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Biological Control of Tortricidae in Tea Fields in Japan Using Insect Viruses and Parasitoids

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Virologica Sinica 2009年第4期24卷 323-332页

作者： madoka Nakai Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

Tea is a perennial and evergreen plant. Cultivated tea trees provide a habitat for insect pests and their natural enemies. In Japan, granuloviruses (GVs) have successfully controlled two of the most important pests of tea, Adoxophyes honmai and Homona magnanima (Tortricidae: Lepidoptera). The GVs are produced in vivo and a single application sustains pesticidal efficacy throughout a year, which encompasses 4 to 5 discrete generations of both species. A. honmai and H. magnanima also have various natural enemies, especially hymenopteran parasitoids. Such resident natural enemies also play a role in reducing the pest density in virus-controlled fields, but the effect of virus infection on parasitoids sharing the same host larva has not been well studied. Survival of one of the major parasitoids of A. honmai, Ascogaster reticulata (Braconidae: Hymenoptera), is reduced by virus infection of the host. Viruses, including GV and entomopoxvirus (EPV), and certain koinobiont endoparasitoids, including A. reticulata, are both known to regulate host endocrinology. However, the GV and EPV have distinct host regulation mechanisms, and consequently have different impacts on the survival of A. retuculata, when A. reticulata parasitizes a host that is infected with either GV or EPV. These additional effects on host regulation displayed by both viruses and parasitoids affect the outcome of virus-parasitoid interactions.

关键词：昆虫病毒生物控制寄生蜂卷蛾科茶园日本痘病毒感染害虫密度

Quantification of intermuscular and intramuscular adipose tissue using magnetic resonance imaging after neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第12期12卷 2100-2105页

作者： madoka Ogawa Robert Lester Hiroshi Akima Ashraf S.Gorgey Graduate School of Education & Human Development Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Japan Society for Promotion of Science Tokyo Japan Spinal Cord Injury and Disorders Center Hunter Holmes McGuire VAMC Richmond VA USA Research Center of Health Physical Fitness and Sports Nagoya University Nagoya Japan Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Ectopic adiposity has gained considerable attention because of its tight association with metabolic and cardiovascular health in persons with spinal cord injury（SCI）. Ectopic adiposity is characterized by the storage of adipose tissue in non-subcutaneous sites. Magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） has proven to be an effective tool in quantifying ectopic adiposity and provides the opportunity to measure different adipose depots including intermuscular adipose tissue（IMAT） and intramuscular adipose tissue（Intra MAT） or intramuscular fat（IMF）. It is highly important to distinguish and clearly define these compartments, because controversy still exists on how to accurately quantify these adipose depots. Investigators have relied on separating muscle from fat pixels based on their characteristic signal intensities. A common technique is plotting a threshold histogram that clearly separates between muscle and fat peaks. The cut-offs to separate between muscle and fat peaks are still not clearly defined and different cut-offs have been identified. This review will outline and compare the Midpoint and Otsu techniques, two methods used to determine the threshold between muscle and fat pixels on T1 weighted MRI. The process of water/fat segmentation using the Dixon method will also be outlined. We are hopeful that this review will trigger more research towards accurately quantifying ectopic adiposity due to its high relevance to cardiometabolic health after SCI.

关键词： intermuscular adipose tissue intramuscular adipose tissue intramuscular fat ectopic adiposity magnetic resonance imaging

Topological pruning enables ultra-low Rayleigh scattering in pressure-quenched silica glass

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 499-506页

作者： Yongjian Yang Osamu Homma Shingo Urata madoka Ono John C.Mauro Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Innovative Technology Research Center AGC Inc.1150 Hazawa-choKanagawa-ku YokohamaKanagawa 221-8755Japan Materials Integration Laboratories AGC Inc.1150 Hazawa-choKanagawa-ku YokohamaKanagawa 221-8755Japan Research Institute for Electronic Science Hokkaido UniversityKita 20 Nishi 10Kita-kuSapporoHokkaido 001-0020Japan

Silica glass is the most indispensable material in optical communication applications due to its superior optical *** transmission loss of silica glass has been reduced over the past 30 years by continuous efforts toward decreasing density fluctuations by lowering of fictive temperature,e.g.,through improvements in processing or doping.A recent study has shown that shrinkage of structural voids by hot compression is a promising way to further decrease the ***,an atomic understanding of the pressure effect is still ***,using molecular simulations,we connect the void shrinkage to topological pruning of silica *** physical models predict that the Rayleigh scattering loss of pressure-quenched silica glass can be reduced by>50%when the glass is quenched at an appropriate pressure(4 GPa in our simulation).Our studies are consistent with available experimental results and demonstrate topologically optimized structure can give desirable properties for optical applications of silica as well as other glasses with similar network structure.

关键词： properties structure glass

In Vitro Infectious Risk Assessment of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3j(HvAV-3j) toward Non-target Vertebrate Cells

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第4期34卷 423-433页

作者： Huan Yu Yi-Yi Ou-Yang Ni Li madoka Nakai Guo-Hua Huang Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 41012& China College of Plant Protection Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 41012& China Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology SaiwaiFuchuTokyo 183-8509Japan

As specific pathogens of noctuid pests,including Spodoptera exigua,***,Helicoverpa armigera,and Mythimna separata,ascoviruses are suitable for the development of *** this study,the infectivity of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3j(HvAV-3j)on insect and mammalian cells was ***-3j infection induced drastic morphological changes in Sf9,HzAMl,SeFB,and HaFB cells,including swelling and detachmen Notably,the latter phenomena did not occur in HvAV-3j-inoculated mammalian cells(HEK293,7402,HePG2,PK15,ST,and TM3).MTT assays indicated that HvAV-3j inhibited the growth of host insect cells from the 6th hpi,but no effects were detected in the HvAV-3j-inoculated mammalian ***,viral DNA replication,gene transcription,and protein expression were investigated,and the results consistently suggested that HvAV-3j viruses were not able to replicate their genomic DNA,transcribe,or express their proteins in the non-target vertebrate *** HvAV-3j genes were only transcribed and expressed in the four insect cell *** results indicated that HvAV-3j was infectious to cells derived from ***,***,***,and *** but not to cells derived from human,pig,and mouse,suggesting that ascoviruses are safe to nontarget vertebrate cells.

关键词： Infectious risk Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3j(HvAV-3j) Mammalian cells Insect cells

Nanoparticles-based nanochannels assembled on a plastic flexible substrate for label-free immunosensing

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Nano Research 2015年第4期8卷 1180-1188页

作者： Alfredo de la Escosura-Muniz Marisol Espinoza-Castaneda madoka Hasegawa Laetitia Philippe Arben Merkoci ICN2-Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia Campus UAB 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain EMPA Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Feuerwerkerstrasse 39 3602Thun Switzerland ICREA-Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Esrudis Avan@ats 08010 Barcelona Spain

便宜地，可处理、单个使用的基于 nanoparticles 的 nanochannel 站台为没有标签的 immunosensing 在灵活底层上装配了的一篇小说被介绍。这个察觉到的平台被 carboxylated 聚苯乙烯 nanospheres PS 的同类、装配的单层的 dip-coating ... 详细信息

便宜地，可处理、单个使用的基于 nanoparticles 的 nanochannel 站台为没有标签的 immunosensing 在灵活底层上装配了的一篇小说被介绍。这个察觉到的平台被 carboxylated 聚苯乙烯 nanospheres PS 的同类、装配的单层的 dip-coating 形成， 200 和 500 到灵活的打印屏幕的铟锡氧化物 / 聚乙烯 terephthalate ITO/PET 电极的工作区域上缩放 nm。在自我装配的 nanospheres 之间的空格分别地产生秩序井然的 nanochannels，与约 65 和 24 nm 的 inter-PS 粒子距离。形成的 nanochannels 基于监视被用于抗体和随后的蛋白质察觉的有效固定[FeCN 6 ] 通过在在 immunocomplex 之上的微分脉搏 voltammetric 信号的散开和减少的 4 流动形成。获得的察觉到的系统是依赖的 nanochannel 尺寸并且允许选择为在 580 ng/mL 的层次要检测的模型 analyte 的人的免疫球蛋白 G IgG。系统也对在真实样品在场的另外的蛋白质展出优秀特性并且与一件人的尿样品显示出好性能。发达设备表示以前报导的基于 nanochannels 的途径和罐头的限制克服许多的一个综合、简单的 biodetection 系统在未来被扩大到几另外的免疫和 DNA 察觉系统。

关键词：免疫复合物纳米通道纳米粒子柔性基板无标记传感蛋白质检测检测系统

3H-31, A Non-structural Protein of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h,Inhibits the Host Larval Cathepsin and Chitinase Activities

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第5期36卷 1036-1051页

作者： Huan Yu Yi-Yi Ou-Yang Chang-Jin Yang Ni Li madoka Nakai Guo-Hua Huang Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China College of Plant Protection Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology SaiwaiFuchuTokyo 183-8509Japan

3h-31 of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h(Hv AV-3h)is a highly conserved gene of *** an early gene of Hv AV-3h,3h-31 codes for a non-structural protein(3H-31)of Hv *** the study,3h-31 was initially transcribed and expressed at 3 h post-infection(hpi)in the infected Spodoptera exigua fat body cells(Se FB).3h-31 was further inserted into the bacmid of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus(Ac MNPV)to generate an infectious baculovirus(Ac MNPV-31).In vivo experiments showed that budded virus production and viral DNA replication decreased with the expression of 3H-31,and lucent tubular structures were found around the virogenic stroma in the Ac MNPV-31-infected Se FB *** vivo,both LD50and LD90values of Ac MNPV-31 were significantly higher than those of the wild-type Ac MNPV(Ac MNPV-wt)in third instar *** *** interesting finding was that the liquefaction of the larvae killed by the infection of Ac MNPV-31 was *** and cathepsin activities of Ac MNPV-31-infected larvae were significantly lower than those of Ac MNPV-wt-infected *** possible regulatory function of the chitinase and cathepsin for 3H-31 was further confirmed by RNAi,which showed that larval cathepsin activity was significantly upregulated,but chitinase activity was not significantly changed due to the RNAi of *** on the obtained results,we assumed that the function of 3H-31 was associated with the inhibition of host larval chitinase and cathepsin activities,so as to restrain the hosts in their larval stages.

关键词： Cathepsin Chitinase Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h(HvAV-3h) Recombinant virus 3h-31

Readiness for Advance Care Planning in Older Adults: A Literature Review

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Open Journal of Nursing 2019年第1期9卷 14-23页

作者： madoka Nakamura Department of Nursing School of Health Sciences Sapporo Medical University Sapporo Japan

Introduction: In the context of end-of-life care, interest in advance care planning (ACP) has increased as an approach that allows a person to live in the manner of his or her choosing until the end. ACP is a process of discussion among the elderly persons, family members, and medical staff. However, preparations necessary for starting ACP are not clear. In this study, we aim to clarify the readiness of ACP focusing on the elderly who are the center of end-of-life care. Methods: We reviewed the literature on the subject in the CINAHL and PubMed databases. The keywords used were “advance care planning” and “readiness”. Results: Twelve articles were selected for the final analysis. ACP readiness was broadly divided into preparations on the part of the elderly themselves, family members, and medical professionals. Conclusion: The most frequently reported factor in readiness for ACP was elderly people informing their families and physicians of their intentions. In addition, the establishment of communicative relationships among elderly persons, their family members, and medical professionals was considered readiness for commencing ACP. It was suggested that enhancing these types of readiness would help reduce the barriers to ACP, thereby facilitating its practice.

关键词： Advance Care Planning End-of-Life Care Readiness Elderly

Nurse odor perception in various Japanese hospital settings

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2015年第4期2卷 355-360页

作者： Masami Horiguchi Erika Shudo Kumiko Sato madoka Nakamura Wakana Sai Terumi Ohinata Department of Nursing School of Health SciencesSapporo Medical UniversityChuo-kuSapporo 060-8556Japan Department of Nursing Sapporo Medical University HospitalChuo-kuSapporo 060-8543Japan

Because unpleasant hospital odors affect the nursing environment,we investigated nurses'perceptions of the odors of various hospital settings:hospital rooms,nurse stations,and human waste disposal rooms to discard the urine,stools and diapers.A questionnaire based on the Japanese Ministry of the Environment's guidelines on odor index regulation was used to assess nurses'perceptions of odor intensity,comfort,tolerability,and description in the aforementioned *** were distributed to nursing department directors at three Japanese hospitals,who then disseminated the questionnaires to nursing *** the 1,151 questionnaires distributed,496 nurses *** waste disposal rooms had greater odor intensity and were perceived as more uncomfortable than the other *** odors in disposal rooms,hospital rooms,and nurse stations were rated as slightly intolerable in *** and disposal rooms were mainly described as having a“pungent odor such as of urine and stool.”In contrast,nurse stations were described as having other unpleasant odors,such as chemical,human-body-related,or sewage-like *** that nurses spend much of their time in hospital rooms and nurse stations,odor management in these two settings would likely improve nurses'working conditions at *** odors at nurse stations is *** improvements could have indirect effects on nurse turnover and burnout.

关键词： Hospital odor Questionnaire for nurses Intensity of odor Nurse station

Temporal Sequence of Sweetness Perception in Fruit-Flavored Tea: A Descriptive Report on the Influence of Sucrose Concentrations on the Sensation

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第1期10卷 110-117页

作者： Suzuka Akemura Nomo Hasebe madoka Kasahara Honami Sakai Eri Sanada Yozo Miyaoka Department of Health and Nutrition Niigata University of Health and Welfare Niigata Japan

The goals of this study were to examine, using the temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) method, the effects of 1) the sucrose concentration on the temporal sequence of sweetness perception in four fruit-flavored (lemon, peach, strawberry, and vanilla) teas with 0.05, 0.15, and 0.25 M sucrose;and 2) participants’ sex on this temporal sequence. Twenty-four healthy young adults were assigned to female (n = 12) and male (n = 12) groups. Both groups evaluated five sensory attributes in 12 samples (four fruit-flavored teas, each with three sucrose concentrations). As in our preceding study [1], two sensations, sweetness and fruitiness, were dominant after ingesting the 12 teas in both groups, but the temporal sequence of sweetness perception differed between the two groups. On average, the male group reported the first appearance of sweetness earlier in the samples with 0.05 M sucrose compared with the female group, with the samples containing 0.15 and 0.25 M sucrose. The average durations of the sweetness sensation were different between the male and female groups as well as among the sucrose concentrations and the four flavors tested.

关键词： Tea Sweetness Flavor Sucrose Concentration Temporal Dominance of Sensations Sex Differences