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New insights on thermal ageing of electrical insulating oils as revealed from photoluminescence and absorption spectroscopy

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High Voltage 2024年第5期9卷 1033-1045页

作者： Hesham S.Karaman Eman G.Atiya Diaa-Eldin A.mansour mohsen Ghali Z.m.S.Elbarbary manal m.emara Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Electrical Power and machines Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Department of Electrical Power Engineering Faculty of EngineeringEgypt-Japan University of Science and Technology(E-JUST)New Borg El-Arab CityAlexandriaEgypt Department of Energy materials Institute of Basic and Applied ScienceEgypt-Japan University of Science and Technology(E-JUST)New Borg El-Arab CityAlexandriaEgypt Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikhEgypt Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Center for Engineering and Technology Innovations King Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikhEgypt

Recently,significant efforts have been exerted to replace mineral oil with environmentally friendly oils due to safety and environmental ***,there is a need to clarify the physical mechanisms behind the ageing impact of these *** authors use advanced optical spectroscopy techniques in correlation with dielectric measurements to understand the ageing processes in environmentally friendly oils as well as mineral ***,different samples of environmentally friendly oils and mineral oil were utilised to investigate the ageing *** samples were subjected to different ageing periods using a thermal accelerated ageing ***,the severity of the produced byproducts due to the oil degradation is examined based on several measured properties representing macroscopic and microscopic *** macroscopic category was evaluated through dielectric properties,including breakdown voltage,dielectric permittivity,and dissipation *** microscopic category,on the other hand,was assessed using techniques such as ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence *** techniques enabled a deep understanding of the molecular-level changes occurring in the oil under ageing conditions,thereby getting new insights into oil ageing *** is worth mentioning that natural ester oil demonstrated the most favourable performance across various properties under ageing conditions.

关键词： absorption thermal spectroscopy

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Enhancing Early Detection of Lung Cancer through Advanced Image Processing Techniques and Deep Learning Architectures for CT Scans

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 271-307页

作者： Nahed Tawfik Heba m.emara Walid El-Shafai Naglaa F.Soliman Abeer D.Algarni Fathi EAbd El-Samie Computers and Systems Department Electronics Research InstituteEl NozhaHuckstep Cairo12622Egypt Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science DepartmentPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh84428Saudi Arabia

Lung cancer remains a major concern in modern oncology due to its high mortality rates and multifaceted origins,including hereditary factors and various clinical *** stands as the deadliest type of cancer and a significant cause of cancer-related deaths *** diagnosis enables healthcare providers to administer appropriate treatment measures promptly and accurately,leading to improved prognosis and higher survival *** significant increase in both the incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer,particularly its ranking as the second most prevalent cancer among women worldwide,underscores the need for comprehensive research into efficient screening *** in diagnostic techniques,particularly the use of computed tomography(CT)scans,have revolutionized the identification of lung *** scans are renowned for their ability to provide high-resolution images and are particularly effective in detecting small,calcified areas,crucial for identifying earlystage lung ***,there is growing interest in enhancing computer-aided detection(CAD)*** algorithms assist radiologists by reducing false-positive interpretations and improving the accuracy of early cancer *** study aims to enhance the effectiveness of CAD systems through various ***,the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization(CLAHE)algorithm is employed to preprocess CT scan images,thereby improving their visual *** refinement is achieved by integrating different optimization strategies with the CLAHE *** Cutmix data augmentation technique is applied to boost the performance of the proposed model.A comparative analysis is conducted using deep learning architectures such as InceptionV3,ResNet101,Xception,and *** study evaluates the performance of these architectures in image classification tasks,both with and without the implementation of the CLAHE *** empirical findings of the study demonst

关键词： Lung cancer detection CLAHE algorithm optimization deep learning classification feature extraction healthcare applications

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Seasonal Effect on Biomarkers of Exposure to Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Coasts of North Western Suez Gulf,Egypt

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Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 2019年第1期1卷 38-48页

作者： Omayma E.Ahmed mustafa m.emara Nazik A.Farid1 Enas A.El-Sabagh Eman m.Kamal Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Egypt Chemistry Department Faculty of Science(boys)Al-Azhar UniversityEgypt Faculty of Science(girls)Al-Azhar University CairoEgypt

Petroleum hydrocarbons of surface water were collected from eight loca-tions of from the coasts of north western Suez Gulf,*** extracted petroleum hydrocarbons were determined by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector and quantified by integrating the areas of both the resolved and unresolved *** results confirm that the con-centration is relatively higher than the recommended in the regulations of the Egyptian low of Environment of No.4/1994 of petroleum *** various *** dissolved petroleum hydrocarbons ranged from 5.639 to 74.8 and 1.868 to 65.698 mg/ml for summer and winter sea-sons,*** indicates that chronic oil pollution,in addition to hydrocarbon concentrations,the diagnostic indices used shows that the hydrocarbons in the area were comes from biogenic,petrogenic and anthropogenic ***-IR spectrometric analysis confirms die petro-genic nature of pollutants.

关键词： Egypt Oil hydrocarbon Physicochemical Diagnostic Gas chromatography Suez canal

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Advances and challenges in the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into pancreatic β cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第1期7卷 174-181页

作者： Essam m Abdelalim mohamed m.emara Qatar Biomedical Research Institute Qatar Foundation Education City PO Box 5825 Doha Qatar

Pluripotent stem cells(PSCs) are able to differentiate into several cell types, including pancreatic β cells. Differentiation of pancreatic β cells depends on certain transcription factors, which function in a coordinated way during pancreas development. The existing protocols for in vitro differentiation produce pancreatic β cells, which are not highly responsive to glucose stimulation except after their transplantation into immune-compromised mice and allowing several weeks for further differentiation to ensure the maturation of these cells in vivo. Thus, although the substantial improvement that has been made for the differentiation of induced PSCs and embryonic stem cells toward pancreatic β cells, several challenges still hindering their full generation. Here, we summarize recent advances in the differentiation of PSCs into pancreatic β cells and discuss the challenges facing their differentiation as well as the different applications of these potential PSC-derived β cells.

关键词： Embryonic stem cells Induced pluripotentstem cells Insulin-secreting cells In vitro In vivo Differentiation maturation

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Effect of lengthening along the anatomical axis of the femur and its clinical impact

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第5期8卷 431-435页

作者： Khaled m.emara Ahmed Nageeb mahmoud Ahmed K emara mariam K emara Limb Reconstruction and Deformity Correction Unit Orthopaedic Surgery Department Ain Shams University Hospitals

AIm To review and study the effect of lengthening along the anatomical axis of long bones and its relation to the mechanical axis *** We try in this review to calculate and discuss the exact clinical impact of lengthening along the anatomical axis of the femur on affecting the limb alignment. Also we used a trigonometric formula to predict the change of the femoral distal anatomical mechanical angle(AmA) after lengthening along the anatomical axis. RESULTS Lengthening along the anatomical axis of the femur by 10% of its original length results in reduction in the distal femoral AmA by 0.57 degrees. There is no objective experimental scientific data to prove that the mechanical axis is passing via the center of the hip to the center of the knee. There is wide variation in normal anatomical axis for different populations. In deformity correction, surgeons try to reproduce the normal usual bone shape to regain normal function, which is mainly anatomical axis. CONCLUSION Lengthening of the femur along its anatomical axis results in mild reduction of the distal femoral AmA. This may partially compensate for the expected mechanical axis lateralisation and hence justify its minimal clinical impact.

关键词： Bone lengthening Deformity Femoral lengthening External fixation Intramedullary nail Axis deviation

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mid-term results of sub-trochanteric valgus osteotomy for symptomatic late stages Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第5期14卷 328-339页

作者： Khaled m.emara Ramy Ahmed Diab Ahmed K emara mohamed Eissa mostafa Gemeah Shady Abdelghaffar mahmoud Department of Orthopedic Surgery Ain Shams UniversityCairo 11591Egypt Department of Orthopedic Surgery Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 9500United States Health Care Innovation Program Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287United States

BACKGROUND The treatment of late stages of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease(LCPD)is *** the concept of femoral head containment is a well-established technique of treatment,its use remains debatable in the late stages of the disease,as it does not improve symptoms in terms of limb length discrepancy and *** To assess the results of subtrochanteric valgus osteotomy in symptomatic patients with late-stage Perthes *** From 2000 to 2007,36 symptomatic patients with late stage of Perthes disease were surgically treated with subtrochanteric valgus osteotomy and followed-up for 8 to 11 years using the IOWA score and range of motion(ROm)*** mose classification was also assessed at the last follow-up to reflect possible *** patients were 8 years old or older at the time of surgery,in the post-fragmentation stage,and complaining of pain,limited ROm,Trendelenburg gait,and/or abductor *** The preoperative IOWA score(average:53.3)markedly improved at the 1-year post follow-up period(average:85.41)and then slightly improved at the last follow-up(average:89.4)(P valuem improved,with internal rotation increased on average by 22°(from 10°preoperatively to 32°postoperatively)and abduction increased on average by 15.9°(from 25°preoperatively to 41°postoperatively).The mean mose deviation of femoral heads was 4.1 mm at the end of the follow-up *** tests used were the paired t-test and Pearson correlation test,where the level of significance was a P value less than *** Subtrochanteric valgus osteotomy can be a good option for symptomatic relief in patients with late-stage of LCPD.

关键词： Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease Femoral head avascular necrosis Valgus osteotomy Deformity correction Post fragmentation stage Late stage Perthes

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Historical Arabic Images Classification and Retrieval Using Siamese Deep Learning model

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 2109-2125页

作者： manal m.Khayyat Lamiaa A.Elrefaei mashael m.Khayyat Computer Science Department Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Computer Science Department King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Information Systems and Technology College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia

Classifying the visual features in images to retrieve a specific image is a significant problem within the computer vision field especially when dealing with historical faded colored ***,there were lots of efforts trying to automate the classification operation and retrieve similar images *** reach this goal,we developed a VGG19 deep convolutional neural network to extract the visual features from the images ***,the distances among the extracted features vectors are measured and a similarity score is generated using a Siamese deep neural *** Siamese model built and trained at first from scratch but,it didn’t generated high evaluation ***,we re-built it from VGG19 pre-trained deep learning model to generate higher evaluation ***,three different distance metrics combined with the Sigmoid activation function are experimented looking for the most accurate method formeasuring the similarities among the retrieved *** that the highest evaluation parameters generated using the Cosine distance ***,the Graphics Processing Unit(GPU)utilized to run the code instead of running it on the Central Processing Unit(CPU).This step optimized the execution further since it expedited both the training and the retrieval time *** extensive experimentation,we reached satisfactory solution recording 0.98 and 0.99 F-score for the classification and for the retrieval,respectively.

关键词： Visual features vectors deep learning models distance methods similar image retrieval

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Therapeutic potential of Calotropis gigantea extract against invasive pulmonary aspergillosis:In vitro and in vivo study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2022年第6期12卷 243-252页

作者： Enas m.Ali manal A.Alfwuaires Gehan m.Badr Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceKing Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 380Al-Ahsa 31982Saudi Arabia Department of Botany and microbiology Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityCairo 12613Egypt Department of Zoology Faculty of ScienceAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt

Objective:To characterize the antifungal activity of methanolic leaf extract of Calotropis gigantea alone or in combination with amphotericin B against invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in ***:GC/mS was used for analysis of active constituents of Calotropis gigantea *** germination assay and broth micro-dilution method were used to determine antifungal potential of Calotropis gigantea/amphotericin B against Aspergillus *** mice were randomly assigned into 5 groups:group 1 was neutropenic(control);group 2 was infected with Aspergillus fumigatus;group 3 was infected with Aspergillus fumigatus,and treated with Calotropis gigantea extract;group 4 was infected with Aspergillus fumigatus and treated with amphotericin B;group 5 was infected with Aspergillus fumigatus and treated with both Calotropis gigantea extract and amphotericin *** lung tissues were histopathologically *** burden and gliotoxin concentration were evaluated in lung ***,superoxide dismutase,and malondialdehyde content were determined in lung ***,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,interleukin-1,and interleukin-17 were also estimated by the sandwich enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent ***:Calotropis gigantea/amphotericin B had a minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration of 80 and 160μg/mL,respectively,for Aspergillus ***,Calotropis gigantea/amphotericin B significantly reduced lung fungal burden by 72.95%and inhibited production of gliotoxin in lung tissues from 6320 to 1350μg/g *** gigantea/amphotericin B reduced the oxidative stress of the lung via elevating the activity of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing the levels of lipid *** activity and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines were also significantly *** electron microscopy revealed deteriorations in the hyphae ultrastructure in Calotropis gigantea/amphotericin B trea

关键词： Aspergillus fumigatus Antifungal Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis Calotropis gigantea Amphotericin B mice

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Polychlorinated biphenyl and organochlorine pesticide residues in surface sediments from the mediterranean Sea(Egypt)

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2016年第1期31卷 44-52页

作者： Ahmed El Nemr manal m.El-Sadaawy Environmental Division National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries

The distribution pattern of organochlorine residues in sediments of the mediterranean Sea(Egypt)has been *** concentration of total organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)in surface sediments ranged from 0.11 to 50.73 with a mean of 14.52 ng/g dry *** ratios used(DDD+DDE)/∑DDT,DDE/DDD and p,p'-DDT/∑DDT,indicate the degree of DDT's decomposition and identify the fresh input of *** predominantγ-HCH and theα-HCH/γ-HCH ratios indicate that there is a fresh input of lindane in some *** possible sources of OCs in the studied locations were estimated using multivariate statistical methods(principal component analysis(PCA),cluster analysis)for the data matrix obtained from the OC's analysis of the *** potential environmental risk assessment associated with POPs measured in the sediments was conducted using the Risk Quotient(RQ).

关键词： PCBs Pesticides Surface sediment Risk assessment The mediterranean Egypt

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Trauma to the solid abdominal organs:The missed dark box of colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第7期30卷 624-630页

作者： mohamed H emara Usama mazid Yasmine A Elshaer mahmoud A Elkerdawy Dilaver Farooq malik Aya m mahros Department of Hepatology Gastroenterologyand Infectious DiseasesKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr-Elshikh 33516Egypt Department of medicine Alyousif HospitalAlkhobar 31952Saudi Arabia

Colonoscopy is an integral part of the lower bowel care and is generally considered a potentially safe diagnostic and therapeutic procedure performed as a daycare outpatient *** is associated with different complications that are not limited to adverse events related to the bowel preparation solutions used,the sedatives used,but to the procedure related as well including bleeding and *** to the extra-luminal abdominal organs during colonoscopy are uncommon,however,serious complications related to the procedure have been reported infrequently in the *** threatening injuries to the spleen,liver,pancreas,mesentery,and urinary bladder have been reported as early as in *** injuries should not be overlooked by clinicians and *** increasing abdominal pain,abdominal distension,and hemodynamic instability in absence of rectal bleeding should raise the possibility of severe organ *** and hepatic injury following colonoscopy are usually serious and may be life *** conservative management may help,yet they usually need interventional radiology or surgical *** pancreatitis following colonoscopy is usually mild and is mostly managed *** mechanism of abdominal organ injuries during colonoscopy is not fully understood,however many risk factors have been identified,which can be classified as-organ related,procedure related,and local abdominal *** colonoscopy and prior intra-abdominal adhesions are probably the most relevant risk factors for these *** lateral position,avoidance of looping and excessive force during the procedure would probably reduce the risk of such injuries.

关键词： Colonoscopy Pancreatitis Trauma Complications Adhesions

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