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A Novel Methodological Approach to Estimate the Impact of Natural Hazard-Induced Disasters on Country/Region-Level Economic Growth

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第1期9卷 74-85页

作者： Sayanti Mukherjee makarand hastak Lyles School of Civil Engineering Purdue University School of Industrial Engineering Purdue University Division of Construction Engineering and Management Purdue University

With the increased frequency of extreme weather events and large-scale disasters, extensive societal and economic losses incur every year due to damage of infrastructure and private properties, business disruptions,fatalities, homelessness, and severe health-related issues. In this article, we analyze the economic and disaster data from1970 through 2010 to investigate the impact of disasters on country/region-level economic growth. We leveraged a random parameter modeling approach to develop the growth-econometrics model that identifies risk factors significantly influencing the country/region-level economic growth in the face of natural hazard-induced disasters,while controlling for country/region-and time-specific unobserved heterogeneities. We found that disaster intensity in terms of fatalities and homelessness, and economic characteristics such as openness to trade and a government's consumption share of purchasing power parity(PPP), are the significant risk factors that randomly vary for different countries/regions. Other significant factors found to be significant include population, real gross domestic product(GDP), and investment share of PPP converted GDP per capita. We also found that flood is the most devastating disaster to affect country/region-level economic growth. This growth-econometrics model will help in the policy and decision making of governmentsrelated to the investment needs for pre-and post-disaster risk mitigation and response planning strategies, to better protect nations and minimize disaster-induced economic impacts.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction Economic growth Growth econometrics Impact of natural hazard-induced disasters Panel data analysis Random parameter modeling

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A new perspective on intervertebral disc calcification—from bench to bedside

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 50-61页

作者： Emanuel J.Novais Rajkishen Narayanan Jose A.Canseco Koen van de Wetering Christopher K.Kepler Alan S.Hilibrand Alexander R.Vaccaro makarand V.Risbud Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Sidney Kimmel Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Unidade Local de Saúde do Litoral Alentejano Orthopedic DepartmentSantiago do CacémPortugal Rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University PhiladelphiaPAUSA

Disc degeneration primarily contributes to chronic low back and neck ***,there is an urgent need to understand the spectrum of disc degeneration phenotypes such as fibrosis,ectopic calcification,herniation,or mixed *** these phenotypes,disc calcification is the least *** calcification,by definition,is the pathological mineralization of soft tissues,widely studied in the context of conditions that afflict vasculature,skin,and ***,disc calcification is associated with poor surgical outcomes and back pain refractory to conservative *** is frequently seen as a consequence of disc aging and progressive degeneration but exhibits unique molecular and morphological characteristics:hypertrophic chondrocyte-like cell differentiation;TNAP,ENPP1,and ANK upregulation;cell death;altered Pi and PPi homeostasis;and local *** studies in mouse models have provided a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying this *** is essential to recognize that the presentation and nature of mineralization differ between AF,NP,and EP ***,the combination of anatomic location,genetics,and environmental stressors,such as aging or trauma,govern the predisposition to ***,the systemic regulation of calcium and Pi metabolism is less important than the local activity of PPi modulated by the ANK-ENPP1 axis,along with disc cell death and differentiation *** there is limited understanding of this phenotype,understanding the molecular pathways governing local intervertebral disc calcification may lead to developing disease-modifying drugs and better clinical management of degeneration-related pathologies.

关键词： degeneration metabolism intervertebral

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Prediction of coal ash fusion temperatures using computational intelligence based models

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2018年第4期5卷 486-507页

作者： Sanjeev S.Tambe makarand Naniwadekar Shishir Tivvary Ashis Mukherjee Tarit Baran Das Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division CSIR-National Chemical LaboratoryDr.Homi Bhabha RoadPashanPune 411008India Chemical Engineering Department All India Shri Shivaji Memorial Society's College of Engineering (AISSMSCOE)Kennedy RoadPune 411001India Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU) Ganeshkhind RoadPune 411007India Combustion Science and Technology CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CIMFR)Dhanbad 826015India Mineral Technology CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CIMFR)Dhanbad 826015India

In the coal-based combustion and gasification processes, the mineral matter contained in the coal (predominantly oxides), is left as an incombustible residue, termed ash. Commonly, ash deposits are formed on the heat absorbing surfaces of the exposed equipment of the combustion/gasification processes. These deposits lead to the occurrence of slagging or fouling and. consequently, reduced process efficiency. The ash fusion temperatures (AFTs) signify the temperature range over which the ash deposits are formed on the heat absorbing surfaces of the process equipment. Thus, for designing and operating the coal-based processes, it is important to have mathematical models predicting accurately the four types of AFTs namely initial deformation temperature, softening temperature, hemispherical temperature, and flow temperature. Several linear/nonlinear models with varying prediction accuracies and complexities are available for the AFT prediction. Their principal drawback is their applicability to the coals originating from a limited number of geographical regions. Accordingly, this study presents computational intelligenee (CI) based nonlinear models to predict the four AFTs using the oxide composition of the coal ash as the model input. The CI methods used in the modeling are genetic programming (GP), artificial neural networks, and support vector regression. The no table features of this study are that the models with a better AFT prediction and generalization performanee, a wider application potential, and reduced complexity, have been developed. Among the Ci-based models, GP and MLP based models have yielded overall improved performanee in predicting all four AFTs.

关键词： Ash fusion temperature Artificial neural networks Support vector regression Genetic programming Data-driven modeling

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Improvement of Upland Rice Variety by Pyramiding Drought Tolerance QTL with Two Major Blast Resistance Genes for Sustainable Rice Production

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Rice science 2021年第5期28卷 493-500,I0033-I0036页

作者： Vishalakshi Balija Umakanth Bangale Senguttuvel Ponnuvel Kalyani makarand Barbadikar Srinivas Prasad Madamshetty Sanjeeva Rao Durbha Hari Yadla Sheshu Madhav Maganti Biotechnology Division ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice ResearchRajendra NagarHyderabad 500030India Hybrid Rice Division ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice ResearchRajendra NagarHyderabad 500030India Plant Pathology Division ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice ResearchRajendra NagarHyderabad 500030India Plant Physiology Division ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice ResearchRajendra NagarHyderabad 500030India Regional Agricultural Research Station Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural UniversityWarangal 506006India Department of Biotechnology Acharya Nagajna UniversityGuntur 522510India

Varalu is an early maturing rice variety widely grown in the rainfed ecosystem preferred for its grain type and cooking ***,the yield of Varalu is substantially low since it is being affected by reproductive drought stress along with the blast *** genetic improvement of Varalu was done by introgressing a major yield QTL,qDTY_(12.1),along with two major blast resistance genes ***54 and Pi1 through marker-assisted backcross *** traits were transferred till BC_(2) generation and intercrossing was followed to pyramid the two *** foreground selection was carried out using linked markers as well as peak markers(RM28099,RM28130,RM511 and RM28163)for the targeted QTL(qDTY_(12.1)),RM206 for Pi54 and RM224 for *** background selection was done using genome-wide SSR *** best lines(MSM-36,MSM-49,MSM-53,MSM-57,MSM-60 and MSM-63)having qDTY_(12.1) and two blast resistance genes in homozygous condition with recurrent parent genome of 95.0%-96.5% having minimal linkage drag of about 0.1 to 0.7 Mb were *** lines showed yield advantage under drought stress as well as irrigated ***-36 showed better performance in the national coordinated trials conducted across India,which indicated that improved lines of Varalu expected to replace Varalu and may have an important role in sustaining rice *** present study demonstrated the successful marker-assisted pyramiding strategy for introgression of genes/QTLs conferring biotic stress resistance and yield under abiotic stress in rice.

关键词： blast resistance drought stress marker-assisted gene pyramiding rainfed ecosystem upland rice

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Tips and tricks for getting more out of your delayed primary repair of ruptured flexor pollicis longus tendon

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2017年第8期4卷 135-136页

作者： Charles Yuen Yung Loh Alethea Tan makarand Tare St Andrew's Centre for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Broomfield HospitalChelmsford CM17ETUK

Sir, Primary tendon repairs are often difficult in patients with delayed presentation. Tendons are contracted and shortened with extensive scarring occurring along the path of the tendon. Pulleys and the wound bed can be filled with granulation tissue which obstructs the passage of the tendon. Many of such patients would then be treated with a two stage tendon reconstruction, which involves the insertion of a silicone rod for pseudosheath formation[1] before tendon grafting at a second stage. This however, would set the patient back for roughly six months, especially involving multiple visits to physiotherapy and being off work. We would like to describe several tips and tricks in our armamentarium and illustrate these using a case we recently encountered [Figure 1].

关键词： Primary Presentation Armamentarium

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Breeding and biotechnological efforts in Jatropha curcas *** sustainable yields

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Oil Crop Science 2021年第4期6卷 180-191页

作者： S.Arockiasamy Jyothirmayi Kumpatla Sainath Hadole Vijay Yepuri Manoj Patil Vineeta Shrivastava Chandrasekhara Rao Nagesh Kancharla Saakshi Jalali Alok Varshney Neeta Madan Sai Pothakani Vinod Nair Sridhar Peyyala Vishwnadharaju Mudunuri Ananthan Gopal Niranjan S.Kumar Jawahar Pachiyannan Satyanarayana Seelamanthula J.V.Narasimham makarand Phadke Anindya B Ajit Sapre Santanu Dasgupta Agronomy Division Reliance Technology GroupReliance Industries LtdGhansoliNavi Mumbai400701India Jatropha Breeding Station Reliance Industries LtdIDA-PeddapuramADB Road SamalkotaAndhra Pradesh533440India

Jatropha is a non-edible,important bioenergy plant,which can grow in marginalized *** seeds possess about 36%oil and this would be converted into biodiesel or *** provides an option for sustainable feed and fuel production due to its inherent qualities including hardy nature,drought tolerance and surviving with limited amount of water,tolerance to unfavorable conditions and excessive ***,heterozygosity,low productivity and poor understanding of its genome are the major impediments to elite line ***,classical breeding and advanced technological investments remain limited owing to long juvenile phase and breeding *** technologies that lead to identification of elite genotypes and development of high yielding elite Jatropha lines and effective methods of detoxification of seeds needs immediate *** tissue culture system,doubled haploids(DH)and genomic tools are increasingly made available to improve the seed yield and its oil quantity through the development of geminivirus disease resistant *** application of advanced,sequencing technologies has presented a repertoire of genomic information for this important yet orphan *** the present investigation,we highlight the achievements made in Jatropha towards development of high yielding,virus resistant elite lines and hybrids with yield potential ranging from 3 to 5 tons per hectare in a year,which is a first ever report in the *** also developed potential biotechnological tools such as genetic transformation,genome editing and next generation genomics tools including linkage maps and QTLs for accelerating breeding efforts through marker assisted *** of our concerted and continuous efforts during the past 15 years,we have overcome all the obstacles and developed high yielding,disease resistant hybrids/lines,advanced cultivation technologies with thorough knowledge on Agronomy of the Jatropha *** Jatropha cultivat

关键词： Breeding Hybrids Micropropagation Transformation Sequencing Mapping QTLs CRISPR

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