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Advances in bio-inspired electrocatalysts for clean energy future

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 515-533页

作者： Jing-wen Duan mu Min-Rui Gao Division of Nanomaterials&Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Electrocatalysis can enable efficient energy storage and conversion and thus is an effective way to achieve carbon neutrality.The unique structure and function of organisms can offer many ideas for the design of electrocatalysts,which has become one of the most promising research directions.Recently,the understanding of the mechanism of bio-inspired electrocatalysis has become clearer,which has promoted the design of bio-inspired catalysts and catalytic systems.Various bio-inspired catalysts(enzyme-like catalysts,layered porous catalysts,superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic surfaces,and so on)have been developed to enable efficient electrocatalytic reactions.Herein,we discuss the key advances in the field of bio-inspired electrocatalysts progressed in recent years.First,the role of bio-inspiration in increasing the intrinsic activity and number of active sites of catalysts is introduced.Then,the structure and mechanism of layered porous catalytic systems that mimic biological transport systems are comprehensively discussed.Subsequently,the design of three-phase interfaces from micro-nanoscale to atomic scale is highlighted,including the wettability of the electrode surface and the transport system near the electrode.We conclude the review by identifying challenges in bio-inspired electrocatalysts and providing insights into future prospects for the exciting research field.

关键词： bio-inspired electrocatalysts active sites layered porous structure three-phase interface

Cascade electrolysis and thermocatalysis: a reliable system for upgrading C1 to C4 hydrocarbons

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 410-412页

作者： Chao-Yue Sun wen Li Hai-qing Wang Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of JinanJinan 250022China

The carbon cycle is important for maintaining a stable climate and carbon balance on Earth. Renewable-electricitydriven upcycling of carbon dioxide (CO_(2)) into value-added multi-carbon molecules is a potentially sus... 详细信息

关键词： cycling hydrocarbons enable

Applications of deep learning for detecting ophthalmic diseases with ultrawide-field fundus

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 188-200页

作者： qing-qing Tang Xiang-Gang Yang Hong-Qiu Wang Da-wen Wu Mei-Xia Zhang Department of Ophthalmology and Research Laboratory of Macular Disease West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511400Guangdong ProvinceChina

AIM:To summarize the application of deep learning in detecting ophthalmic disease with ultrawide-field fundus images and analyze the advantages,limitations,and possible solutions common to all tasks.METHODS:We searched three academic databases,including PubMed,Web of Science,and Ovid,with the date of August 2022.We matched and screened according to the target keywords and publication year and retrieved a total of 4358 research papers according to the keywords,of which 23 studies were retrieved on applying deep learning in diagnosing ophthalmic disease with ultrawide-field images.RESULTS:Deep learning in ultrawide-field images can detect various ophthalmic diseases and achieve great performance,including diabetic retinopathy,glaucoma,age-related macular degeneration,retinal vein occlusions,retinal detachment,and other peripheral retinal diseases.Compared to fundus images,the ultrawide-field fundus scanning laser ophthalmoscopy enables the capture of the ocular fundus up to 200°in a single exposure,which can observe more areas of the retina.CONCLUSION:The combination of ultrawide-field fundus images and artificial intelligence will achieve great performance in diagnosing multiple ophthalmic diseases in the future.

关键词： ultrawide-field fundus images deep learning disease diagnosis ophthalmic disease

Nonlinear Extrapolation Estimates of π

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第1期40卷 91-108页

作者： wen-qing Xu Sha-sha Wang Da-chuan Xu Beijing Institute for Scientific and Engineering Computing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China Department of Mathematics and Statistics California State UniversityLong BeachCalifornia90840USA Department of Mathematics and Physics Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang050043China

The classical Archimedean approximation of π uses the semiperimeter or area of regular polygons inscribed in or circumscribed about a unit circle in R~2 and it is well-known that by using linear combinations of these basic estimates,modern extrapolation techniques can greatly speed up the approximation process.Similarly,when n vertices are randomly selected on the circle,the semiperimeter and area of the corresponding random inscribed and circumscribing polygons are known to converge to π almost surely as n→∞,and by further applying extrapolation processes,faster convergence rates can also be achieved through similar linear combinations of the semiperimeter and area of these random polygons.In this paper,we further develop nonlinear extrapolation methods for approximating π through certain nonlinear functions of the semiperimeter and area of such polygons.We focus on two types of extrapolation estimates of the forms χ_n=S_n~αA_n~β and Y_n(p)=(αS_n~p+βA_n~p)~(1/p) where α+β=1,p≠0,and Sn and An respectively represents the semiperimeter and area of a random n-gon inscribed in the unit circle in R~2,and Xn may be viewed as the limit of Y_n(p) when p→0.By deriving probabilistic asymptotic expansions with carefully controlled error estimates for Xn and Y_n(p),we show that the choice α=4/3,β=-1/3 minimizes the approximation error in both cases,and their distributions are also asymptotically normal.

关键词： Archimedean polygons random polygons approximations ofπ extrapolation processes asymptotic convergence

Layered coordination polymer with two-dimensional covalent bismuth-organic networks:Semiconductor and lithium ion storage

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2181-2185页

作者： mu-qing Li Yulin Cao Lei Qin Hua Cheng Weimin Yang Zhouguang Lu School of Materials Science and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen Polytechnic UniversityShenzhen 518055China Industrial Training Center Shenzhen Polytechnic UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Single crystals of a bismuth-based coordination polymer(CP)with carboxyl-thiol ligands,[Bi(C_(8)H_(2)O_(4)S_(2))(C2H8N)]n(Bi-DSBDC-DMA,DMBDC=2,5-disulfur-1,4-dicarboxylate,DMA=dimethylamine),have been successfully synthesized.X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that Bi-DSBDC-DMA possesses a layered structure,with two-dimensional(2D)Bi-DSBDC networks alternating with layers composed of dimethylamine ions.This material demonstrates semiconducting properties,featuring an optical bandgap of 2.2 eV and an electrical conductivity of 2×10^(-8) S/cm.Furthermore,electrodes based on this material exhibit a capacity of 250 mAh/g after 200 cycles for lithium-ion storage.

关键词： bismuth layer coordination polymer(CP) semiconductor lithium ion storage

Selective photosynthesis of imines from biomass-derived aldehydes over Ni/TiO_(2)

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1116-1124页

作者： Wu-Lin Li qing-qing Zhang Lin Dong wen-Jun Zhang Li-Li Lin Zu-Peng Chen Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and MaterialsCollege of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Institute of Industrial Catalysis State Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry Synthesis TechnologyCollege of Chemical EngineeringZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310014China

Photocatalytic reductive amination of biomass-derived aldehydes is a desirable way to selectively upgrade biomass into value-added nitrogen-containing chemicals under mild conditions.However,it is challenging to produce imines in high selectivity because of the undesirable side reactions caused by the activity of functional groups.Here,we demonstrate the highly reactive and selective production of imines from biomass derived aldehydes via the photocatalytic reductive amination,using a defective TiO_(2)supported nickel catalyst.The employment of methanol as the hydrogen donor and ammonia solution as the nitrogen source avoids the use of high-pressure H_(2)and expensive amines,rendering the current catalytic process safe,economical,and environmentally friendly.In depth investigations attribute the improved separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers to the presence of oxygen vacancies and decorated Ni nanoparticles,thereby accelerating the production of imines from benzaldehyde amination(conversion,95.8%;seleetivity,95.2%).Furthermore,the developed system could be easily translated to the photocatalytic conversions of various biomass derived aldehydes,which provided an example of a cost-effective and sustainable approach for the valorization of biomass derived feedstocks.

关键词： Photocatalysis Biomass derivatives Imines Reduction amination Heterogeneous catalyst

Incidence and warning signs for complications of human brucellosis: a multi-center observational study from China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 53-62页

作者： qing-Nan Shi Hui-Jie Qin Qiao-Shan Lu hu Li Zhong-Fa Tao Meng-Guang Fan mu-Heta Aishan Zeng-Qiang Kou Qiu-Lan Chen wen-Wu Yin Yan-Ping Zhang National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionChangbai RoadChangping DistrictBejing 102206China School of Public Health Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina Nanning Center for Disease Control and Prevention NanningChina Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention GuiyangChina Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention HohhotChina Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention UrumqiChina Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention JinanChina

Background Brucellosis is a severe zoonotic disease that is often overlooked,particularly in impoverished countries.Timely identification of focal complications in brucellosis is crucial for improving treatment outcomes.However,there is currently a lack of established indicators or biomarkers for diagnosing these complications.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate potential warning signs of focal complications in human brucellosis,with the goal of providing practical parameters for clinicians to aid in the diagnosis and management of patients.Methods A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted in China from December 2019 to August 2021.The study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and complications of patients with brucellosis using a ques-tionnaire survey and medical record system.The presence of warning signs for complications was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and the area under the curve(AUC)were used for variable screening and model evaluation.Results A total of 880 participants diagnosed with human brucellosis were enrolled.The median age of the patients Was 50 years[interquartile range(IQR):41.5-58.0],and 54.8%had complications.The most common organ system affected by complications was the osteoarticular system(43.1%),with peripheral arthritis(30.0%),spondylitis(16.6%),paravertebral abscess(5.0%),and sacroilitis(2.7%)being the most prevalent.Complications in other organ systems included the genitourinary system(4.7%),respiratory system(4.7%),and hematologic system(4.6%).Several fac-tors were found to be associated with focal brucellosis.These factors included a long delay in diagnosis odds ratio(OR)=3.963,95%confidence interval(CI):1.906-8.238 for>90 daysl,the presence of underlying disease(OR=1.675,95%CI:1.176-2.384),arthralgia(OR=3.197,95%CI:1.986-5.148),eye bulging pain(OR=3.482,95%CI:1.349-8.988),C-reactive protein(CRP)>10 mg/L(OR=1.910,95%CI:1.310-2.784)and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)el

关键词： Brucellosis Complications Clinical spectrum Warning signs

Morphology Study for GeV Emission of Nearby Supernova Remnant G332.5-5.6

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 134-140页

作者： Ming-Hong Luo qing-wen Tang Xiu-Rong Mo Department of Physics School of Physics and Materials ScienceNanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China

A spatial template is important to study nearby supernova remnants(SNRs).For SNR G332.5-5.6,we report a Gaussian disk with a radius of about 1°.06 to be a potential good spatial model in the γ-ray band.Employing this new Gaussian disk,its GeV lightcurve shows a significant variability of about seven sigma.The γ-ray observations of this SNR could be explained well either by a leptonic model or a hadronic model,in which a flat spectrum for the ejected electrons/protons is required.

关键词： ISM:supernova remnants gamma rays:ISM

Rheological Behaviors of Polymers with Nanoparticles Tethered at Each End

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 400-406,I0009页

作者： Song-Qi Zhang wen-qing Wang Jia-Ping Lin Li-Quan Wang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

The polymer with nanoparticles tethered at each end is a unique model for unraveling the effect of chain ends on the polymer dynamics. We investigated the rheological behavior of this kind of polymer by using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation. The effect of polymer lengths and nanoparticle radii on the complex moduli and viscosity was examined. The dependence of complex moduli on the frequency becomes less pronounced as the polymer is short or the nanoparticle is large. The shear thinning behavior was revealed for these systems, and the scaling exponent of complex viscosity with respect to the frequency was found to change from-1/2 to-3/4 as the polymer shortens or the nanoparticle enlarges. The rheological behavior was further explained by analyzing the mean square distance of nanoparticles. The simulation results were compared with the existing experimental finding, showing an agreement. The work provides information for understanding the chain end effect on polymer rheology.

关键词： Polymer rheology Modulus Viscosity Molecular dynamics