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Optimal timing for plastic surgical procedures for common congenital anomalies:A review

World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 38-61页

作者： Aakanksha goel Arun goel Divine Aesthetic Surgery New Delhi 110048India Department of Plastic Surgery Lok Nayak Hospital and Associated Maulana Azad Medical CollegeNew Delhi 110002India

Apart from listening to the cry of a healthy newborn,it is the declaration by the attending paediatrician in the labour room that the child is normal which brings utmost joy to parents.The global incidence of children born with congenital anomalies has been reported to be 3%-6%with more than 90%of these occurring in low-and middle-income group countries.The exact percentages/total numbers of children requiring surgical treatment cannot be estimated for several reasons.These children are operated under several surgical disciplines,viz,paediatric-,plastic reconstructive,neuro-,cardiothoracic-,orthopaedic surgery etc.These conditions may be life-threatening,e.g.,trachea-oesophageal fistula,critical pulmonary stenosis,etc.and require immediate surgical intervention.Some,e.g.,hydrocephalus,may need intervention as soon as the patient is fit for surgery.Some,e.g.,patent ductus arteriosus need‘wait and watch’policy up to a certain age in the hope of spontaneous recovery.Another extremely important category is that of patients where the operative intervention is done based on their age.Almost all the congenital anomalies coming under care of a plastic surgeon are operated as elective surgery(many as multiple stages of correction)at appropriate ages.There are advantages and disadvantages of intervention at different ages.In this article,we present a review of optimal timings,along with reasoning,for surgery of many of the common congenital anomalies which are treated by plastic surgeons.Obstetricians,paediatricians and general practitioners/family physicians,who most often are the first ones to come across such children,must know to guide the parents appropriately and convincingly impress upon the them as to why their child should not be operated immediately and also the consequences of too soon or too late.

关键词： Plastic surgery Congenital anomalies Pediatric plastic surgery Facial cleft Microtia Vascular anomalies Syndactyly Hypospadias Optimal timing Pediatric surgery

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Solar rooftop in India: Policies,challenges and outlook

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Green Energy & Environment 2016年第2期1卷 129-137页

作者： malti goel Science & Technological Solutions for Sustainable Energy Future Climate Change Research Institute

Solar photovoltaic rooftop has emerged as a potential green technology to address climate change issues by reducing reliance on conventional fossil fuel based energy. With a strong commitment to increase the renewable sources based energy capacity to 175 GW by 2022, India has a target to install 100 GW of solar energy capacity. Of this 40 GW would be the share of grid connected solar PV rooftop. This paper examines global growth in solar energy, world's major rooftop installed capacity countries' policies and solar rooftop policy instruments in India. The current Indian goals, issues & challenges in achieving them and trends in further development are discussed.

关键词： Solar energy India Rooftop PV Policies Outlook

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Cutting edge preparation of microdrills by shear thickening polishing for improved hole quality in electronic PCBs

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第2期19卷 99-107页

作者： Jiahuan WANG Mingfeng KE Jiepei LIAO Yu ZHOU Saurav goel Jaya VERMA Xu WANG Weigang GUO Julong YUAN Binghai LYU College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310000China Ultra-precision Machining Center Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Manufacturing TechnologyZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310000China School of Engineering London South Bank UniversityLondon SE10AAUK Shenzhen Jinzhou Precision Technology Corporation Shenzhen 518116China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradun 248007India Special Equipment Institute Hangzhou Vocational&Technical CollegeHangzhou 310018China

Printed circuit boards(PCBs)are representative composite materials,and their high-quality drilling machining remains a persistent challenge in the industry.The finishing of the cutting edge of a microdrill is crucial to drill performance in machining fine-quality holes with a prolonged tool life.The miniature size involving submicron scale geometric dimensions,a complex flute shape,and low fracture toughness makes the cutting edge of microdrills susceptible to breakage and has been the primary limiting factor in edge preparation for microdrills.In this study,a newly developed cutting edge preparation method for microdrills was tested experimentally on electronic printed circuit boards.The proposed method,namely,shear thickening polishing,limited the cutting edge burrs and chipping on the cutting edge,and this in turn transformed the cutting edge’s radius from being sharp to smooth.Moreover,the edge–edge radius could be regulated by adjusting the processing time.PCB drilling experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of different cutting edge radii on wear,hole position accuracy,nail head value,and hole wall roughness.The proposed approach showed 20%enhancement in hole position accuracy,33%reduction in the nail head value,and 19%reduction in hole wall roughness compared with the original microdrill.However,a threshold is needed;without it,excessive shear thickening polishing will result in a blunt edge,which may accelerate the wear of the microdrill.Wear was identified as the primary factor that reduced hole quality.The study indicates that in printed circuit board machining,microdrills should effectively eliminate grinding defects and maintain the sharpness of the cutting edge as much as possible to obtain excellent drilling quality.Overall,shear thickening polishing is a promising method for cutting edge preparation of microdrills.Further research and optimization can lead to additional improvements in microdrill performance and contribute to the continued advancement of printed circuit board manufa

关键词： microdrill shear thickening polishing cutting edge preparation electronic printed circuit boards hole quality

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40-meter-long REBCO tapes with critical current over 4,000 A/12 mm at 4.2 K and 13 T by advanced MOCVD

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 29-34页

作者： Mahesh Paidpilli Chirag goel Bhabesh Sarangi Siwei Chen Eduard Galstyan Jan Jaroszynski Griffin Bradford Dmytro Abraimov Venkat Selvamanickam Department of Mechanical Engineering Advanced Manufacturing InstituteTexas Center for SuperconductivityUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexasUSA AMPeers LLC HoustonTexasUSA National High Magnetic Field Laboratory TallahasseeFloridaUSA

REBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7−δ)(REBCO,RE=rare earth)tapes doped with 5%and 15%Zr have been scaled up to lengths more than 40 m in a pilot‐scale advanced metal organic chemical vapor deposition(A‐MOCVD)tool.The precursor compositions used for the long tapes were guided by a study of the influence of(Ba+dopant)/Cu content on the critical current density(Jc)of 5 and 15 mol.%Hf‐and Zr‐added tapes at 4.2 K and 13 T.The 40‐mlong tapes exhibited a critical current(Ic)over 4,000 A/12 mm at 4.2 K and 13 T as well as over 1,400 A/12 mm at 20 K and 20 T.The critical current densities of a 40‐m‐long tape doped with 5%Zr at 4.2 K measured at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory(NHMFL)were>10 MAcm^(−2)and>5 MAcm^(−2)at 14 T and 30 T,respectively,which are over three times those of commercial REBCO tapes.The infield Jc of 5%Zradded 40‐m‐long tapes was similar to those of previously‐reported high‐performance short samples made with 15%Zr or Hf.These results demonstrate the excellent potential of A‐MOCVD for manufacturing high Ic REBCO tapes for use in ultrahigh‐field magnet applications.

关键词： High‐temperature superconductors MOCVD REBCO Critical current

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光电子学:信息科学的未来

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科学与社会 1990年第2期 47-55页

作者： malti goel 春晓印度技术学院

过去十年,信息转换、信息处理及信息测量技术取得了革命性进展,导致小型信息系统呈现容量和速度上的显著增加。从光通信到医用光传感器,光电子学的发展在当今的几种现代技术中都处于领先地位。虽然它将继续在信息网络系统中发挥关键作用... 详细信息

过去十年,信息转换、信息处理及信息测量技术取得了革命性进展,导致小型信息系统呈现容量和速度上的显著增加。从光通信到医用光传感器,光电子学的发展在当今的几种现代技术中都处于领先地位。虽然它将继续在信息网络系统中发挥关键作用,但集成化的光电子学还将为与之平行的计算技术开拓有希望的未来。

关键词：光电子学计算机信息科学信息学

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Evaluation of Rainfall Tendency for the Twentieth Century over Indira Sagar Region in Central India

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第1期13卷 47-68页

作者： Rituraj Shukla Deepak Khare Ramesh P. Rudra Priti Tiwari Himanshu Sharma Prasad Daggupati Pradeep goel School of Engineering University of Guelph Guelph Canada Department of Water Resources Development and Management Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee India Indira Gandhi Agricultural University Raipur India Department of Civil Engineering Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management (IITRAM) Ahmedabad India

The study investigates long-term changes in annual and seasonal rainfall patterns in the Indira Sagar Region of Madhya Pradesh, India, from 1901 to 2010. Agriculture sustainability, food supply, natural resource development, and hydropower system reliability in the region rely heavily on monsoon rainfall. Monthly rainfall data from three stations (East Nimar, Barwani, and West Nimar) were analyzed. Initially, the pre-whitening method was applied to eliminate serial correlation effects from the rainfall data series. Subsequently, statistical trends in annual and seasonal rainfall were assessed using both parametric (student-t test) and non-parametric tests [Mann-Kendall, Sen’s slope estimator, and Cumulative Sum (CUSUM)]. The magnitude of the rainfall trend was determined using Theil-Sen’s slope estimator. Spatial analysis of the Mann-Kendall test on an annual basis revealed a statistically insignificant decreasing trend for Barwani and East Nimar and an increasing trend for West Nimar. On a seasonal basis, the monsoon season contributes a significant percentage (88.33%) to the total annual rainfall. The CUSUM test results indicated a shift change detection in annual rainfall data for Barwani in 1997, while shifts were observed in West and East Nimar stations in 1929. These findings offer valuable insights into regional rainfall behavior, aiding in the planning and management of water resources and ecological systems.

关键词： Precipitation Parametric Non-Parametric Tests Trend Analysis Serial Correlations

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Phishing website prediction using base and ensemble classifier techniques with cross-validation

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Cybersecurity 2023年第1期6卷 17-39页

作者： Anjaneya Awasthi Noopur goel Department of Computer Applications VBS Purvanchal UniversityJaunpurUPIndia

Internet or public internetwork has become a vulnerable place nowadays as there are so many threats available for the novice or careless users because there exist many types of tools and techniques being used by notorious peo-ple on it to victimize people somehow and gain access to their precious and personal data resulting in sometimes smaller.However,these victims suffer considerable losses in many instances due to their entrapment in such traps as hacking,cracking,data diddling,Trojan attacks,web jacking,salami attacks,and phishing.Therefore,despite the web users and the software and application developer's continuous effort to make and keep the IT infrastructure safe and secure using many techniques,including encryption,digital signatures,digital certificates,etc.this paper focuses on the problem of phishing to detect and predict phishing websites URLs,primary machine learning classifiers and new ensemble-based techniques are used on 2 distinct datasets.Again on a merged dataset,this study is conducted in 3 phases.First,they include classification using base classifiers,Ensemble classifiers,and then ensemble classifiers are tested with and without cross-validation.Finally,their performance is analyzed,and the results are presented at last to help others use this study for their upcoming research.

关键词： Phishing Hacking Data diddling Machine learning Ensemble

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Recent progress and perspective on batteries made from nuclear waste

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第3期34卷 1-8页

作者： Nirmal Kumar Katiyar Saurav goel School of Engineering London South Bank UniversityLondonSE10 AAUK University of Petroleum and Energy Studies Dehradun248007India

Sustainable energy sources are an immediate need to cope with the imminent issue of climate change the world is facing today.In particular,the long-lasting miniatured power sources that can supply energy continually to power handheld gadgets,sensors,electronic devices,unmanned airborne vehicles in space and extreme mining are some of the examples where this is an acute need.It is known from basic physics that radioactive materials decay over few years and some nuclear materials have their half-life until thousands of years.The past five decades of research have been spent harnessing the decay energy of the radioactive materials to develop batteries that can last until the radioactive reaction continues.Thus,an emergent opportunity of industrial symbiosis to make use of nuclear waste by using radioactive waste as raw material to develop bat-teries with long shelf life presents a great opportunity for sustainable energy resource development.However,the current canon of research on this topic is scarce.This perspective draws fresh discussions on the topic while highlighting future directions in this wealthy arena of research.Graphical abstract A long-lasting miniaturised nuclear battery utilising 14C radioactive isotope as fuel.

关键词： Sustainable energy Nuclear waste battery Nano-diamond

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Embryonic modulation through thermal manipulation and in ovo feeding to develop heat tolerance in chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 150-159页

作者： Akshat goel Chris Major Ncho Vaishali Gupta Yang-Ho Choi Department of Animal Science Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea Division of Applied Life Sciences(BK21 Plus Program) Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea

Healthy chickens are necessary to meet the ever-increasing demand for poultry meat.Birds are subjected to numerous stressful conditions under commercial rearing systems,including variations in the envi-ronmental temperature.However,it is difficult to counter the effects of global warming on the livestock industry.High environmental temperature is a stressful condition that has detrimental effects on growth and production performance,resulting in decreased feed intake,retarded growth,compromised gut health,enhanced oxidative stress,and altered immune responses.Traditional approaches include nutritional modification and housing management to mitigate the harmful effects of hot environments.Currently,broiler chickens are more susceptible to heat stress(HS)than layer chickens because of their high muscle mass and metabolic rate.In this review,we explored the possibility of in ovo manipulation to combat HS in broiler chickens.Given their short lifespan from hatching to market age,embryonic life is thought to be one of the critical periods for achieving these objectives.Chicken embryos can be modulated through either temperature treatment or nourishment to improve thermal tolerance during the rearing phase.We first provided a brief overview of the harmful effects of HS on poultry.An in-depth evaluation was then presented for in ovo feeding and thermal manipulation as emerging strategies to combat the negative effects of HS.Finally,we evaluated a combination of the two methods using the available data.Taken together,these investigations suggest that embryonic manipulation has the po-tential to confer heat resistance in chickens.

关键词： Embryo Thermal manipulation In ovo feeding Heat stress Poultry

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Service-based Reliability Analysis of Integrated Electricity-heat Systems Considering Thermal Dynamics

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第4期11卷 1176-1190页

作者： Xunhu Yin Minglei Bao Yi Ding Chengjin Ye Peng Wang Lalit goel College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Electrical and Electronic Engineering School Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798

The essential task of integrated electricity-heat systems(IEHSs)is to provide customers with reliable electric and heating services.From the perspective of customers,it is reasonable to analyze the reliabilities of IEHSs based on the ability to provide energy services with a reasonable assurance of continuity and quality,which are termed as service-based reliabilities.Due to the thermal inertia existing in IEHSs,the heating service performances can present slow dynamic characteristics,which has a great impact on the service satisfaction of customers.The neglect of such thermal dynamics will bring about inaccurate service-based reliability measurement,which can lead to the inefficient dispatch decisions of system operators.Therefore,it is necessary to provide a tool which can analyze the servicebased reliabilities of IEHSs considering the impacts of thermal dynamics.This paper firstly models the energy service performance of IEHSs in contingency states.Specifically,the nodal energy supplies are obtained from the optimal power and heat flow model under both variable hydraulic and thermal conditions,in which the transmission-side thermal dynamics are formulated.On this basis,the energy service performances for customers are further determined with the formulation of demandside thermal dynamics.Moreover,a service-based reliability analysis framework for the IEHSs is proposed utilizing the timesequential Monte Carlo simulation(TSMCS)technique with the embedded decomposition algorithm.Furthermore,the indices for quantifying service-based reliabilities are defined based on the traditional reliability indices,where dynamic service performances and service satisfactions of customers are both considered.Numerical simulations are carried out with a test system to validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.

关键词： Energy service integrated electricity-heat system reliability thermal dynamics

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