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Exosomes as a promising diagnostic tool in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma?

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2020年第1期6卷 483-491页

作者： Kristina Pastor Laura Benecke laurent Muller Department of Biomedicine University of Basel and Department of OtorhinolaryngologyHead and Neck SurgeryUniversity Hospital of BaselBasel4031Switzerland

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is the 6th most frequently diagnosed malignancy and accounts for about 5%of all malignancies *** is a lack of biomarkers to monitor the status and progress of the ***,it is of great importance to develop non-invasive diagnostic tools such as exosomes that monitor tumor changes and provide molecular information about the malignancy to identify the metastatic disease earlier and allow better therapeutic ***,we aimed to review whether tumor-derived exosomes can predict disease progression in HNSCC and if and especially how they can be used as a diagnostic tool.

关键词： Exosomes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tumor-derived exosomes liquid biopsy

Microscopic features of colorectal neoplasia in inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第12期20卷 3164-3172页

作者： Aude Bressenot Virginie Cahn Silvio Danese laurent Peyrin-Biroulet Department of pathology University Hospital of Nancy IBD Center Division of GastroenterologyHumanitas Clinical and Research Center Inserm U954 and Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology University Hospital of Nancy

The risk of developing dysplasia leading to colorectal cancer (CRC) is increased in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. The prognosis of CRC may be poorer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) than in those without IBD. Most CRCs, in general, develop from a dysplastic precursor lesion. The interpretation by the pathologist of the biopsy will guide decision making in clinical practice: colonoscopic surveillance or surgical management. This review summarizes features of dysplasia (or intraepithelial neoplasia) with macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. From an endoscopic (gross) point of view, dysplasia may be classified as flat or elevated (raised); from a histological point of view, dysplasia is separated into 3 distinct categories: negative for dysplasia, indefinite for dysplasia, and positive for dysplasia with low- or high-grade dysplasia. The morphologic criteria for dysplasia are based on a combination of cytologic (nuclear and cytoplasmic) and architectural aberrations of the crypt epithelium. Immunohistochemical and molecular markers for dysplasia are reviewed and may help with dysplasia diagnosis, although diagnosis is essentially based on morphological criteria. The clinical, epidemiologic, and pathologic characteristics of IBD-related cancers are, in many aspects, different from those that occur sporadically in the general population. Herein, we summarize macroscopic and microscopic features of IBD-related colorectal carcinoma.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Dysplasia Colorectal cancer Microscopic features

Atomistic material behavior at extreme pressures

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npj Computational Materials 2016年第1期2卷 93-96页

作者： laurent Karim Béland Yuri N Osetsky Roger E Stoller Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA

Computer simulations are routinely performed to model the response of materials to extreme environments,such as neutron(or ion)*** latter involves high-energy collisions from which a recoiling atom creates a so-called atomic displacement *** cascades involve coordinated motion of atoms in the form of supersonic *** shockwaves are characterized by local atomic pressures 415 GPa and interatomic distances o2Å.Similar pressures and interatomic distances are observed in other extreme environment,including short-pulse laser ablation,high-impact ballistic collisions and diamond anvil *** cascade simulations using four different force fields,with initial kinetic energies ranging from 1 to 40 keV,show that there is a direct relationship between these high-pressure states and stable defect *** important shortcoming in the modeling of interatomic interactions at these short distances,which in turn determines final defect production,is brought to light.

关键词： extreme defect latter

Characterization of a 3-Phase a.c. Free Burning Arc Plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2006年第2期8卷 156-163页

作者：夏维东 laurent FULCHERI Jose GONZALEZ-AGUILAR 李辉 Thomas M. GRUENBERGER University of Science" and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China. Centre for Energy Studies Ecole des Mines de Paris Rue Claude Daunesse F-06904 Sophia Antipolis France University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China.

A 3-phase a.c. arc plasma reactor with large volume plasma has been developed for the synthesis of new carbon nano-structures. One of the main characteristics of the plasma system is related to the absence of a fixed neutral point. This gives rise to a rich and complex phenomenology related to instabilities and arc motion since the arcs are ＂burning＂ freely in the gas flow between the three electrodes. This paper is dedicated to the analysis of the behavior of such a system under typical conditions using argon and nitrogen as plasma gases. A classification of are configuration, arc commutating, arc interaction, arc motion and arc instabilities are discussed based on ultra high-speed cine camera analysis. A simple model describing the time evolution of the system is also presented and compared with the experimental measurements. The results show that an adequate control could allow the improvement of the overall system.

关键词： 3-phase AC arc plasma free arc arc motion arc commutating arc instabilities

Meso-Rex bypass for the management of extrahepatic portal vein obstruction in adults(with video)

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第1期21卷 25-32页

作者： Martin Brichard Samuele Iesari Jan Lerut Raymond Reding Pierre Goffette laurent Coubeau Service de Chirurgie et Transplantation Abdominale Cliniques Universitaires Saint-LucUniversitéCatholique de Louvain10 Avenue HippocrateBrussels 1200Belgium Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et CliniqueUniversitéCatholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium Department of Clinical Sciences and Applied Biotechnology University of L’AquilaL’AquilaItaly Department of General Surgery and Kidney Transplantation Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly Service de Radiologie et Imagerie médicale Cliniques Universitaires Saint-LucUniversitéCatholique de LouvainBrusselsBelgium

Background:Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction(EHPVO)results in severe portal hypertension(PHT)leading to severely compromised quality of ***,pharmacological and endoscopic management is unable to solve this *** hepatic portal flow using meso-Rex bypass(MRB)may solve *** procedure,uncommon in adult patients,is considered the treatment of choice for EHPVO in ***:From 1997 to 2018,8 male and 6 female adults,with a median age of 51 years(range 22-66)underwent MRB procedure for EHPVO at the University Hospitals Saint-Luc in Brussels,***-toms of PHT were life altering in all but one patient and consisted of repetitive gastro-intestinal bleedings,sepsis due to portal biliopathy,and/or severe abdominal *** surgical technique consisted in interposition of a free venous graft or of a prosthetic graft between the superior mesenteric vein and the Rex recess of the left portal ***:Median operative time was 500 min(range 300-730).Median follow-up duration was 22 months(range 2-169).One patient died due to hemorrhagic shock following percutaneous transluminal interven-tion for early graft *** morbidity,defined as Clavien-Dindo score≥III,was 35.7%(5/14).Shunt patency at last follow-up was 64.3%(9/14):85.7%(6/7)of pure venous grafts and only 42.9%(3/7)of prosthetic *** relief was achieved in 85.7%(12/14)who became asymptomatic after ***:Adult EHPVO represents a difficult clinical condition that leads to severely compromised quality of life and possible life-threatening *** such patients,MRB represents the only and last resort to restore physiological portal vein *** successful in a majority of patients,this procedure is associated with major morbidity and mortality and should be done in tertiary centers expe-rienced with vascular liver surgery to get the best results.

关键词： Meso-Rex bypass Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction Extrahepatic portal hypertension Portal vein thrombosis Surgical procedure

Detection and Attribution of Changes in Summer Compound Hot and Dry Events over Northeastern China with CMIP6 Models

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第1期36卷 37-48页

作者： Wei LI Zhihong JIANG laurent ZXLI Jing-Jia LUO Panmao ZHAI Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Laboratory of Severe Weather Fujian Institute of Meteorological SciencesFuzhou 350001China Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueSorbonne UniversitéEcole Normale SupérieureEcole PolytechniqueParis 75252France State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Northeastern China has experienced a significant increase in summer compound hot and dry events(CHDEs),posing a threat to local agricultural production and sustainable *** study investigates the detectable anthropogenic signal in the long-term trend of CHDE and quantifies the contribution of different external forcings.A probability-based index(PI)is constructed through the joint probability distribution to measure the severity of CHDE,with lower values representing more severe *** of CHDE to external forcing was assessed with simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6(CMIP6).The results show a significant increase in the severity of CHDE over northeastern China during the past *** trend of regional averaged PI is-0.28(90%confidence interval:-0.43 to-0.13)per 54 yr and it is well reproduced in the historical forcing *** attribution method of optimal fingerprinting was firstly applied to a two-signal configuration with anthropogenic forcing and natural forcing;the anthropogenic impact was robustly detected and it explains most of the observed trend of ***,three-signal analysis further demonstrated that the anthropogenic greenhouse gases dominantly contribute to the observed change,while the anthropogenic aerosol and natural forcing have almost no contribution to the observed *** a compound event concurrently exceeding the 95 th percentile of surface air temperature and precipitation reversal in the current period,its likelihood exhibits little change at 1.5℃global warming,but almost doubled at 2.0℃global warming.

关键词： compound hot and dry event(CHDE) detection and attribution northeastern China future projection

Does CMIP6 Inspire More Confidence in Simulating Climate Extremes over China?

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第10期37卷 1119-1132页

作者： Huanhuan ZHU Zhihong JIANG Juan LI Wei LI Cenxiao SUN and laurent LI Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisasterNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisasterNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique CNRSSorbonne UniversitéEcole Normale SupérieureEcole PolytechniqueParis 75005France

Based on climate extreme indices calculated from a high-resolution daily observational dataset in China during 1961–2005,the performance of 12 climate models from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6),and 30 models from phase 5 of CMIP(CMIP5),are assessed in terms of spatial distribution and interannual *** CMIP6 multi-model ensemble mean(CMIP6-MME)can simulate well the spatial pattern of annual mean temperature,maximum daily maximum temperature,and minimum daily minimum ***,CMIP6-MME has difficulties in reproducing cold nights and warm days,and has large cold biases over the Tibetan *** performance in simulating extreme precipitation indices is generally lower than in simulating temperature *** to CMIP5,CMIP6 models show improvements in the simulation of climate indices over *** is particularly true for precipitation indices for both the climatological pattern and the interannual variation,except for the consecutive dry *** arealmean bias for total precipitation has been reduced from 127%(CMIP5-MME)to 79%(CMIP6-MME).The most striking feature is that the dry biases in southern China,very persistent and general in CMIP5-MME,are largely reduced in *** ascent together with more abundant moisture can explain this reduction in dry *** biases for total precipitation,heavy precipitation,and precipitation intensity in the eastern Tibetan Plateau are still present in CMIP6-MME,but smaller,compared to CMIP5-MME.

关键词： CMIP6 CMIP5 intercomparison climate extremes

Influence of bed elevation discordance on flow patterns and head losses in an open-channel confluence

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Water Science and Engineering 2019年第3期12卷 235-243页

作者： Pedro Xavier Ramos laurent Schindfessel Joao Pedro Pego Tom De Mulder Department of Civil Engineering Ghent University Ghent 9000 Belgium Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Porto 4200-465 Portugal

Confluences play a major role in the dynamics of networks of natural and man-made open channels, and field measurements on river confluences reveal that discordance in bed elevation is *** of schematized confluences with a step at the interface between the tributary and the main channel bed reveal that bed elevation discordance is an important additional control for the confluence *** study aimed to improve understanding of the influence of bed elevation discordance on the flow patterns and head losses in a right-angled confluence of an open channel with rectangular cross-sections.A large eddy simulation (LES)-based numerical model was set up and validated with experiments by *** configurations with different bed discordance ratios were *** results confirm that, with increasing bed elevation discordance, the tributary streamlines at the confluence interface deviate less from the geometrical confluence angle, the extent of the recirculation zone (RZ) gets smaller, the ratio of the water depth upstream to that downstream of the confluence decreases, and the water level depression *** bed elevation discordance also leads to the development of a large-scale structure in the lee of the *** the appearance of the large-scale structure, the reduced extent of the RZ and associated changes in flow deflection/contraction reduce total head losses experienced by the main channel with an increase of the bed discordance *** turns out that bed elevation discordance converts the lateral momentum from the tributary to streamwise momentum in the main channel more efficiently.

关键词： Open channel confluence Bed elevation discordance Three-dimensional numerical modelling Large eddy simulation Recirculation zone

Integration of multiple flexible electrodes for realtime detection of barrier formation with spatial resolution in a gut-on-chip system

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 105-114页

作者： Mara Lucchetti Gabriel Werr Sofia Johansson laurent Barbe Léa Grandmougin Paul Wilmes Maria Tenje Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine(LCSB) University of LuxembourgEsch-sur-Alzette L-4362Luxembourg Division of Biomedical Engineering Department of Materials Science and EngineeringScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala University75121 UppsalaSweden Department of Life Sciences and Medicine Faculty of ScienceTechnology and MedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch-sur-Alzette L-4362Luxembourg

In healthy individuals,the intestinal epithelium forms a tight barrier to prevent gut bacteria from reaching blood *** study the effect of probiotics,dietary compounds and drugs on gut barrier formation and disruption,human gut epithelial and bacterial cells can be cocultured in an in vitro model called the human microbial crosstalk(HuMiX)gut-on-a-chip ***,we present the design,fabrication and integration of thin-film electrodes into the HuMiX platform to measure transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER)as a direct readout on barrier tightness in *** various aspects of the HuMiX platform have already been set in their design,such as multiple compressible layers,uneven surfaces and nontransparent materials,a novel fabrication method was developed whereby thin-film metal electrodes were first deposited on flexible substrates and sequentially integrated with the HuMiX system via a transfer-tape ***,to measure localized TEER along the cell culture chamber,we integrated multiple electrodes that were connected to an impedance analyzer via a *** further developed a dynamic normalization method because the active measurement area depends on the measured TEER *** fabrication process and system setup can be applicable to other barrier-on-chip *** a proof-of-concept,we measured the barrier formation of a cancerous Caco-2 cell line in real-time,which was mapped at four spatially separated positions along the HuMiX culture area.

关键词： barrier system multiple