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Recent updates on nano-phyto-formulations based therapeutic intervention for cancer treatment

Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 19-47页

作者： ABHIsHEK WAHI MAMTA BIsHNOI NEHA RAINA meghna amrita s.ngh PIYUsH VERMA PIYUsH KUMAR GUPTA GINPREET KAUR HARDEEP s.ngh TULI MADHU GUPTA Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmaceutical SciencesDelhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University(DPSRU)Pushp ViharNew Delhi110017India Department of Pharmaceutical sciences Gurugram UniversityHaryana122003India Department of Life sciences Sharda School of Basic Sciences and ResearchSharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar Pradesh201310India Department of Biotechnology Graphic Era(Deemed to be University)DehradunUttarakhand248002India Department of Pharmacology Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy&Technology ManagementSVKM’s NMIMSVile Parle(West)Mumbai400056India Department of Bio-sciences and Technology Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering CollegeMaharishi Markandeshwar(Deemed to be University)MullanaAmbala133207India

Cancer is a leading cause of death globally,with limited treatment options and several *** agents often result in toxicity which long-term conventional *** are natural constituents that are more effective in treating various diseases with less toxicity than the chemotherapeutic agents providing alternative therapeutic approaches to minimize the *** phytoconstituents act in several ways and deliver optimum effectiveness against ***,the effectiveness of phyto-formulations in the management of cancers may be constrained due to challenges related to inadequate solubility,bioavailability,and *** presents a promising avenue for transforming current cancer treatment methods through the incorporation of phytochemicals into nanosystems,which possess a range of advantageous characteristics such as biocompatibility,targeted and sustained release capabilities,and enhanced protective *** holds significant potential for future advancements in cancer ***,this review aims to provide intensive literature on diverse nanocarriers,highlighting their applications as cargos for phytocompounds in ***,it offers an overview of the current advancements in the respective field,emphasizing the characteristics that contribute to favourable outcomes in both in vitro and in vivo ***,clinical development and regulatory concerns are also discussed to check on the transformation of the concept as a promising strategy for combination therapy of phytochemicals and chemotherapeutics that could lead to cancer management in the future.

关键词： Phyto-formulations Cancer Nanocarriers Nanotechnology Clinical development

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Characterization and Propagation of Historical and Projected Droughts in the Umatilla River Basin, Oregon, UsA

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2024年第2期41卷 247-262,I0020-I0028页

作者： sudip GAUTAM Alok sAMANTARAY meghna BABBAR-sEBENs Meenu RAMADAs school of Civil and Construction Engineering Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA school of Infrastructure Indian Institute of TechnologyBhubaneswarOdisha 752050India

Climate change is expected to have long-term impacts on drought and wildfire risks in Oregon as summers continue to become warmer and drier. This paper investigates the projected changes in drought characteristics and drought propagation in the Umatilla River Basin in northeastern Oregon for mid-century(2030–2059) and late-century(2070–2099) climate scenarios. Drought characteristics for projected climates were determined using downscaled CMIP5 climate datasets from ten climate models and soil and Water Assessment Tool to simulate effects on hydrologic processes. short-term(three months) drought characteristics(frequency, duration, and severity) were analyzed using four drought indices, including the standardized Precipitation Index(sPI-3), standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index(sPEI-3), standardized streamflow Index(ssI-3), and the standardized soil Moisture Index(ssMI-3). Results indicate that short-term meteorological droughts are projected to become more prevalent, with up to a 20% increase in the frequency of sPI-3drought events. short-term hydrological droughts are projected to become more frequent(average increase of 11% in frequency of ssI-3 drought events), more severe, and longer in duration(average increase of 8% for short-term droughts).similarly, short-term agricultural droughts are projected to become more frequent(average increase of 28% in frequency of ssMI-3 drought events) but slightly shorter in duration(average decrease of 4%) in the future. Historically, drought propagation time from meteorological to hydrological drought is shorter than from meteorological to agricultural drought in most sub-basins. For the projected climate scenarios, the decrease in drought propagation time will likely stress the timing and capacity of water supply in the basin for irrigation and other uses.

关键词： Umatilla drought sPI sPEI ssI ssMI

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Increased susceptibility of aging gastric mucosa to injury and delayed healing:Clinical implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第42期24卷 4721-4727页

作者： Andrzej s Tarnawski amrita Ahluwalia Department of Gastroenterology Research University of California Irvine and the Veterans Administration Long Beach Healthcare System

In this editorial we comment on the article by Fukushi K et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018; 24(34): 3908-3918. We focus specifically on the mechanisms of the anti-thrombotic action of aspirin, gastric mucosal injury and aging-related increased susceptibility of gastric mucosa to injury. Aspirin is widely used not only for the management of acute and chronic pain and arthritis, but also importantly for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarcts and strokes. Clinical trials have consistently shown that antiplatelet therapy with long term, low dose aspirin(LDA)-75 to 325 mg daily, dramatically reduces the risk of non-fatal myocardial infarcts, stroke and mortality in patients with established arterial diseases. However, such treatment considerably increases the risk of gastrointestinal(GI) ulcerations and serious bleeding by > 2-4 fold, especially in aging individuals. This risk is further increased in patients using LDA together with other antiplatelet agents, other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents(NsAIDs) and/or alcohol, or in patients with Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection. Previous studies by our group and others have demonstrated prominent structural and functional abnormalities in gastric mucosa of aging individuals(which we refer to as aging gastric mucosa or "aging gastropathy") compared to the gastric mucosa of younger individuals. Aging gastric mucosa has impaired mucosal defense, increased susceptibility to injury by a variety of noxious agents such as aspirin, other NsAIDs and ethanol, and delayed and impaired healing of injury. The mechanism underlying these abnormalities of aging gastric mucosa include reduced mucosal blood flowcausing hypoxia, upregulation of PTEN, activation of proapoptotic caspase-3 and caspase-9, and reduced survivin(anti-apoptosis protein), importin-α(nuclear transport protein), vascular endothelial growth factor, and nerve grow

关键词： Aging gastric mucosa Injury Low dose aspirin Platelets Cyclooxygenase-1 Cyclooxygenase-2 Thromboxane A-2

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Endothelial cells and blood vessels are major targets for COVID-19-induced tissue injury and spreading to various organs

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第3期28卷 275-289页

作者： Andrzej s Tarnawski amrita Ahluwalia Gastroenterology Research Department University of California Irvine and the Veterans Administration Long Beach Healthcare SystemLong BeachCA 90822United States Research service Veterans Administration Long Beach Healthcare SystemLong BeachCA 90822United States

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infected so far over 250 million people and caused the death of over 5 million ***,diabetes,and cardiovascular diseases,conditions with preexisting impaired endothelial functions predispose to *** respiratory epithelium is the main route of virus entry,the endothelial cells(ECs)lining pulmonary blood vessels are also an integral part of lung injury in COVID-19 ***-19 not only affects the lungs and respiratory system but also gastrointestinal(GI)tract,liver,pancreas,kidneys,heart,brain,and *** vessels are likely conduits for the virus dissemination to these distant ***,ECs are also critical for vascular regeneration during injury/lesions healing and restoration of vascular *** World Journal of Gastroenterology has published in last two years over 67 outstanding papers on COVID-19 infection with a focus on the GI tract,liver,pancreas,etc.,however,the role of the endothelial and vascular components as major targets for COVID-19-induced tissue injury,spreading to various organs,and injury healing have not been sufficiently *** the present article,we focus on these subjects and on current treatments including the most recent oral drugs molnupiravir and paxlovid that show a dramatic,significant efficacy in controlling severe COVID-19 infection.

关键词： Endothelial cells Impaired endothelial function Blood vessels sARs-CoV-2 COVID-19 Cytokine storm

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Rock-like behavior of biocemented sand treated under non-sterile environment and various treatment conditions

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第3期13卷 705-716页

作者： meghna sharma Neelima satyam Krishna RReddy Discipline of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology IndoreIndore453552India Department of Civil Materialsand Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA

Microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP)is a recently developed technique for microbiological ground improvement that has been applied for mitigating various geotechnical ***,the major challenges,such as calcite precipitation uniformity,presence of different bacteria,cementation solution optimization for cost reduction,and implementation under non-sterile and uncontrolled field environment are still not fully explored and require detailed investigation before field *** study aims to address these challenges of MICP to improve the geotechnical properties of sandy *** series of experiments were conducted using poorly graded Narmada River(India)sand,which were subjected to various biotreatment schemes and tested for unconfined compressive strength(UCs),split tensile strength(sTs),ultrasonic pulse velocity(UPV),hydraulic conductivity(after 6 d,12 d,and 18 d of treatment),and calcite *** microstructure of sand was examined through a scanning electron microscope(sEM).Initially,the sand was individually augmented with two non-pathogenic bacterial strains,***(s.)pasteurii and Bacillus(B.)*** stopped-flow injection method was adopted to provide cementation solutions at three different durations(treatment cycle)of 12 h,24 h,and 48 h and three different pore volumes(PVs)of 1,0.75,and *** pore volume here refers to the porosity which is expressed as a ratio,i.e.a porosity of 50%was used as *** results showed rock-like behaviors of biocemented sand with the UCs,sTs,and UPV enhancement up to 2333 kPa,437 kPa,and 2670 m/s,*** hydraulic conductivity reduction of 96.6%was achieved by 12%of calcite formation after 18 d of treatment using sporosarcina pasteurii,12-h treatment cycle,and one pore volume of cementation media in each ***,a 24-h treatment cycle and 0.5-pore volume cementation solution were found to be the optimal treatment which was effective and economical to achiev

关键词： Bacteria Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) soil stabilization Microstructure Calcite content

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Increased susceptibility of aging gastric mucosa to injury:The mechanisms and clinical implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第16期20卷 4467-4482页

作者： Andrzej s Tarnawski amrita Ahluwalia Michael K Jones University of California Irvine and the Veterans Administration Long Beach Healthcare system 5901 E. 7~(th) StreetLong BeachCA 90822-5201United States

This review updates the current views on aging gastric mucosa and the mechanisms of its increased susceptibility to injury. Experimental and clinical studies indicate that gastric mucosa of aging individuals-“aging gastropathy”-has prominent structural and functional abnormalities vs young gastric mucosa. some of these abnormalities include a partial atrophy of gastric glands, impaired mucosal defense (reduced bicarbonate and prostaglandin generation, decreased sensory innervation), increased susceptibility to injury by a variety of damaging agents such as ethanol, aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NsAIDs), impaired healing of injury and reduced therapeutic efficacy of ulcer-healing drugs. Detailed analysis of the above changes indicates that the following events occur in aging gastric mucosa: reduced mucosal blood flow and impaired oxygen delivery cause hypoxia, which leads to activation of the early growth response-1 (egr-1) transcription factor. Activation of egr-1, in turn, upregulates the dual specificity phosphatase, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) resulting in activation of pro-apoptotic caspase-3 and caspase-9 and reduced expression of the anti-apoptosis protein, survivin. The imbalance between pro- and anti-apoptosis mediators results in increased apoptosis and increased susceptibility to injury. This paradigm has human relevance since increased expression of PTEN and reduced expression of survivin were demonstrated in gastric mucosa of aging individuals. Other potential mechanisms operating in aging gastric mucosa include reduced telomerase activity, increase in replicative cellular senescence, and reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and importin-α-a nuclear transport protein essential for transport of transcription factors to nucleus. Aging gastropathy is an important and clinically relevant issue because of: (1) an aging world population due to prolonged

关键词： Aging gastric mucosa Injury Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten-PTEN survivin Apoptosis Hypoxia

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Emission colour tuning in KLnF_(4):Yb^(3+),Er^(3+)/Ho^(3+)phosphor

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 57-65,I0002页

作者： Janani K Gayathri E Vijayatha V Ramasubramanian s Thiyagarajan P Department of science and Humanities Nehru Institute of TechnologyKaliapuramThirumalayampalayamCoimbatoreIndia Department of sciences Amrita School of Physical SciencesAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamCoimbatoreIndia Department of Physics Anna UniversityChennaiIndia

KLnF_(4):Yb^(3+),Er^(3+)/Ho^(3+)(Ln=Y,Yb,Gd)phosphors were prepared by solid-state reaction *** each of the Yb^(3+)/Er^(3+)and Yb^(3+)/Ho^(3+)co-doped phosphors independently,phase confirmation and morphological examination were accomplished using the X-ray diffraction technique and scanning electron microscope analysis.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis shows the charge state and existence of lanthanides and *** luminescence emissions of green and red colour were detected for the synthesized *** changes in the upconverted emission intensities and colour output pertaining to the change of the lanthanide host matrix along with dopants were investigated for the prepared *** the upconversion luminescence,erbium-doped samples exhibit a predominance of red emission while holmium-doped samples display a prevalence of green *** rare-earth Er/Ho doped KYbF4shows strong red emission compared to other ***_(4):Yb,Er/Ho exhibits relatively significant green upconve rsion emissions,while Yb,Er-doped KGdF_(4)host displays a 10-fold increase in green/red emission ratio with an increase in the input power of 20-780 *** photoluminescence studies and decay curve analysis were carried out using UV light excitation for the developed phosphors.A higher lifetime of 2.2 ms was measured for the downshifting red emission in the Ho doped KYbF_(4)*** study suggests a potential for colour tunability in the upconversion and downshifting emissions through host modifications to the fluoride phosphor.

关键词： Rare earths Energy transfer upconversion Downshifting Colour coordinates

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A review on transition metal oxides based photocatalysts for degradation of synthetic organic pollutants

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第5期139卷 389-417页

作者： Athira Krishnan Anna swarnalal Divine Das Midhina Krishnan Viswanathan s.saji sMAshibli Department of Chemistry Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamAmritapuriKerala690525India Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry University of KeralaKariavattom CampusThiruvananthapuramKerala695581India

This review provides insight into the current research trend in transition metal oxides(TMOs)-based photocatalysis in removing the organic colouring matters from *** easy understanding,the research progress has been presented in four generations according to the catalyst composition and mode of application,viz:single component TMOs(the firstgeneration),doped TMOs/binary TMOs/doped binary TMOs(the second-generation),inactive/active support-immobilized TMOs(the third-generation),and ternary/quaternary compositions(the fourth-generation).The first two generations represent suspended catalysts,the third generation is supported catalysts,and the fourth generation can be suspended or *** review provides an elaborated comparison between suspended and supported catalysts,their general/specific requirements,key factors controlling degradation,and the methodologies for performance *** the plausible fundamental and advanced dye degradation mechanisms involved in each generation of catalysts were *** existing challenges in TMOs-based photocatalysis and how the researchers approach the hitch to resolve it effectively are *** research trends are also presented.

关键词： Photocatalysis Dye degradation Transition metal oxides and composites supported catalysts suspended catalysts

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Experimental study on mitigating wind erosion of calcareous desert sand using spray method for microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第5期14卷 1556-1567页

作者： Monika Dagliya Neelima satyam meghna sharma Ankit Garg Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology IndoreIndoreIndia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Shantou UniversityShantouChina L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University Nur-SultanKazakhstan

Wind erosion is one of the significant natural calamities worldwide, which degrades around one-third of global land. The eroded and suspended soil particles in the environment may cause health hazards, *** and respiratory diseases, due to the presence of harmful contaminants, bacteria, and *** present study evaluates the feasibility of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation(MICP)technique to mitigate wind-induced erosion of calcareous desert sand(Thar desert of Rajasthan province in India). The temperature during biotreatment was kept at 36℃ to stimulate the average temperature of the Thar desert. The spray method was used for bioaugmentation of sporosarcina(s.) pasteurii and further treatment using chemical solutions. The chemical solution of 0.25 pore volume was sprayed continuously up to 5 d, 10 d, 15 d, and 20 d, using two different concentration ratios of urea and calcium chloride dihydrate viz 2:1 and 1:1. The biotreated samples were subjected to erosion testing(in the wind tunnel) at different wind speeds of 10 m/s, 20 m/s, and 30 m/s. The unconfined compressive strength of the biocemented crust was measured using a pocket penetrometer. The variation in calcite precipitation and microstructure(including the presence of crystalline minerals) of untreated as well as biotreated sand samples were determined through calcimeter, scanning electron microscope(sEM), and energydispersive X-ray spectroscope(EDX). The results demonstrated that the erosion of untreated sand increases with an increase in wind speeds. When compared to untreated sand, a lower erosion was observed in all biocemented sand samples, irrespective of treatment condition and wind speed. It was observed that the sample treated with 1:1 cementation solution for up to 5 d, was found to effectively resist erosion at a wind speed of 10 m/s. Moreover, a significant erosion resistance was ascertained in15 d and 20 d treated samples at higher wind speeds. The calcite content

关键词： Control wind erosion Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation(MICP) surface strength Wind tunnel Calcite precipitation

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strain induced changes in performance of strained-si/strained-si1-yGey/relaxed-si1-xGex MOsFETs and circuits for digital applications

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Journal of Central south University 2017年第6期24卷 1233-1244页

作者： Kumar subindu Kumari amrita Das Mukul K Department of Electronics Engineering Indian School of MinesDhanbad 826004India

Growing a silicon(si) layer on top of stacked si-germanium(Ge) compressive layer can introduce a tensile strain on the former, resulting in superior device characteristics. such a structure can be used for high performance complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOs) circuits. Down scaling metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors(MOsFETs) into the deep submicron/nanometer regime forces the source(s) and drain(D) series resistance to become comparable with the channel resistance and thus it cannot be neglected. Owing to the persisting technological importance of strained si devices, in this work, we propose a multi-iterative technique for evaluating the performance of strained-si/strained-si_(1-y)Ge_y/relaxed-si_(1-x)Ge_x MOsFETs and its related circuits in the presence of s/D series resistance, leading to the development of a simulator that can faithfully plot the performance of the device and related digital circuits. The impact of strain on device/circuit performance is also investigated with emphasis on metal gate and high-k dielectric materials.

关键词： complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOs) high-k dielectric material inverter metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOsFETs) siGe series resistance strain

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