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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 15-24页

作者： Qian Wang Dong Huang Wenyan Tu Fengwang ma Changhai Liu State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Auxin is throughout the entire life process of plants and is involved in the crosstalk with other hormones,yet its role in apple disease resistance remains *** this study,we investigated the function of auxin/indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)gene Md IAA24 overexpression in enhancing apple resistance to Glomerella leaf spot(GLS)caused by Colletotrichum fructicola(Cf).Analysis revealed that,upon Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants exhibited enhanced superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)activity,as well as a greater amount of glutathione(reduced form)and ascorbic acid accumulation,resulting in less H_(2)O_(2)and superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-))in apple ***,35S::Md IAA24 plants produced more protocatechuic acid,proanthocyanidins B1,proanthocyanidins B2 and chlorogenic acid when infected with *** Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants presented lower levels of IAA and jasmonic acid(ja),but higher levels of salicylic acid(SA),along with the expression of related *** overexpression of Md IAA24 was observed to enhance the activity of chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase in Cfinfected *** results indicated the ability of Md IAA24 to regulate the crosstalk between IAA,ja and SA,and to improve reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging and defense-related enzymes *** jointly contributed to GLS resistance in apple.

关键词： Apple MdIAA24 Glomerella leaf spot(GLS) Antioxidant capacity Auxin Salicylic acid jasmonic acid

Salicylic acid positively regulates maize defenses against lepidopteran insects

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 519-529页

作者： Yohannes Besufekad Setotaw Jing Li Jinfeng Qi Canrong ma Mou Zhang Cuilian Huang Lei Wang Jianqiang Wu Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant ResourcesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Beijing 100093China

In response to insect attack,plants use intricate signaling pathways,including phytohormones,such as jasmonate(ja),ethylene(ET),and salicylic acid(SA),to activate ***(Zea mays)is one of the most important staple food crops around the *** studies have shown that the ja and ET signaling play important roles in maize defense against insects,but little is known about whether and how SA regulates maize resistance to insect *** this study,we ectopically expressed the NahG(salicylate hydroxylase)gene in maize plants(NahG maize)to block the accumulation of *** was found that compared with the wild-type(WT)maize,the NahG-maize exhibited decreased resistance to the generalist insects Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera frugiperda and the specialist Mythimna separata,and the compromised resistance in the NahG maize was associated with decreased levels of defensive metabolites benzoxazinoids(Bxs)and chlorogenic acid(CA).Quantification of simulated *** feedinginduced ja,ja-isoleucine conjugate(ja-Ile),and ET in the WT and NahG maize indicated that SA does not regulate ja or ja-Ile,but positively controls *** provide evidence suggesting that the SA pathway does not crosstalk with the ja or the ET signaling in regulating the accumulation of Bxs and *** analysis revealed that the bHLH,ERF,and WRKY transcription factors might be involved in SAregulated *** study uncovers a novel and important phytohormone pathway in maize defense against lepidopterous larvae.

关键词： Benzoxazinoids Salicylic acid Herbivory maize Transcriptome

Alternaria TeA toxin activates a chloroplast retrograde signaling pathway to facilitate jadependent pathogenicity

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Plant Communications 2024年第3期5卷 123-140页

作者： Jiale Shi He Wang Mengping Li Liru Mi Yazhi Gao Sheng Qiang Yu Zhang Dan Chen Xinbin Dai Hongyu ma Huan Lu Chanhong Kim Shiguo Chen Weed Research Laboratory Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory Noble Research Institute2510 Sam Noble ParkwayArdmoreOK 73401USA College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Botany and Plant Biology University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

The chloroplast is a critical battleground in the arms race between plants and *** microbe-secreted mycotoxins,tenuazonic acid(TeA),produced by the genus Alternaria and other phytopathogenic fungi,inhibits photosynthesis,leading to a burst of photosynthetic singlet oxygen(1O2)that is implicated in damage and chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde *** the signicant crop damage caused by Alternaria pathogens,our understanding of the molecular mechanism by which TeA promotes pathoge-nicity and cognate plant defense responses remains *** now reveal that *** induces necrotrophic foliar lesions by harnessing EXECUTER1(EX1)/EX2-mediated chloroplast-to-nucleus retro-grade signaling activated by TeA toxin–derived photosynthetic 1O2 in Arabidopsis *** of the 1O2-sensitive EX1-W643 residue or complete deletion of the EX1 singlet oxygen sensor domain compro-mises expression of 1O2-responsive nuclear genes and foliar *** also found that TeA toxin rapidly induces nuclear genes implicated in jasmonic acid(ja)synthesis and signaling,and EX1-mediated retro-grade signaling appears to be critical for establishing a signaling cascade from 1O2 to *** present study sheds new light on the foliar pathogenicity of ***,during which EX1-dependent 1O2 signaling in-duces ja-dependent foliar cell death.

关键词： TeA mycotoxin Alternaria pathogen chloroplast singlet oxygen retrograde signaling jasmonic acid

一种考虑随机通信时延的微网二次电压控制方法

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兰州理工大学学报 2024年第3期50卷 69-76页

作者：冯宜伟马婧兰州理工大学电气工程与信息工程学院甘肃兰州730050

针对具有随机通信时延的孤岛微网二次电压恢复问题,提出了一种分布式协作一致性算法.首先建立了孤岛微网模型,定性分析了具有随机通信时延的微网系统二次电压恢复机理,引入分布式观测器对系统状态进行估计,提出了一种分布式一致性协作... 详细信息

针对具有随机通信时延的孤岛微网二次电压恢复问题,提出了一种分布式协作一致性算法.首先建立了孤岛微网模型,定性分析了具有随机通信时延的微网系统二次电压恢复机理,引入分布式观测器对系统状态进行估计,提出了一种分布式一致性协作控制方法.然后基于Lyapunov稳定性理论和Schur补原理,得到了随机通信时变时延系统在外部输入为零和不为零两种情况下渐近收敛一致的充分性条件.所提出的控制方法提高了孤岛微网系统的抗扰动能力,满足了闭环系统的稳定性和可靠性要求.最后对微网系统的性能进行仿真验证,证明了定理的可行性和正确性.

关键词：孤岛微网状态观测器二次电压随机时延

The G-protein α subunit GhGPA positively regulates Gossypium hirsutum resistance to Verticillium dahliae via induction of SA and ja signaling pathways and ROS accumulation

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The Crop Journal 2021年第4期9卷 823-833页

作者： Bin Chen Yan Zhang Jun Yang man Zhang Qingming ma Xingfen Wang Zhiying ma State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001HebeiChina

Verticillium wilt, a devastating disease in cotton caused by Verticillium dahliae, reduces cotton quality and yield. Heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins, consisting of Ga, Gb, and Gc subunits, transducers of receptor signaling, function in a wide range of biological events. However, the function of Ga proteins in the regulation of defense responses in plants is largely unexplored, except for a few reports on model species. In the present study, a cotton G-protein a-subunit-encoding gene(GhGPA) was isolated from Verticillium wilt-resistant Gossypium hirsutum(upland cotton) cv. ND601. GhGPA transcription was up-regulated under V. dahliae stress, with higher expression in tolerant than in susceptible cotton *** localization revealed GhGPA to be located in the plasma membrane. GhGPA shows high(85.0%) identity with Arabidopsis AT2 G26300(AtGPA1), and AtGPA1 gpa1-4 mutants displayed susceptibility to V. dahliae. Ectopic expression of GhGPA successfully restored the resistance of Arabidopsis gpa1-4 mutants to Verticillium wilt and made them more resistant than the wild type. Overexpression of GhGPA in Arabidopsis markedly increased the resistance and resulted in dramatic up-regulation of pathogenesis-related(PR) genes and increased in H2 O2 accumulation and salicylic acid(SA) and jasmonic acid(ja) contents. However, suppressing GhGPA expression via virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)increased susceptibility to Verticillium wilt, down-regulated the expression of PR and marker genes in SA and ja signaling pathways, and reduced H2 O2 content. The contents of SA and ja in Arabidopsis gpa1-4 and VIGS cotton were lower than those in the wild type and empty-vector control. However,GhGPA-overexpressing Arabidopsis contained more SA and ja than the wild type when inoculated with V. dahliae. Thus, GhGPA plays a vital role in Verticillium wilt resistance by inducing SA and ja signaling pathways and regulating the production of reactive oxygen species. These findings

关键词： Gossypium hirsutum GhGPA Verticillium wilt Pathogenesis-related genes ROS

The Economic Demands on the Method of Founding a Passive Brick House on Foamed Glass Granulate

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2024年第5期18卷 218-222页

作者： marek jašek Faculty of Civil Engineering VSB-TU of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic

The cost of acquisition of a passive house is a little higher than that of a conventional *** design of a passive house should include not only thermal protection and stability of the construction,but it must also take into account the price demands on each of the proposed structures and solution of *** paper deals with the financial comparison of the traditional method of a foundation on the foundation strips of plain concrete and the modern method of founding a passive house as brick construction on the reinforced concrete slab base with a compact subsoil layer of thermal insulation in the form of granules of foamed glass.

关键词： Passive house financial comparison granules of foamed glass

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摩擦型高强螺栓连接抗剪滑移行为研究

公路交通科技 2024年第7期41卷 101-109页

作者：马志贵冀伟武维宏甘肃省交通规划勘察设计院股份有限公司甘肃兰州730000 湖南大学土木工程学院湖南长沙410082

为研究摩擦型高强螺栓抗剪连接的滑移行为,分析了钢结构全过程的受力和变形性能。采用简化的螺栓滑移数值计算方法,使用COMBIN39弹簧单元模拟了螺栓与盖板、芯板之间的摩擦行为以及螺杆与螺栓孔壁之间的接触挤压行为。通过ANSYS有限元... 详细信息

为研究摩擦型高强螺栓抗剪连接的滑移行为,分析了钢结构全过程的受力和变形性能。采用简化的螺栓滑移数值计算方法,使用COMBIN39弹簧单元模拟了螺栓与盖板、芯板之间的摩擦行为以及螺杆与螺栓孔壁之间的接触挤压行为。通过ANSYS有限元软件模拟了单行四列螺栓连接抗剪滑移过程并采用试验加以验证。建模分析了三行六列螺栓群在摩擦阶段、滑移阶段和弹塑性变形阶段的连接抗剪滑移过程,总结出各行螺栓在各个阶段的传力比和芯板、盖板的应力分布规律。根据三阶段滑移过程,提出了螺栓群总滑移量的计算公式。以孔壁变形特点为依据,采用分段函数拟合出孔壁的变形-荷载曲线,并将拟合的曲线与芯板和盖板各螺栓孔壁变形平均值有限元结果进行了比对。结果表明:有限元计算的荷载-位移曲线与实测的荷载-位移曲线吻合良好,验证了有限元模型的正确性;拟合的变形-荷载曲线与有限元模拟值吻合良好;当外荷载为375 kN时,传力比最大的第1列螺栓首先开始松动,之后便出现微小滑移;当外荷载增加至905 kN时,第1列螺栓芯板位置处出现大面积塑性变形区并发生孔壁挤压破坏,可以认为芯板已经达到极限承载能力状态,但此时盖板的Von Mises应力仅为231.1 MPa,说明盖板没有进入屈服状态。研究结果可为摩擦型高强螺栓群的研究和设计提供参考。

关键词：桥梁工程滑移有限元分析高强螺栓群孔壁变形简化数值模型

根边缘细胞缓解土荆芥淋溶途径化感作用对苦荞麦代谢扰动的机制

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生态学报 2024年第6期44卷 2437-2451页

作者：龚意豫谢媛怡李玖一马丹炜四川师范大学生命科学学院成都610101

土荆芥(Chenopodium ambrosioides)可通过淋溶途径的化感作用抑制周围植物的种子萌发和幼苗生长,而根边缘细胞(Root border cells,RBCs)对此具有缓解效应。为探讨这一效应的分子机制,以苦荞麦(Fagopyrum tataricum)为研究对象,测定了在... 详细信息

土荆芥(Chenopodium ambrosioides)可通过淋溶途径的化感作用抑制周围植物的种子萌发和幼苗生长,而根边缘细胞(Root border cells,RBCs)对此具有缓解效应。为探讨这一效应的分子机制,以苦荞麦(Fagopyrum tataricum)为研究对象,测定了在土荆芥水浸提液处理前及处理后,保留RBC组和移除RBC组根尖活性氧(ROS)、超氧阴离子(O_(2)^(-))和丙二醛(MDA)含量以及抗氧化酶[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)]活性的差异。再利用转录组测序分析上述处理对其代谢通路的影响,并进行qRT-PCR验证。结果表明:土荆芥水浸提液处理后,苦荞麦根尖ROS、O_(2)^(-)和MDA的含量以及抗氧化酶(POD和CAT)活性明显提高,且RBC移除组升高更多。通路分析表明,土荆芥水浸提液处理后,移除和保留RBCs组的苯丙素合成、α-亚麻酸代谢、类黄酮合成和谷胱甘肽代谢通路都显著发生改变。其中,苯丙素合成通路以抑制为主,且移除RBCs后受到抑制的程度更低;α-亚麻酸代谢通路中的甾酯水解酶(steryl ester hydrolase,TGL4)和磷脂酶A1(phospholipase A1,DAD1)的表达量大幅上调,而在移除RBCs组则未见变化,TGL4和DAD1负责将磷脂酰胆碱催化形成α-亚麻酸,为抑制植物生长并提高抗性的茉莉酸(ja)提供丰富的底物。此外,与根部疏水性有关的角质、木栓质和蜡合成通路只在移除RBCs组显著改变。上述结果表明,根边缘细胞通过影响根尖抗逆物质合成(苯丙素通路)、抗氧化酶和非酶抗氧化系统(类黄酮和谷胱甘肽)和根部疏水性等方面,以及提高茉莉酸(ja)的表达,在生长和防御中寻找平衡,缓解土荆芥水溶性物质化感胁迫;土荆芥水溶性物质成分复杂,具体哪一种成分在其化感作用中扮演主效作用,尚待进一步研究确证。

关键词：土荆芥化感作用苦荞麦根边缘细胞代谢调控转录组

Defining and tracing subtypes of patient-derived xenograft models in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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Cancer Communications 2024年第8期44卷 915-920页

作者： Sangyeop Hyun Youngmin Han jae Yun Moon Young-Ah Suh Won-Gun Yun Wooil Kwon Jong-Eun Lee Daeun Kim ja-Lok Ku Jin-Young jang Daechan Park Department of Molecular Science and Technology Ajou UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Molecular Science and Technology Research Center Ajou UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea DNA Link Inc. SeoulRepublic of Korea Korean Cell Line Bank Laboratory of Cell BiologyCancer Research InstituteSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea

Patient-derived xenograft(PDX)models have been used to explore therapeutic opportunities for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)[1].Although original tumor characteristics are altered by cancer-stromal interactions... 详细信息

关键词： adenocarcinoma ductal xenograft

New anti-mesenteric delta-shaped stapled anastomosis: Technical report with short-term postoperative outcomes in patients with Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第8期16卷 2592-2601页

作者： Jong Lyul Lee Yong Sik Yoon Hyun Gu Lee Young Il Kim Min Hyun Kim Chan Wook Kim In ja Park Seok-Byung Lim Chang Sik Yu Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoul 05505South Korea Department of Surgery Gangdong Kyung Hee University HospitalSeoul 05278South Korea

BACKGROUND Medical treatment for Crohn’s disease(CD)has continuously improved,which has led to a decrease in surgical recurrence *** these advancements,25%of patients will undergo repeat intestinal *** of CD com-monly occurs on the mesentery side of the anastomosis *** To compare the new anti-mesenteric side-to-side delta-shaped stapled anasto-mosis(DSA)with the conventional stapled functional end-to-end anastomosis(CSA).METHODS This retrospective study included CD patients who underwent ileo-ileal or ileo-colic anastomosis between january 2020 and December *** DSA technique employed a stapler to maintain the concept of anti-mesentery side-to-side ana-stomosis by performing a 90°vertical closure of the open window compared with the CSA *** the corner where the open window is closed,the DSA avoids forming a pouch and creates an anastomosis resembling a delta shape within the intestinal *** compared demographics,preoperative condition,operative findings,and operative outcomes for the two *** The study included 175 patients,including 92 in the DSA group and 83 in the CSA *** two groups were similar in baseline characteristics,preoperative medical treatment,and operative findings except for the Montreal classification *** 30-days postoperative complication rate was signi-ficantly lower in the DSA group compared with the CSA group(16.3%vs 32.5%,P=0.009).Ileus incidence was significantly lower in the DSA group than in the CSA group(4.3%vs 14.5%,P=0.033),and the hospital stay was shorter in the DSA group than in the CSA group(5.67±1.53 days vs 7.39±3.68 days,P=0.001).CONCLUSION The DSA technique was feasible and showed comparable postoperative outcomes with lower short-term complic-ations compared with the CSA *** studies on CD recurrence and long-term complications are warranted.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Surgery Anastomosis Complication Recurrence