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All-cause hospitalizations for inflammatory bowel diseases:Can the reason for admission provide information on inpatient resource use?A study from a large veteran affairs hospital

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Journal of Medical Colleges of p.a(China) 2016年第3期31卷 124-128页

作者： Ashish malhotra K.C.Mandip.aasma Shaukat Thomas Rector Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineMinneapolis VA Medical CenterUniversity of Minnesota Center of Innovation Minneapolis VA Medical Center Department of Medicine University of Minnesota

Background:Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs) are group of chronic inflammatory illnesses with a remitting and relapsing course that may result in appreciable morbidity and high medical costs secondary to rep.ated *** study's objectives were to identify the reasons for hospitalization among patients with IBDs,and compare inpatient courses and readmission rates for IBD-related admissions versus non-IBD-related ***:A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients with IBD admitted to the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs(VA) Medical Center between September 2010 and September ***:A total of 111 patients with IBD were admitted during the 2-year study *** flares/complications accounted for 36.9% of the index *** events comprised the second most common cause of admissions(14.4%) in IBD *** with an index admission directly related to IBD were significantly younger and had developed IBD more ***,the IBD admission group had significantly more gastrointestinal endoscopies and abdominal surgeries,and was more likely to be started on medication for IBD during the index *** median length of stay(LOS) for the index hospitalization for an IBD flare or complication was 4(2–8) days compared with 2(1–4) days for the other patients(p=0.001).A smaller percentage of the group.admitted for an IBD flare/complication had a shorter ICU stay compared with the other patients(9.8% vs.15.7%,respectively); however,their ICU LOSs tended to be longer(4.5 vs.2.0 days,respectively,p=0.17).Compared to the other admission types,an insignificantly greater percentage of the group whose index admission was related to an IBD flare or complication had at least one readmission within 6 months of discharge(29% versus 21%; p=0.35).The rate of admission was approximately 80% greater in the group whose index admission was related to an IBD flare or complication compared to the other types of admis

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Veteran affairs Readmission rate

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A Retrospective Study of Impact of ppTCT on HIV Trends, Maternal and perinatal Outcome

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World Journal of AIDS 2016年第4期6卷 178-185页

作者： Anjali malhotra Sumitra Yadav MGMMC & MYH Indore India

Background: Women diagnosed with HIV/AIDS may transmit the infection to their child during pregnancy. The infection may spread during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. However, the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV may be reduced by the use of HIV medications known as antiretroviral therapy (ART). Infection with HIV/AIDS is not a contraindication to pregnancy. Some women are unaware they have the disease until they become pregnant. In this case, they should begin antiretroviral therapy as soon as possible [1]. With the appropriate treatment, the risk of mother-to-child infection can be reduced to below 1% [2]. Without treatment, the risk of transmission is 15% - 45% [3]. Objective: The main aim of the study is to appreciate the declining trend of HIV in babies with HIV positive mother by implementation of ppTCT services. Methods: A retrospective study of detection of HIV positive mothers among all the antenatal patients attending OpD and including the patients coming in Emergency services and delivered in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at MGMMC & M. Y. Hospital, Indore, Madhya p.adesh (India) from Jan 2006 to Dec 2015 was included in the study. They were screened for HIV status and further management of all HIV positive patients.

关键词： Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) Nevirapine (NVp) prevention of parent to Child Transmission (ppTCT)

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Energy Efficient path Determination in Wireless Sensor Network Using BFS Approach

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Wireless Sensor Network 2011年第11期3卷 351-356页

作者： Shilpa Mahajan Jyoteesh malhotra 不详

The wireless sensor networks (WSN) are formed by a large number of sensor nodes working together to provide a specific duty. However, the low energy capacity assigned to each node prompts users to look at an important design challenge such as lifetime maximization. Therefore, designing effective routing techniques that conserve scarce energy resources is a critical issue in WSN. Though, the chain-based routing is one of significant routing mechanisms but several common flaws, such as data propagation delay and redundant transmission, are associated with it. In this paper, we will be proposing an energy efficient technique based on graph theory that can be used to find out minimum path based on some defined conditions from a source node to the destination node. Initially, a sensor area is divided into number of levels by a base station based on signal strength. It is important to note that this technique will always found out minimum path and even alternate path are also saved in case of node failure.

关键词： Graph Theory Breadth First Search Energy Efficient Cost Shortest path

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Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第4期7卷 405-418页

作者： Aniruddh Som Rohan Mandaliya Dana Alsaadi Maham Farshidpour Aline Charabaty Nidhi malhotra Mark C Mattar Department of Internal Medicine Medstar Washington Hospital Center Department of Gastroenterology MedStar Georgetown University Hospital Department of Internal Medicine MedStar Georgetown University Hospital Department of Internal Medicine MedStar Union Memorial Hospital and Good Samaritan Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Sibley Memorial Hospital Department of Gastroenterology MedStar Washington Hospital Center

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies that target downregulators of the anti-cancer immune response: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4, programmed cell death protein-1, and its ligand programmed death-ligand *** have revolutionized the treatment of a variety of malignancies. However,many immune-related adverse events have also been described which mainly occurs as the immune system becomes less suppressed, affecting various organs including the gastrointestinal tract and causing diarrhea and colitis. The incidence of immune-mediated colitis(IMC) ranges from 1%-25% depending on the type of ICI and if used in combination. Endoscopically and histologically there is a significant overlap between IMC and inflammatory bowel disease,however more neutrophilic inflammation without chronic inflammation is usually present in IMC. Corticosteroids are recommended for grade 2 or more severe colitis while holding the immunotherapy. About one third to two thirds of patients are steroid refractory and benefit from infliximab. Recently vedolizumab has been found to be efficacious in steroid and infliximab refractory cases. While in grade 4 colitis, the immunotherapy is permanently discontinued, the decision is controversial in grade 3 colitis.

关键词： Immune checkpoint inhibitors Immune-related adverse events Cytotoxic Tlymphocyte-associated antigen 4 programmed cell death protein 1 programmed deathligand 1 Immune-mediated colitis

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Sitagliptin in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A randomized, p.acebo-controlled trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第1期23卷 141-150页

作者： Tisha R Joy Charles A McKenzie Rommel G Tirona Kelly Summers Shannon Seney Subrata Chakrabarti Neel malhotra Melanie D Beaton Department of Medicine Division of EndocrinologySt.Joseph’s HospitalWestern University Department of Medical Biophysics Western University Department of physiology and p.armacology Western University Department of Microbiology and Immunology Western University Department of pathology and Laboratory Medicine Western University Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyLondon Health Sciences CentreWestern University

AIMTo evaluate the effect of sitagliptin vs p.acebo on histologic and non-histologic parameters of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).METHODSTwelve patients with biopsy-proven NASH were randomized to sitagliptin (100 mg daily) (n = 6) or p.acebo (n = 6) for 24 wk. The primary outcome was improvement in liver fibrosis after 24 wk. Secondary outcomes included evaluation of changes in NAFLD activity score (NAS), individual components of NAS (hepatocyte ballooning, lobular inflammation, and steatosis), glycemic control and insulin resistance [including measurements of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and adipocytokines], lipid profile including free fatty acids, adipose distribution measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and thrombosis markers (p.atelet aggregation and p.asminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels). We also sought to determine the correlation between changes in hepatic fat fraction (%) [as measured using the Iterative Decomposition of water and fat with Echo Asymmetry and Least-squares estimation (IDEAL) MRI technique] and changes in hepatic steatosis on liver *** was not significantly better than p.acebo at reducing liver fibrosis score as measured on liver biopsy (mean difference between sitagliptin and p.acebo arms, 0.40, p = 0.82). There were no significant improvements evident with the use of sitagliptin vs p.acebo for the secondary histologic outcomes of NAS total score as well as for the individual components of NAS. Compared to baseline, those patients who received sitagliptin demonstrated improved HbA1C (6.7% ± 0.4% vs 7.9% ± 1.0%, p = 0.02), and trended towards improved adiponectin levels (4.7 ± 3.5 μg/mL vs 3.9 ± 2.7 μg/mL, p = 0.06) and triglyceride levels (1.26 ± 0.43 mmol/L vs 2.80 ± 1.64 mmol/L, p = 0.08). However, when compared with p.acebo, sitagliptin did not cause a statistically significant improvement in HbA1C (mean difference, -0.7%, p = 0.19) n

关键词： Sitagliptin Randomized controlled trial Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Fibrosis Magnetic resonance imaging Hepatic steatosis Insulin resistance p.atelet aggregation

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Earnings Management p.actices in Indian Companies： A Cross-Sectional Analysis

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2016年第6期12卷 295-305页

作者： Mamta Mishra Amarjeet Kaur malhotra Ansal University Gurgaon India

Corporate accounting frauds over the last two decades have caused massive erosion of investor wealth and shattered public confidence in regulators and capital markets. Deliberate manipulation of financial numbers by a company is rarely a one-off event; it is more a culture of widespread earnings management that permeates an organization and eventually leads to a full-blown accounting fraud. This paper looks at earnings management p.actices in Indian companies and examines the extent of earnings management prevalent across firms of varying market capitalization. The present study examines 130 listed Indian companies during the period of 2013-2015. The findings of this study provide a measure of the quality of financial reporting in India. Modified Jones model （1995） is used to estimate discretionary accruals （DA）, which is considered as a proxy for earnings management. The average DA is estimated at 5.6% of the total assets of the firms, which is comparable to the estimates in other parts of the world （about 1%-5% of total assets）. A sector-specific analysis reveals presence of higher earnings manipulation in the consumer durable and energy sectors. Large cap companies are found to show a lower level of eamings management as compared to the small-cap firms. The study also finds a dip in the magnitude of DA in 2015, which is the first year of application of the new Companies Act 2013. Subsequent years will reveal the true success of the new Act in enforcing a stricter regime of corporate governance and greater accountability of corporate boards and audit committees. International studies point towards a high degree of correlation between effective audit committees and lower levels of earnings management in companies. Further work in this field from an Indian context will help identify factors that have a constraining effect on earnings management, and ultimately help preserve the sanctity of reported financial numbers.

关键词： India accounting fraud discretionary accruals (DA) earnings management modified Jones model

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Extraarticular bony ankylosis in a child with sup.acondy- lar fracture of humerus

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2012年第5期15卷 300-302页

作者： Sameer Naranje Ramp.asad Kancherla Arun Kannan Rajesh malhotra Lalit Sharma Sukesh Rao Sankineani Department of Orthopaedics All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India Department of Orthopaedics Avenue HospitalMelbourneAustralia

Myositis ossificans is defined as formation of bone at the site of injured muscle. It is one of the rare complications of sup.acondylar fracture of humerus in children. Myositis mass usually develops on the anterior aspect in the brachialis muscle and produces restriction of range of motion, but complete ankylosis is rare. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case to be reported in the literature as a consequence of myositis ossificans traumatica. In this case, a six-year-old child presented to the casualtydepartment with pain in the right elbow after a fail on outstretched hand during p.ay. After surgical excision through the anterior approach, the child had no symptoms referable to the elbow and a residual flexion deformity of 15 degrees with further painless flexion up to l00 degrees at last followup of one year after surgery.

关键词： Humerus Fractures, Bone Myositis Ankylosis

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Therapeutic implications of cancer stem cells in prostate cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2023年第6期20卷 401-420页

作者： pinaki Banerjee p.achi Kapse Shehnaz Siddique Moumita Kundu Jasoda Choudhari Varshasnata Mohanty Diksha malhotra Suresh W.Gosavi Rajesh N.Gacche Gopal C.Kundu National Centre for Cell Science Savitribai Phule Pune University CampusPune 411007India School of Basic Medical Science Savitribai Phule Pune UniversityPune 411007India School of Biotechnology KIIT Deemed to be UniversityBhubaneswar 751024India Department of Biotechnology Savitribai Phule Pune UniversityPune 411007IndiaSchool of BiotechnologyKIIT Deemed to be UniversityBhubaneswar 751024India Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences(KIMS) KIIT Deemed to be UniversityBhubaneswar 751024India

prostate cancer, one of the most frequently occurring cancers in men, is a heterogeneous disease involving multiple cell types within tumors. This tumor heterogeneity at least partly results from genomic instability leading to sub-clonal cellular differentiation. The differentiated cell populations originate from a small subset of cells with tumor-initiating and stem-like properties. These cells, termed prostate cancer stem cells(pCSCs), p.ay crucial roles in disease progression, drug resistance, and relapse. This review discusses the origin, hierarchy, and p.asticity of pCSCs;methods for isolation and enrichment of pCSCs;and various cellular and metabolic signaling pathways involved in pCSC induction and maintenance, as well as therapeutic targeting.

关键词： Epithelial-mesenchymal transition metastasis prostate cancer cancer stem cells tumor growth tumor microenvironment signaling

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On the Development of Realistic Cross Layer Communication protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

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Wireless Sensor Network 2014年第5期6卷 57-66页

作者： Shalli Rani Jyoteesh malhotra Rajneesh Talwar CGC Engineering College Chandigarh India Guru Nanak Dev University Regional Campus Jalandhar India SSDWIT College Bathinda India

Traditional protocols in wireless sensor networks follow the strict layering techniques which lead to the degradation in performance of the QoS (Quality of Service) parameters. Battery powered tiny sensor nodes with constraints of energy and guaranteed time require the efficient communication protocols with innovative and optimized approach to attain the objectives of WSN. Especially, these requirements become more stringent with the emergence of novel applications based on WSN. In order to find an optimized solution to this, cross layer-based approach which allows the cooperation, synchronization and communication among the layers, seems to be appropriate. In this paper, a realistic cross-layer protocol has been developed taking into considerations of MAC and physical layer to further optimize the QoS parameters of already developed Energy Efficient Inter Cluster Coordination protocol (EEICCp) at the Network layer level. In this paper we endeavor to concentrate on the enhancement of reliability parameter of QoS and results are validated through simulations done in MATLAB.

关键词： Cross Layer Routing layer MAC layer physical Layer Time Frame Reception probability

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Improved Enhanced Chain Based Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Network

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Wireless Sensor Network 2013年第4期5卷 84-89页

作者： Shilpa Mahajan Jyoteesh malhotra Sandeep Sharma Computer Science and Engineering ITM University Gurgaon India Electronics and Communication Engineering Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar India

In this paper, we have proposed an energy efficient chain based protocol which is an improvement over ECBSN (Energy Efficient Chain Based Sensor Network). ECBSN protocol has certain deficiencies like the non optimal selection of leader nodes in rounds, aggregation and transmission of data by head nodes that leads to unbalanced energy consumption. Aiming at these problems, an improved chain based protocol is proposed. IECBSN adopts a new method of selection of leader nodes based on selection value (SV) parameter .To lower energy consumption further, one more level of hierarchy has been added with a head leader node, which will aggregate data from the leader nodes and pass it to the base station. IECBSN shows an improvement of 20% - 35% as compare to pEGASIS (power Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information System) and 5% t to 7% from ECBSN on energy consumption and improves network lifetime.

关键词： Energy Conservation Network Lifetime Chain Based ECBSN Distance

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