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An update on the influence of natural climate variability and anthropogenic climate change on tropical cyclones

作者： (英)马尔科姆·安德鲁斯(malcolm Andrews)

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第3期12卷 216-239页

作者： Suzana j.Camargo Hiroyuki Murakami Nadia Bloemendaal Savin S.Chand Medha S.Deshpande Christian Dominguez-Sarmiento juan jesús Gonz´alez-Alem´an Thomas R.Knutson I.-I.Lin Il-ju Moon Christina M.Patricola Kevin A.Reed malcolm j.Roberts Enrico Scoccimarro Chi Yung(Francis)Tam Elizabeth j.Wallace Liguang Wu Yohei Yamada Wei Zhang Haikun Zhao Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia UniversityPalisadesNYUSA National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory PrincetonNJUSA University Corporation for Atmospheric Research BoulderCOUSA Vrije University Amsterdam AmsterdamNetherlands Federation University Australia BallaratVictoriaAustralia Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Ministry of Earth SciencesPuneIndia Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmosfera y Cambio Clim´atico Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico(UNAM)Mexico CityMexico Spanish State Meteorological Agency(AEMet) MadridSpain National Taiwan University TaiwanChina jeju National University JejuRepublic of Korea Iowa State University AmesIAUSA Stony Brook University Stony BrookNYUSA Met Office ExeterUnited Kingdom Fondazione Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici BolognaItaly The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong KongChina Old Dominion University NorfolkVAUSA Fudan University ShanghaiChina japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology YokohamaJapan Utah State University LoganUTUSA Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology NanjingChina

A substantial number of studies have been published since the Ninth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-9)in 2018,improving our understanding of the effect of climate change on tropical cyclones(TCs)and associated hazards and *** studies have reinforced the robustness of increases in TC intensity and associated TC hazards and risks due to anthropogenic climate *** modeling and observational studies suggested the potential influence of anthropogenic climate forcings,including greenhouse gases and aerosols,on global and regional TC activity at the decadal and century time ***,there are still substantial uncertainties owing to model uncertainty in simulating historical TC decadal variability in the Atlantic,and the limitations of observed TC *** projected future change in the global number of TCs has become more uncertain since IWTC-9 due to projected increases in TC frequency by a few climate models.A new paradigm,TC seeds,has been proposed,and there is currently a debate on whether seeds can help explain the physical mechanism behind the projected changes in global TC *** studies also highlighted the importance of large-scale environmental fields on TC activity,such as snow cover and air-sea *** projections on TC translation speed and medicanes are new additional focus topics in our *** and future research are proposed relevant to the remaining scientific questions and assisting policymakers.

关键词： tropical climate variability

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德里达眼中的艺术

作者： (美)K. 马尔科姆·理查兹(K. malcolm Richards)

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伪装大师我在中央情报局的秘密生涯

伪装大师我在中央情报局的秘密生涯

Paroxetine vs pregabalin for the management of neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis

2002年

作者：（美）安东尼奥·门德兹（Antonio j. Mendez）（美）马尔科姆·麦康奈尔（malcolm McConnell）曹亮曹爱菊译

本书是美国中央情报局有史以来首次授权一位最高层行动官员讲述其在谍报行动中所有难忘经历的纪实作品。

关键词：中央情报局中央情报局

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World journal of Anesthesiology 2014年第2期3卷 181-188页

作者： Dana A Turcotte malcolm Doupe Mahmoud Torabi Andrew j Gomori Karen Ethans Farid Esfahani Katie Galloway Michael P Namaka Faculty of Pharmacy University of ManitobaWinnipeg Manitoba R3E 0T5 Canada Manitoba Centre for Health Policy Winnipeg Manitoba R3E 3P5 Canada Department of Community Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of ManitobaWinnipeg Manitoba R3E 3P5 Canada Section of Neurology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ManitobaWinnipeg Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada Section of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of ManitobaWinnipegManitoba R3A 1R9 Canada Winnipeg Clinic Winnipeg Manitoba R3C 0N2 Canada Department of Statistics University of ManitobaWinnipeg Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada Department of Human Anatomy Faculty of Medicine University of ManitobaWinnipeg Manitoba R3E 0J9Canada

AIM: To compare the effectiveness and tolerability of paroxetine vs pregabalin for the management of multiple sclerosis(MS)-induced neuropathic pain(NPP).METHODS: A randomized, flexible-dose open-label 8-wk study involving 21 relapsing-remitting MS patients with MS-induced NPP was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of pregabalin versus paroxetine for pain management. The trial included a 3-wk dose titration phase followed by a 5-wk stable dose phase. Primary outcome measures included daily patient-reported pain intensity as measured using a 100 mm visual analogue scale(VAS pain) and daily impact of pain on daily activities(VAS impact). Hierarchical regression modeling was conducted on each outcome to determine if within person VAS trajectory for pain and impact differed across study groups, during 56 d follow-up. RESULTS: Attrition rates were significantly greater(P jority of patients withdrawing due to adverse events. Due to the high attrition rates in the paroxetine study arm, the investigators stopped the study prior to achieving complete recruitment. As such, no significant differences between pregabalin and paroxetine study arms were noted for the primary outcome measures(VAS pain, VAS impact). Comparative assessment of baseline patient characteristics also revealed no significant differences between the study arms. CONCLUSION: High attrition rates associated with paroxetine use suggest that it be used with caution for MS-induced NPP. Efficacy outcomes could not be assessed due to attrition.

关键词： Multiple sclerosis Neuropathic pain Paroxetine Pregabalin Clinical trial

A history of high-power laser research and development in the United Kingdom

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第2期9卷 41-126页

作者： Colin N.Danson malcolm White john R.M.Barr Thomas Bett Peter Blyth David Bowley Ceri Brenner Robert j.Collins Neal Croxford A.E.Bucker Dangor Laurence Devereux Peter E.Dyer Anthony Dymoke-Bradshaw Christopher B.Edwards Paul Ewart Allister I.Ferguson john M.Girkin Denis R.Hall David C.Hanna Wayne Harris David I.Hillier Christopher j.Hooker Simon M.Hooker Nicholas Hopps janet Hull David Hunt Dino A.jaroszynski Mark Kempenaars Helmut Kessler Sir Peter L.Knight Steve Knight Adrian Knowles Ciaran L.S.Lewis Ken S.Lipton Abby Littlechild john Littlechild Peter Maggs Graeme P.A.malcolm OBE Stuart P.D.Mangles William Martin Paul McKenna Richard O.Moore Clive Morrison Zulfikar Najmudin David Neely Geoff H.C.New Michael j.Norman Ted Paine Anthony W.Parker Rory R.Penman Geoff j.Pert Chris Pietraszewski Andrew Randewich Nadeem H.Rizvi Nigel Seddon MBE Zheng-Ming Sheng David Slater Roland A.Smith Christopher Spindloe Roy Taylor Gary Thomas john W.G.Tisch justin S.Wark Colin Webb S.Mark Wiggins Dave Willford Trevor Winstone AWE Aldermaston ReadingUK Oxford Centre for High Energy Density Science Department of PhysicsClarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for Intertial Fusion Studies Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK Formerly of Electrox LetchworthUK Formerly of Central Laser Facility Rutherford LaboratoryDidcotUK Formerly of Ferranti Defence Systems LincolnUK Leonardo EdinburghUK Retired AWEReadingUK Formerly of AWE ReadingUK Formerly of Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Formerly of Optilas Ltd Milton KeynesUK Retired Pro-Lite TechnologyCranfieldUK Specialised Imaging Ltd PitstoneUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Magna-Power Electronics Ltd ReadingUK DeBe Lasers Needham Laser TechnologiesWhitchurchUK Blackett Laboratory Imperial College LondonLondonUK SPIE Europe CardiffUK Professor Emeritus(Physics) University of HullKingston upon HullUK Kentech Instruments Ltd WallingfordUK Department of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Professor Emeritus Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Department of Physics Durham UniversityDurhamUK Professor Emeritus(Photonics) Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUK Professor Emeritus University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Optical Surfaces Ltd KenleyUK jEH Lasers Ltd RugbyUK Scottish Universities Physics Alliance Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK ITER Organization Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance Manx Precision Optics Ltd BallasallaUK Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Elliot Scientific Ltd MetroTest Scientific GroupHarpendenUK Centre for Plasma Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Retired Founderand former MDRofin-Sinar UK LtdHullUK Heraeus Noblelight Ltd CambridgeUK Mirli Books ChelmsfordUK M Squared Lasers Ltd GlasgowUK University of Hertfordshire HatfieldUK E&EO UK Ltd Barton-upon-HumberUK Department of Physics University of YorkYorkUK IC Optical Systems Ltd BeckenhamUK Laser Micromachining Ltd St AsaphUK MBDA UK Ltd Brist

The first demonstration of laser action in ruby was made in 1960 by *** of Hughes Research Laboratories,*** laboratories worldwide began the search for lasers using different materials,operating at different *** the UK,academia,industry and the central laboratories took up the challenge from the earliest days to develop these systems for a broad range of *** historical review looks at the contribution the UK has made to the advancement of the technology,the development of systems and components and their exploitation over the last 60 years.

关键词： high-power lasers history United Kingdom

Global wood anatomical perspective on the onset of the Late Antique Little Ice Age (LALIA) in the mid-6th century CE

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Science Bulletin 2022年第22期67卷 2336-2344页

作者： Ulf Büntgen Alan Crivellaro Dominique Arseneault Mike Baillie David Barclay Mauro Bernabei jarno Bontadi Gretel Boswijk David Brown Duncan A.Christie Olga V.Churakova Edward R.Cook Rosanne D’Arrigo Nicole Davi jan Esper Patrick Fonti Ciara Greaves Rashit M.Hantemirov malcolm K.Hughes Alexander V.Kirdyanov Paul j.Krusic Carlos Le Quesne Fredrik C.Ljungqvist Michael Mc.Cormick Vladimir S.Myglan Kurt Nicolussi Clive Oppenheimer jonathan Palmer Chun Qin Frederick Reinig Matthew Salzer Markus Stoffel Max Torbenson Mirek Trnka Ricardo Villalba Nick Wiesenberg Greg Wiles Bao Yang Alma Piermattei Department of Geography University of CambridgeCambridge CB23ENUK Swiss Federal Research Institute(WSL) Birmensdorf 8903Switzerland Global Change Research Centre(CzechGlobe) Brno 60300Czech Republic Department of Geography Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrno 61300Czech Republic Forest Biometrics Laboratory Faculty of Forestry“Stefan cel Mare”University of SuceavaSuceava 720229Romania Department of Biology Chemistry and GeographyUniversity of Quebec in RimouskiRimouski Qc.G5L 3A1Canada Archaeology&Palaeoecology School of Natural and Built EnvironmentQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUK Department of Geology State University of New York at CortlandCortland NY 13045USA CNR-IBE Institute of BioEconomyNational Research CouncilTrento 38121Italy School of Environment The University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global Universidad Austral de ChileValdivia 509000Chile Center for Climate and Resilience Research(CR) Santiago 8370449Chile Cape Horn International Center(CHIC) Punta Arenas 6200000Chile Institute of Ecology and Geography Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarsk 660041Russia Tree-Ring Laboratory Lamont-Doherty Earth ObservatoryColumbia UniversityPalisades NY 10964USA Department of Environmental Science William Paterson UniversityWayne NJ 07470USA Department of Geography Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainz 55099Germany Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology Ural BranchRussian Academy of SciencesYekaterinburg 620144Russia Ural Institute of Humanities Ural Federal UniversityYekaterinburg 620002Russia Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research University of ArizonaTucson AZ 85721USA Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS Krasnoyarsk 660036Russia Department of Physical Geography Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Department of History Stockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study

Linked to major volcanic eruptions around 536 and 540 CE, the onset of the Late Antique Little Ice Age has been described as the coldest period of the past two millennia. The exact timing and spatial extent of this exceptional cold phase are, however, still under debate because of the limited resolution and geographical distribution of the available proxy archives. Here, we use 106 wood anatomical thin sections from 23forest sites and 20 tree species in both hemispheres to search for cell-level fingerprints of ephemeral summer cooling between 530 and 550 CE. After cross-dating and double-staining, we identified 89Blue Rings(lack of cell wall lignification), nine Frost Rings(cell deformation and collapse), and 93Light Rings(reduced cell wall thickening) in the Northern Hemisphere. Our network reveals evidence for the strongest temperature depression between mid-july and early-August 536 CE across North America and Eurasia, whereas more localised cold spells occurred in the summers of 532, 540–43, and548 CE. The lack of anatomical signatures in the austral trees suggests limited incursion of stratospheric volcanic aerosol into the Southern Hemisphere extra-tropics, that any forcing was mitigated by atmosphere-ocean dynamical responses and/or concentrated outside the growing season, or a combination of factors. Our findings demonstrate the advantage of wood anatomical investigations over traditional dendrochronological measurements, provide a benchmark for Earth system models, support cross-disciplinary studies into the entanglements of climate and history, and question the relevance of global climate averages.

关键词： Blue Rings Climate extremes Dendrochronology Late Antiquity Tree rings Volcanic eruptions

信息通信技术指标在劳动管理中的应用需求、针对性以及潜在用途

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国际行政科学评论（中文版） 2020年第2期 40-62页

作者：安娜·加拉茨卡马尔科姆·贝农蒂姆·爱德华兹曹海军(译) 熊缨(审校) 英国卡迪夫大学卡迪夫商学院英国卡迪夫大学不详

本文研究了81个不同国家的国家劳动管理机构对信息通信技术的使用水平的差异。在对信息通信技术使用现状进行实证研究的基础上,提出了一种国家级信息通信技术使用的样本指标。该指标被用于阐述信息通信技术使用的各个子维度的贡献,包括... 详细信息

本文研究了81个不同国家的国家劳动管理机构对信息通信技术的使用水平的差异。在对信息通信技术使用现状进行实证研究的基础上,提出了一种国家级信息通信技术使用的样本指标。该指标被用于阐述信息通信技术使用的各个子维度的贡献,包括劳动监察、公共就业服务以及劳资纠纷的预防和解决。提供了显示个别国家分类指标和最终指标公式,以及关于信息通信技术使用的国家级排名和地理变化的图解证据(包括这一用途的次级方面)。通过对抽样国家的结果提供可能的解释,展示了该方法的未来潜力。

关键词：跨国分析电子政府指标分析方法信息通信技术劳动管理公共行政

Optimising mesh size with escape gaps in a dual-species portunid-trap fishery

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2020年第6期5卷 308-316页

作者： Matt K.Broadhurst Daniel j.Tolhurst Brian Hughes Vincent Raoult Timothy M.Smith Troy F.Gaston NSW Department of Primary Industries Fisheries Conservation Technology UnitNational Marine Science CentrePO Box 4321Coffs HarbourNSW2450Australia Marine and Estuarine Ecology Unit School of Biological SciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia The Roslin Institute and Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary Studies University of EdinburghEaster BushMidlothianEH259RGUnited Kingdom Hunter Local Land Services PO Box 440TareeNSW2430Australia School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of NewcastleOurimbahNSW2258Australia

In south-eastern Australia,the same baited,round traps(comprising 50–57-mm mesh netting)are used to target giant mud,Scylla serrata and blue swimmer crabs,Portunus armatus in spatially separated *** fisheries are characterised by the common,problematic discarding of undersized portunids(<85 and 65 mm carapace length;CL for *** and ***)and fish(yellowfin bream,Acanthopagrus australis).This poor selectivity was addressed here in two experiments assessing the utility of(1)traps partially or completely covered in larger mesh(91 mm to match the minimum legal size of the smaller ***),and then(2)any cumulative benefits of fitting species-specific escape *** experiment 1,there were no differences among catches of legal-sized portunids associated with either partial,or complete trap coverage with larger *** of mesh coverage,both designs of 91-mm traps also retained significantly fewer(by up to 42%)undersized *** and *** experiment 2,replicate traps completely covered in 91-mm mesh were tested against conventional traps comprising 56-mm mesh,and traps with the same mesh sizes,but also three escape gaps configured for either ***(46×120 mm)or ***(36×120 mm)(*** treatments in total).All modified traps maintained catches of legal-sized ***,and only the 91-mm traps with escape gaps caught fewer legal-sized *** undersized ***,*** and ***(mean catches reduced by up to 49%)were retained in all larger-meshed than small-meshed traps,and in all of those traps with escape gaps(by up to 95%)than *** there were no significant cumulative benefits of escape gaps in largermeshed traps(measured by a statistical interaction),there was a trend of fewer unwanted catches *** data support configuring portunid traps with mesh sizes matching the morphology of the smallest legal-sized target ***,simply retroactively fitting escape gaps in existing,smaller-m

关键词： Bycatch Escape gap Mesh size Portunid

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做好过程

游泳 2022年第3期 42-46页

作者：迈克尔·j·斯科特陈萌(译) 不详

1993年,瑞典认知心理学家安德斯·埃里克森(Anders Ericsson)提出:伟大不是天生的,而是后天培养的。他认为要想达到完美的表现,至少需要10000小时的训练。他的理念后来为马尔科姆·格拉德威尔(malcolm Gladwell)在《异类:成功的故事》(2... 详细信息

1993年,瑞典认知心理学家安德斯·埃里克森(Anders Ericsson)提出:伟大不是天生的,而是后天培养的。他认为要想达到完美的表现,至少需要10000小时的训练。他的理念后来为马尔科姆·格拉德威尔(malcolm Gladwell)在《异类:成功的故事》(2008年)中提出的“10000小时定律”奠定了基础,该定律提出大概训练10000个小时就可以精通某项技能或在某个领域成为专家。对于教练来说,这就是所谓的“过程”。七年前,NBA费城76人队使用‘相信过程’这个口号,希望队员、粉丝不要纠结于短期的牺牲,而是要保持耐心,放眼于长期的收获。本文介绍年龄组和高中教练及大学教练们如何运用做好过程来提高运动员们的表现。

关键词：后天培养埃里克森认知心理学家 NBA 马尔科姆教练运动员年龄组