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Effect of Jiuwei Zhuhuang Powder on Cough Resolution in Children with Upper Respiratory Tract Infections:A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第5期28卷 387-393页

作者： LUO Hui SONG Gui-Hua ma xiao-jian SUN Meng-meng ZHANG man XIE jian-rong PENG Shao Institute for Tibetan Medicine China Tibetology Research CenterBeijing(100101)China Department of Pediatrics the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou(450000)China Department of Pediatrics Huaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhou(450000)China Department of Pediatrics the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou(475000)China School of Statistics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing(100872)China

Objective:To assess the effectiveness of Jiuwei Zhuhuang Powder(JWZH),a Tibetan patent medicine in treating upper respiratory tract infection(URTI)associated cough in children.Methods:The study was a multicenter,randomized,open-label,controlled trial.A total of 142 children aged 2 to 14 years old,with URTIassociated cough within 48 h of onset,were randomly assigned to two groups at a 1:1 ratio by computer-generated randomization sequence.Children were treated with JWZH(1 to 1.5 g,twice to thrice daily)in the treatment group or conventional treatment(Pediatric Paracetamol,Artificial Cow-bezoar and Chlorphenamine maleate Granules,0.25 to 1 g,thrice daily)in the control group for 5 days.The primary endpoints were the time to cough resolution and 4-day cough resolution rate.The secondary endpoints were the daily improvement in symptom scores and cough resolution rate during the study period.Results:A total of 138 children were included in the intention-to-treat analysis,with 71 cases in the treatment group and 67 cases in the control group.Compared with the conventional treatment,the children receiving JWZH had a shorter time to cough resolution[hazard ratio,2.10;95%confidence interval(CI),1.29-3.40;P=0.003].The median time to cough resolution for children receiving JWZH was shorter than that of the conventional treatment(2 days vs.3 days;P0.05).Adverse events was reported in 5.6%(4/71)and 4.5%(3/67)in participants of JWZH and PPACCM groups(P>0.05),respectively,which were all mild and resolved without treatment.Conclusion:JWZH seemed to be a safe and effective therapy for URTI-associated cough in children.(Trial registration No.Chi CTR2000039421)

关键词： child cough upper respiratory tract infection Jiuwei Zhuhuang Powder randomized controlled trial Tibetan medicine

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THE EFFECT OF WAVE GROUPINESS ON A MOORED SHIP STUDIED BY NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2011年第2期23卷 145-153页

作者： ma xiao-jian SUN Zhao-chen ZHANG Zhi-ming YANG Guo-ping ZHOU Feng State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China China Communications Planning and Design Institute for Water Transportation Beijing 100007 China

Waves with the same wave parameters, such as significant wave height and period, but with different wave groupiness factors are simulated, to study the motion behavior of a moored ship under the action of waves with different Groupiness Factors of Height （GFH） and Group Length Factors （GLF）. The numerical results show that both the sway and heave motions increase with an increase in GFH. In contrast, the influence of GLF on the motions of a moored ship is weak.

关键词： wave groupiness moored ship Groupiness Factors of Height （GFH） Group Length Factors （GLF）

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Biomineralization and mineralization using microfluidics:A comparison study

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第2期16卷 661-669页

作者： Yang xiao Xiang He Guoliang ma Chang Zhao jian Chu Hanlong Liu Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area Chongqing UniversityChongqing400045China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing400045China School of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400045China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore

Biomineralization through microbial process has attracted great attention in the field of geotechnical engineering due to its ability to bind granular materials,clog pores,and seal fractures.Although minerals formed by biomineralization are generally the same as that by mineralization,their mechanical behaviors show a significant discrepancy.This study aims to figure out the differences between biomineralization and mineralization processes by visualizing and tracking the formation of minerals using microfluidics.Both biomineralization and mineralization processes occurred in the Y-shaped sandcontaining microchip that mimics the underground sand layers.Images from different areas in the reaction microchannel of microchips were captured to directly compare the distribution of minerals.Crystal size and numbers from different reaction times were measured to quantify the differences between biomineralization and mineralization processes in terms of crystal kinetics.Results showed that the crystals were precipitated in a faster and more uncontrollable manner in the mineralization process than that in the biomineralization process,given that those two processes presented similar precipitation stages.In addition,a more heterogeneous distribution of crystals was observed during the biomineralization process.The precipitation behaviors were further explained by the classical nucleation crystal growth theory.The present microfluidic tests could advance the understanding of biomineralization and provide new insight into the optimization of biocementation technology.

关键词： Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) Biocementation Crystal Calcium carbonate Nucleation

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Tuning Surface Molecular Design of Porous Carbon for Blue Energy Harvesting

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 651-662页

作者： jian Yu Zhong-Lin Wang Tianwei ma Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Hawaii at MānoaHonoluluHI 96822USA Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China College of Engineering Texas A&M University-Corpus ChristiCorpus ChristiTX 78412USA

Capacitive mixing is a promising blue energy technology due to its membrane-free electricity generation and long electrode life cycle.However,because of limited performance,existing systems do not lend themselves to practical implementation.Although it is a crucial factor directly influencing electrode behavior,surface chemistry has largely been overlooked in capacitive mixing.Here,we show that manipulating surface functionalization alone can tune the responses of electrodes to produce a high voltage rise without altering the pore structure of the electrodes.Our findings reveal that the spontaneous electrode potential of a surface-modified carbon electrode shifts negatively proportional to the surface charge due to the surface groups,which explains why and how manipulating the surface chemistry can improve the power generation capacity.

关键词： electrode Porous mixing

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Neuronomodulation of Excitable Neurons

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第1期40卷 103-112页

作者： Yizhang Chen Lin xiao jian Qiu Institute of Neuroscience Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of BrainCognition and Education Sciences of Ministry of EducationSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239USA

Neuronomodulation refers to the modulation of neural conduction and synaptic transmission(i.e.,the conduction process involved in synaptic transmission)of excitable neurons via changes in the membrane potential in response to chemical substances,from spillover neuro-transmitters to paracrine or endocrine hormones circulating in the blood.Neuronomodulation can be direct or indirect,depending on the transduction pathways from the ligand binding site to the ion pore,either on the same molecule,i.***.the ion channel,or through an intermediate step on different molecules.The major players in direct neurono-modulation are ligand-gated or voltage-gated ion channels.The key process of direct neuronomodulation is the binding and chemoactivation of ligand-gated or voltage-gated ion channels,either orthosterically or allosterically,by various ligands.Indirect neuronomodulation involves metabotropic receptor-mediated slow potentials,where steroid hormones,cytokines,and chemokines can implement these actions.Elucidating neuronomodulation is of great significance for understanding the physiological mechanisms of brain function,and the occurrence and treatment of diseases.

关键词： Neuron Membrane potential Excitability Chemoactivation Neuronomodulation

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S-(1,3-Dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate (SDDP): A practical electrophilic reagent for the phosphorothiolation of electron-rich compounds

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 151-154页

作者： Ze-Yuan ma Mei xiao Cheng-Kun Li Adedamola Shoberu jian-Ping Zou Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of jiangsu Province College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

An efficient synthesis of the electrophilic reagent,S-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate(SDDP)is described.Moreover,the synthetic applications of SDDP wherein the transfer of the SP(O)(OEt)_(2) moiety occurs were investigated.In this manner,SDDP underwent facile SP(O)(OEt)_(2) transfer with electron-rich substrates such as ketones,indoles,and thiols to formα-phosphorothiolated ketones,3-phosphorothiolated indoles and S-phosphorothiolated thioethers,respectively.

关键词： Electrophilic reagent Phosphorothiolation Electrophilic substitution

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Control of fine particulate nitrate during severe winter haze in“2+26”cities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 261-269页

作者： Chuang Qin xiao Fu Tao Wang jian Gao Jiaqi Wang Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 99907China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 10084China

The“2+26”cities,suffering the most severe winter haze pollution,have been the key region for air quality improvement in China.Increasing prominent nitrate pollution is one of the most challenging environmental issues in this region,necessitating development of an effective control strategy.Herein,we use observations,and state-of-the-art model simulations with scenario analysis and process analysis to quantify the effectiveness of the future SO_(2)-NO_(X)-VOC-NH_(3) emission control on nitrate pollution mitigation in“2+26”cities.Focusing on a serious winter haze episode,we find that limited NO_(X)emission reduction alone in the short-term period is a less effective choice than VOC or NH_3emission reduction alone to decrease nitrate concentrations,due to the accelerated NO_(X)-HNO_(3)conversion by atmospheric oxidants and the enhanced HNO_(3)to NO_(3)^(-)partition by ammonia,although deep NO_(X)emission reduction is essential in the long-term period.The synergistic NH_(3) and VOC emission control is strongly recommended,which can counteract the adverse effects of nonlinear photochemistry and aerosol chemical feedback to decrease nitrate more.Such extra benefits will be reduced if the synergistic NH_(3) and VOC reduction is delayed,and thus reducing emission of multiple precursors is urgently required for the effective control of increasingly severe winter nitrate pollution in“2+26”cities.

关键词： Nitrate Winter haze pollution Emission reduction “2+26”cities

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Efficacy of scraping therapy on blood pressure and sleep quality in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ essential hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 12-21页

作者： Zheng-gang Zhu jian-ru Wang xiao-yan Pan School of Nursing Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina School of Health Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaKubang Kerian 16150KelantanMalaysia Department of Cardiovascular Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina

Background Scraping therapy is widely used in treating stage I and II essential hypertension in China.However,there has been no systematic evaluation of the efficacy of scraping therapy on blood pressure and sleep quality in stage I and II essential hypertension.Search strategy Seven electronic databases(PubMed,Scopus,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,EBSCO,China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data electronic databases)were searched from inception to December 2022.Based on the principle of combining subject words with text words,the search strategy was constructed around search terms for“scraping therapy,”“scraping,”“Guasha,”“Gua sha,”“hypertension,”and“high blood pressure”during the database searches.Inclusion criteria Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included if they recruited patients with stage I and II essential hypertension and included a scraping therapy intervention.The intervention group received antihypertensive drugs and scraping therapy,while the control group only took antihypertensive drugs.Data extraction and analysis Review manager 5.4.0 and STATA 15.1 were used to enter all the relevant outcome variables to conduct the meta-analysis.The quality of the selected RCTs was assessed using the PEDro scale.The sensitivity analysis was carried out by iteratively excluding individual studies and repeating the analysis to determine the stability of the findings and identify any studies with greater influence on the outcome.Subgroup analysis was performed to find the source of heterogeneity.Funnel plots were used to evaluate the publication bias of included studies.Results Nine RCTs including 765 participants were selected.Meta-analysis showed that scraping therapy combined with medication had an advantage over the use of medication alone in lowering systolic blood pressure(mean difference[MD]=?5.09,95%confidence interval[CI]=?6.50 to?3.67,P<0.001)and diastolic blood pressure(MD=?2.66,95%CI=?3.17 to?2.14,P<0.001).Subgroup analysis showed that scraping therapy improved sleep quality in mid

关键词： Scraping therapy Essential hypertension Efficacy Blood pressure Sleep quality Systematic review Meta-analysis

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Enhanced properties of stone coal-based composite phase change materials for thermal energy storage

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2024年第1期31卷 206-215页

作者： Baoshan Xie Huan ma Chuanchang Li jian Chen Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy Electric-Technology of Hunan Province School of Energy and Power EngineeringChangsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Reduction for Power Grid Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114China

Phase change materials (PCMs) can be incorporated with low-cost minerals to synthesize composites for thermal energy storage in building applications.Stone coal (SC) after vanadium extraction treatment shows potential for secondary utilization in composite preparation.We prepared SC-based composite PCMs with SC as a matrix,stearic acid (SA) as a PCM,and expanded graphite (EG) as an additive.The combined roasting and acid leaching treatment of raw SC was conducted to understand the effect of vanadium extraction on promoting loading capacity.Results showed that the combined treatment of roasting at 900℃ and leaching increased the SC loading of the composite by 6.2%by improving the specific surface area.The loading capacity and thermal conductivity of the composite obviously increased by 127%and 48.19%,respectively,due to the contribution of 3wt% EG.These data were supported by the high load of 66.69%and thermal conductivity of 0.59 W·m^(-1)·K-1of the designed composite.The obtained composite exhibited a phase change temperature of 52.17℃,melting latent heat of 121.5 J·g^(-1),and good chemical compatibility.The SC-based composite has prospects in building applications exploiting the secondary utilization of minerals.

关键词： thermal energy storage phase change material stone coal vanadium extraction secondary utilization

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MdbHLH162 connects the gibberellin and jasmonic acid signals to regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in apple

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 265-284页

作者： jian-Ping An Rui-Rui Xu xiao-Na Wang xiao-Wei Zhang Chun-Xiang You Yuepeng Han Apple technology innovation center of Shandong Province College of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai-An 271018China CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture Wuhan Botanical GardenHubei Hongshan LaboratoryThe Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China College of Biology and Oceanography Weifang UniversityWeifang 261061China

Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites induced by environmental stimuli and developmental signals.The positive regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis have been reported,whereas the anthocyanin repressors have been neglected.Although the signal transduction pathways of gibberellin(GA)and jasmonic acid(JA)and their regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis have been investigated,the cross-talk between GA and JA and the antagonistic mechanism of regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis remain to be investigated.In this study,we identified the anthocyanin repressor MdbHLH162 in apple and revealed its molecular mechanism of regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis by integrating the GA and JA signals.MdbHLH162 exerted passive repression by interacting with MdbHLH3 and MdbHLH33,which are two recognized positive regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis.MdbHLH162 negatively regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis by disrupting the formation of the anthocyanin-activated MdMYB1-MdbHLH3/33complexes and weakening transcriptional activation of the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes MdDFR and MdUF3GT by MdbHLH3 and MdbHLH33.The GA repressor MdRGL2a antagonized MdbHLH162-mediated inhibition of anthocyanins by sequestering MdbHLH162 from the MdbHLH162-MdbHLH3/33 complex.The JA repressors MdJAZ1 and MdJAZ2 interfered with the antagonistic regulation of MdbHLH162 by MdRGL2a by titrating the formation of the MdRGL2a-MdbHLH162 complex.Our findings reveal that MdbHLH162 integrates the GA and JA signals to negatively regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis.This study provides new information for discovering more anthocyanin biosynthesis repressors and explores the cross-talk between hormone signals.

关键词： anthocyanin biosynthesis bHLH transcription factor gibberellin jasmonic acid regulatory network transcriptional regulation

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