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Analysis of Serum Antibody Level after COVID-19 Vaccine and Side Effects after Vaccine

Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第2期13卷 249-262页

作者： Hiromi Nagashima Shinji Chiba Shinnosuke Oura Itaru Fujimura Masachika Akiyama Yu Utsumi Hironori Sakai Wataru Hojo Takuya Iwabuchi makoto maemondo Department of Internal Medicine Division of Pulmonary Medicine Iwate Medical University Yahaba Japan R&D Cellspect Co. Ltd. Morioka Japan Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Medicine Jichi Medical University Shimotsuke Japan

Background: COVID-19 has caused a large number of deaths, in the elderly. In this situation, vaccines have been considered the main strategy to combat COVID-19 and were developed worldwide in 2020. One problem with COVID-19 vaccination is side effects after vaccination. In this report, we identify the relationship between side effects and elevation of antibodies as determined by monitoring several kinds of antibodies against COVID-19. Objective: We investigated whether the antibody level changed depending on side effects after COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: Healthy volunteers, who received two vaccinations between 10 March and 7 May 2021, were collected for this study. Information including age, gender, smoking history, medical history including allergies and side reactions after vaccination was obtained by questionnaire. Serum levels of antibodies of IgG and IgM against each S1, SP, and NP antigens of COVID-19 were evaluated frequently for 3 - 4 months after the first vaccination. Result: Ten employees working at Iwate Medical University were evaluated in this study. Side effects were observed in 7 of 10 patients, and grade 2 side effects in all 3 patients with a history of allergic disease. Serum S1 and SP IgG were elevated sufficiently in all patients. In all patients, IgG antibody titers fell below the cutoff point in approximately 3 months. No cases had elevated NP antibodies. SP IgM was elevated in three cases;all three cases with elevated IgM had allergic disease and the degree of side effects was relatively higher. Subjects with long-lasting elevated SPIgM were observed. Conclusion: S1 IgG and SP IgG exceeded the cutoff in all subjects after vaccination but decreased below the cutoff in all subjects within 4 months, regardless of side effects or allergic history. On the other hand, elevated SPIgM was suspected to be related to side effects and history of allergies, and cases with persistent elevation of SPIgM were observed.

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccination History of Allergic Disease Side Effect S1 IgG SP IgG SP IgM

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Multi-Physics CFD Simulations in Engineering

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Journal of Thermal Science 2013年第4期22卷 287-293页

作者： makoto Yamamoto Tokyo University of Science Department of Mechanical Engineering 6-3-1 NiijukuKatsushika-ku Tokyo 125-8585 Japan

Nowadays Computational Fluid Dynamics （CFD） software is adopted as a design and analysis tool in a great number of engineering fields. We can say that single-physics CFD has been suffciently matured in the practical point of view. The main target of existing CFD software is single-phase flows such as water and air. However, many multi-physics problems exist in engineering. Most of them consist of flow and other physics, and the interactions between different physics are very important. Obviously, multi-physics phenomena are critical in devel- oping machines and processes. A multi-physics phenomenon seems to be very complex, and it is so difficult to be predicted by adding other physics to flow phenomenon. Therefore, multi-physics CFD techniques are still under research and development. This would be caused from the facts that processing speed of current computers is not fast enough for conducting a multi-physics simulation, and furthermore physical models except for flow physics have not been suitably established. Therefore, in near future, we have to develop various physical models and ef- ficient CFD techniques, in order to success multi-physics simulations in engineering. In the present paper, I will describe the present states of multi-physics CFD simulations, and then show some numerical results such as ice accretion and electro-chemical machining process of a three-dimensional compressor blade which were obtained in my laboratory. Multi-physics CFD simulations would be a key technology in near future.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics Multi-physics Engineering problems

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Artificial Sweat for Humanoid Finger

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2014年第1期11卷 98-108页

作者： makoto Tomimoto NSSL Ltd. 87-2 Ohkuri Nishigamo Kita Kyoto 603-8828 Japan

To achieve favorable Frictional Tactile Sensation （FTS） for robot and humanoid fingers, this report investigated the effects of human finger sweat on Friction Coefficient （FC） and verified the effectiveness of artificial sweat on FTS tbr a humanoid finger. The results show that the model sweat （salt and urea water faked real sweat） increases the FC of the real finger sliding on the high hygroscopic and rough surface （paper）, whereas on the low hygroscopic and smooth surface （PMMA）, the sweat forms a fluid film and decreases FC, restricting severe finger adhesion. Further, the film formation and capillary adhesion force of sweat were discussed. The experimental results with the artificial sweats （ethanol and water） and humanoid finger （silicone rubber skin with tactile sensors） verifies the effectiveness. The artificial sweat restricts severe adhesion （stick-slip vibration）, and enhances cognitive capability of FTS.

关键词： humanoid finger artificial sweat tactile sensation adhesion friction coefficient,

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Innovative nanocrystal-based technologies for ceramic devices with novel electronic functions

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2012年第2期1卷 79-88页

作者： makoto KUWABARA 4-36-501 Shimoshirouzu-kita KasugaFukuoka 816-0854Japan

There has been a great progress in the synthesis of a variety of inorganic colloidal nanocrystals(NCs)with highly controlled size and shape in the last *** achievement has promoted comprehensive researches on the fabrication and engineering of NC devices with novel structure and function with the aim of utilizing them in a wide area of applications,including electronics and optoelectronics,by using various NC assembling and patterning ***,colloidal NCs having been extensively investigated so far are mostly metals,semiconductors and magnetic materials,and only limited investigations on oxide NCs from a point of view of NC ceramic engineering have been ***,innovative nanocrystal-based technologies necessary for the fabrication of NC ceramic devices with novel and gigantic electronic functions,limiting the materials to perovskite oxides,and a new perspective on the future ceramic technology are discussed.

关键词： nanocrystals electronic functions Perovskite bottom-up process

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Modulation of Pain and Itch by Spinal Glia

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第1期34卷 178-185页

作者： makoto Tsuda Department of Life Innovation Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyushu University Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kyushu University

Chronic pain and itch are a pathological operation of the somatosensory system at the levels of primary sensory neurons, spinal cord and brain. Pain and itch are clearly distinct sensations, and recent studies have revealed the separate neuronal pathways that are involved in each sensation. However, the mechanisms by which these sensations turn into a pathological chronic state are poorly understood. A proposed mechanism underlying chronic pain and itch involves abnormal excitability in dorsal horn neurons in the spinal cord. Furthermore, an increasing body of evidence from models of chronic pain and itch has indicated that synaptic hyperexcitability in the spinal dorsal horn might not be a consequence simply of changes in neurons, but rather of multiple alterations in glial cells. Thus, understanding the key roles of glial cells may provide us with exciting insights into the mechanisms of chronicity of pain and itch, and lead to new targets for treating chronic pain and itch.

关键词： Neuropathic pain Chronic itch Microglia Astrocytes Spinal dorsal horn

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Perspective for Future Medicine:Multidisciplinary Computational Anatomy-Based Medicine with Artificial Intelligence

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Cyborg and Bionic Systems 2021年第1期2021卷 64-66页

作者： makoto Hashizume Kyushu University and Kitakyushu Koga Hospital Japan

Multidisciplinary computational anatomy(MCA)is a new frontier of science that provides a mathematical analysis basis for the comprehensive and useful understanding of“dynamic living human anatomy.”It defines a new mathematical modeling method for the early detection and highly intelligent diagnosis and treatment of incurable or intractable *** MCA is a method of scientific research on innovative areas based on the medical images that are integrated with the information related to:(1)the spatial axis,extending from a cell size to an organ size;(2)the time series axis,extending from an embryo to post mortem body;(3)the functional axis on physiology or metabolism which is reflected in a variety of medical image modalities;and(4)the pathological axis,extending from a healthy physical condition to a diseased *** aims to integrate multiple prediction models such as multiscale prediction model,temporal prediction model,anatomy function prediction model,and anatomypathology prediction *** intelligence has been introduced to accelerate the calculation of statistic mathematical *** future perspective is expected to promote the development of human resources as well as a new MCA-based scientific interdisciplinary field composed of mathematical statistics,information sciences,computing data science,robotics,and biomedical engineering and clinical *** MCA-based medicine might be one of the solutions to overcome the difficulties in the current medicine.

关键词： anatomy prediction overcome

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Gut microbiota and host metabolism in liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第41期21卷 11597-11608页

作者： makoto Usami makoto Miyoshi Hayato Yamashita Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Department of Biophysics Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences Department of Nutrition Kobe University Hospital Kobe University School of Medicine

The gut microbiota has the capacity to produce a diverse range of compounds that play a major role in regulatingthe activity of distal organs and the liver is strategically positioned downstream of the gut. Gut microbiota linked compounds such as short chain fatty acids, bile acids, choline metabolites, indole derivatives, vitamins, polyamines, lipids, neurotransmitters and neuroactive compounds, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormones have many biological functions. This review focuses on the gut microbiota and host metabolism in liver cirrhosis. Dysbiosis in liver cirrhosis causes serious complications, such as bacteremia and hepatic encephalopathy, accompanied by small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and increased intestinal permeability. Gut dysbiosis in cirrhosis and intervention with probiotics and synbiotics in a clinical setting is reviewed and evaluated. Recent studies have revealed the relationship between gut microbiota and host metabolism in chronic metabolic liver disease, especially, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, and with the gut microbiota metabolic interactions in dysbiosis related metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. Recently, our understanding of the relationship between the gut and liver and how this regulates systemic metabolic changes in liver cirrhosis has increased. The serum lipid levels of phospholipids, free fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially, eicosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid have significant correlations with specific fecal flora in liver cirrhosis. Many clinical and experimental reports support the relationship between fatty acid metabolism and gut-microbiota. Various blood metabolome such as cytokines, amino acids, and vitamins are correlated with gut microbiota in probioticstreated liver cirrhosis patients. The future evaluation of the gut-microbiota-liver metabolic network and the intervention of these relationships using probiotics, s

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Microbiota Metabolism Fatty acids

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Effect of Seed Layer on the Orientation of Zinc Oxide Film on Silicon Substrate

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2005年第6期21卷 887-890页

作者： Mi XIAO makoto KUWABARA School of Electronic Information Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Department of Materials Science Tokyo University Tokyo Japan

The effect of seed layer on the orientation of ZnO film was investigated. Before the preparation of ZnO film using sol-gel method, seed layer of ZnO was prepared in a similar way using the precursor at a rather low concentration. Experiments show that the existence of seed layer can improve the orientation of the finally prepared ZnO film, while baking temperature, baking time and precursor concentration all have effects on the final results.

关键词： ZnO film Sol-gel Seed layer

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Development of a biliary multi-hole self-expandable metallic stent for bile tract diseases: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第11期7卷 1323-1329页

作者： makoto Kobayashi Division of Gastroenterology Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital

BACKGROUND Uncovered stents used for malignant obstructions in the biliary tree, especially in the hilar area, are prone to obstruction by tumor ingrowths. In comparison, however, covered stents may block bile duct branches and are at risk of migration. We have developed a multi-hole self-expandable metallic stent (MHSEMS), with a hole in each cell, to prevent the obstruction of bile duct branches. In addition, the holes may prevent migration due to small ingrowths by reducing the tension of the membrane. CASE SUMMARY MHSEMS were placed in five patients with a malignant obstruction and one with post-endoscopic sphincterotomy bleeding. Each MHSEMS was successfully deployed in all cases. Patients showed no complications. Two cases were reviewed. Case 1: A 74-year-old male presented with jaundice and was diagnosed with a sigmoid colon cancer and giant liver metastases in the right liver lobe. A MHSEMS was placed in the left bile duct. The jaundice improved and peroral cholangioscopy was performed. Case 2: A 90-year-old female was admitted to hospital for jaundice and diagnosed with cholangiocarcinoma. A MHSEMS was placed in the left bile duct but after 8 months the stent became obstructed by tumor ingrowth. We treated the patient by ablation therapy. A silicone cover separated the internal bile duct from the surrounding tissue, protecting the latter from thermal injury during treatment by endobiliary ablation of the reobstruction. CONCLUSION A MHSEMS is a new choice of stent for biliary tract diseases.

关键词： Multi-hole self-expandable metallic stent Malignant biliary stricture Benign biliary stricture Hilar biliary obstruction Distal biliary obstruction Endobiliary radiofrequency ablation Case report

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UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS AND CAVITATING FLOW OF WATER ENTRY

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2004年第4期20卷 374-382页

作者：施红辉 KUME makoto State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China College of Mechanical Engineering and Automatic ControlZhejiang University of SciencesXiasha Higher Education ZoneHangzhou 310018China Department of Mechanical Engineering Nagoya Institute of TechnologyGokiso-choShowa-kuNagoya 466-8555Japan

The fluid mechanics of water entry is studied through investigating the underwater acoustics and the *** acoustic signals in water entry are extensively measured at about 30 different positions by using a PVDF needle *** the measurements we obtain (1)the primary shock wave caused by the impact of the blunt body on free surface;(2)the vapor pressure inside the cavity;(3)the secondary shock wave caused by pulling away of the cavity from free surface;and so *** supercavitation induced by the blunt body is observed by using a digital high-speed video camera as well as the single shot *** periodic and 3 dimensional motion of the supercavitation is *** experiment is carried out at room temperature.

关键词： water entry underwater acoustics supercavitation PVDF hydrophone high-speed photography

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