据的英国铁路集团标准GC/RT5112和国际铁路联盟规程UIC777-2R,包括轨道两侧危险区域、作用荷... 详细信息

为了研究适用于我国情况的高速铁路列车脱轨撞击临近结构的碰撞机理和设计方法,分析了欧洲规范EN1991-1-7中列车脱轨撞击临近结构条款制定所依据的英国铁路集团标准GC/RT5112和国际铁路联盟规程UIC777-2R,包括轨道两侧危险区域、作用荷载、预防措施等,介绍了欧洲规范EN1991-1-7中偶然荷载的设计策略,评述了对欧洲规范产生重要影响的列车脱轨撞击结构作用机理的主要研究成果.研究表明:欧洲规范关于列车脱轨结构撞击临近结构的研究方法和设计策略值得借鉴,但我国高铁站房结构特点、运行速度、道床做法、车辆编组等与欧洲均不同,需要根据我国的情况研究列车脱轨撞击临近结构问题.

关键词：结构设计策略撞击荷载列车脱轨欧洲规范EN1991-1-7

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Cryoablation of malignant liver tumors: results of a single center study

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2005年第4期4卷 554-560页

作者： Wolfgang Jungraithmayr Dieter Burger manfred Olschewski Stefan Eggstein Department of General Surgery University Hospital of Freiburg Hugstetter Straβe 5579106 FreiburgGermany Department of Radiology University Hospital of Freiburg Hugstetter Straβe 5579106 FreiburgGermany Department of Medical Biometry and Medical Statistics University Hospital of FreiburgHugstetter Straβe 5579106 FreiburgGermany

BACKGROUND: Local ablative procedures such as cryo-surgery and thermo-ablation are increasingly employed as a supplement to liver resection for the therapy of primary and secondary liver tumors. It is still unclear if the survival time can be extended through local ablative procedures. This prospective study shows operative actions, complications and long-term follow-up of 19 patients undergoing cryotherapy. METHODS: Between 1997 and 1998, 19 patients underwent cryotherapy due to a non-resectable malignant liver tumor (17 patients with metastases of a colon carcinoma, 2 patients with a hepatocellular carcinoma). Twelve patients (63.2%) received cryotherapy only and seven patients (36.8%) received a combination of resection and cryotherapy. The median follow-up period was 23 months. RESULTS: In a total of 59 liver tumors (18 were resected and 41 received cryotherapy), 12 had cryotherapy only, and 7 had a combination of cryotherapy and resection. The 30-day lethality was 0%, and the rate of major complications was 21%. After one year, 27.3% of the patients were still recurrence- free. The recurrence rate for all tumors treated was 58.8%. The median survival time for all patients was 21 months. The one- and three-year survival rates were 62. 5% and 15.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The mortality for cryotherapy is low, but there is a high rate of complications and long-term tumor control is not sufficient. If local ablative procedures of hepatic lesions are to be performed, not laparotomy but percutaneous, percutaneous thermoablation should be discussed as an alternative therapeutic measure.

关键词： cryotherapy complications liver tumor survival

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Strictures, diaphragms, erosions or ulcerations of ischemic type in the colon should always prompt consideration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第37期11卷 5828-5833页

作者： manfred Stolte Diana Karimi Michael Vieth Hildegard Volkholz Klaus Dirschmid Sigrid Rappel Birgit Bethke Institute of Pathology Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH Bayreuth 95445 Germany

AIM： To investigate whether NSAIDs/ASA lesions in the colon can histologically be diagnosed on the basis of ischemic necrosis similar to biopsy-based diagnosis of NSAIDs/ASA- induced erosions and ulcers of the stomach. METHODS： In the period between 1997 and 2002, we investigated biopsy materials obtained from 611 patients （415 women, 196 men, average age 60.5 years） with endoscopic focal erosions, ulcerations, strictures or diaphragms in the colon. In the biopsies obtained from these lesions, we always established the suspected diagnosis of NSA/D-inducecl lesions whenever necroses of the ischemic type were found. Together with the histological report, we enclosed a questionnaire to investigate the use of medication. The data provided by the questionnaire were then correlated with the endoscopic findings, the location, number and nature of the lesions, and the histological findings. RESULTS： At the time of their colonoscopy, 86.1% of the patients had indeed been taking NSAID/ASA medication for years （43.9%） or months （29.5%）. The most common indication for the use of these drugs was pain （64.3%）, and the most common indication for colonoscopy was bleeding （55.5%）. Endoscopic inspection revealed multiple erosions and/or ulcers in 60.6%, strictures in 15.8%, and diaphragms in 3.0% of the patients. The lesions were located mainly in the right colon including the transverse colon （79.9%）. A separate analysis of age and sex distribution, endoscopic and histological findings for NSAIDs alone, ASA alone, combined NSAID/ASA, and for patients denying the use of such drugs, revealed no significant differences among the groups. CONCLUSION： This uncontrolled retrospective study based on the histological finding of an ischemic necrosis shows that the histologically suspected diagnosis of NSAID-induced lesions in the colon is often correct. The true diagnostic validity of this finding and the differentiation from ischemic colitis should, however, be investigated in a prospective

关键词： Erosion Ulceration Stricture Diaphragm Ischemic necrose NSAIDs ASA

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Climate and seasonal rainfall anomalies along an elevational gradient in the El Sira Mountains,Peru,and their impacts on tree radial growth

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1521-1538页

作者： Armin Niessner manfred Kuppers James Graham Luis Valenzuela Aylin Guney Sabine Remmele Reiner Zimmermann Institute of Botany 210a University of HohenheimGarbenstraße 3070599 StuttgartGermany Field Museum 1400 S.Lake Shore DriveChicagoIL 60605USA Missouri Botanical Garden Prolongacio´n Bolognesi Mz.E Lote 6Oxapampa-PascoPeru

The explicit purpose of this study was to characterize climate and vegetation along the western slope of the El Sira Mountains(Peru)and evaluate radial tree growth in response to seasonal rainfall *** May 2011 until September 2015,we monitored radial stem growth of 67 trees using point dendrometers and measured climate within five sites along an altitudinal *** transect extends from lowland terra firme forests,over submontane forests,late and mid successional montane cloud forests up to exposed elfin *** rainfall estimates by the TRMM PR satellite(product 3B42)were highly correlated with our rain gauge observations but underestimate rainfall at high *** intra-annual tree growth patterns could be identified within each elevational forest type,showing species with strictly seasonal growth,continuous growth or alternating growth patterns independent of the *** growth at each site was generally larger during rainy seasons,except for the elfin *** rainy season from October 2013 to March 2014 was extraordinarily dry,with only 73%of long-term mean precipitation received,which resulted in reduced radial growth,again with the exception of the elfin *** indicates that montane tropical rain forests may suffer from prolonged droughts,while exposed ridges with elfin forests still receive plenty of precipitation and benefit from receiving more solar radiation for photosynthesis.

关键词： Cloud forest Dendrometer Elfin forest Seasonality TRMM PR Tropical montane forest

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Ageing and performance of warm mix asphalt pavements

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2017年第4期4卷 388-394页

作者： Christiane Raab Ingrid Camargo manfred N.Partl Laboratory for Road Engineering/Sealing Components Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA) Department of Civil Engineering University Estadual Paulista

This paper presents results from investigating the ageing behaviour and performance of different warm mix asphalt （WMA） pavement mixtures also called energy reduced pavements. The mixtures were either prepared in the laboratory or taken directly from a mixing plant. The study compared the rutting and fatigue behaviours of unaged material in comparison to long term laboratory aged material. In order to conduct the long term ageing, a special laboratory ageing protocol with different heating, cooling and watering cycles had been developed. The investigation revealed a quite controversial rutting behavior which could not be explained with the available data. While most aged energy reduced pavements showed increased rutting for other mixtures, lower rut depths could be found. As opposed to this finding, fatigue and stiffness of all aged energy reduced pave- ment samples compared to unaged samples improved significantly. The overall results led to the conclusion that the ageing of energy reduced pavement simulated in the laboratory is not very critical regarding their mechanical performance. Therefore, it was confrmed that the application of this type of pavement provides a good solution for saving on CO2 emissions. Another advantage is that by using energy reduced pavements the road con- struction season can be significantly prolonged.

关键词： Warm mix asphalt (WMA)CO2 emissions saving Ageing Long term performance Rutting Fatigue

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CO_(2)化学酶转化的突破:实现立体化学完全可控的可持续人工合成己糖

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Science Bulletin 2023年第20期68卷 2291-2292页

作者： manfred T.Reetz Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of SciencesTianjin 300308China Biocatalysis Section Max-Planck-Institut fur KohlenforschungMulheim an der Ruhr 45470Germany

The capture and transformation of the greenhouse gas CO_(2) into high-value products is currently of paramount importance worldwide,with many different approaches being conceived and tested[1-6].The transformation CO_(2) into carbohydrates is a particularly intriguing idea,but putting it into reality is challenging due to the necessary complete control in the creation of stereo-centers and ensuring sufficient *** far,the results are not overly convincing[7].The inspiration for solving this fundamental problem is manifold,inter alia,because carbohydrates(sugars)contribute significantly to energy storage and provide carriers for human living,especially important biologically active *** also constitute the main resource for industrial biomanufacturing.

关键词：立体化学 manifold sugar

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Up to 70 THz bandwidth from an implanted Ge photoconductive antenna excited by a femtosecond Er:fibre laser

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1716-1722页

作者： Abhishek Singh Alexej Pashkin Stephan Winnerl Malte Welsch Cornelius Beckh Philipp Sulzer Alfred Leitenstorfer manfred Helm Harald Schneider Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf01328 DresdenGermany Cfaed and Institute of Applied Physics TU Dresden01062 DresdenGermany Department of Physics and Center for Applied Photonics University of Konstanz78457 KonstanzGermany

Phase-stable electromagnetic pulses in the THz frequency range offer several unique capabilities in time-resolved ***,the diversity of their application is limited by the covered spectral *** particular,the upper frequency limit of photoconductive emitters-the most widespread technique in THz spectroscopy-reaches only up to 7 THz in the regular transmission mode due to absorption by infrared-active optical ***,we present ultrabroadband(extending up to 70 THz)THz emission from an Au-implanted Ge emitter that is compatible with mode-locked fibre lasers operating at wavelengths of 1.1 and 1.55μm with pulse repetition rates of 10 and 20 MHz,*** result opens up the possibility for the development of compact THz photonic devices operating up to multi-THz frequencies that are compatible with Si CMOS technology.

关键词： antenna emitter fibre

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