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Treatment and prevention of epilepsy in onchocerciasis-endemic areas is urgently needed

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 85-89页

作者： robert Colebunders Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo Olivia Kamoen Luis-Jorge Amaral Amber Hadermann Chiara Trevisan mark J.Taylor julia Gauglitz Achim Hoerauf Yasuaki Sato Katja Polman maria-Gloria Basanez Dan Bhwana Thomson Lakwo Gasim Abd-Elfarag Sebastien D.Pion Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Department of Neurology Heilig Hart ZiekenhuisLierBelgium Department of Public Health Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Liverpool School of Tropical medicine LiverpoolUK Department of Computer Science University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Institute of medical microbiology Immunology and ParasitologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany German Center for Infection research(DZIF) Partner Site Bonn-CologneBonnGermany School of Global Humanities and Social Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan mrC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and London Centre for Neglected TropicalDisease research Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK National Institute for medical research TangaTanzania Vector Control Division Ministry of HealthKampalaUganda School of Public Health University of JubaJubaSouth Sudan Access for Humanity JubaSouth Sudan French National research Institute for Sustainable Development MontpellierFrance

Background There is increasing epidemiological evidence supporting the association between onchocerciasis and seizures, reinforcing the concept of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the new knowledge about OAE and to propose recommendations to the World Health Organization how to address this public health *** text During the 2nd International Workshop on OAE held on 19-21 September, 2023, in Antwerp, Belgium, participants recognised OAE as a substantial yet neglected public health problem, particularly in areas of sub-Saharan Africa where onchocerciasis remains hyperendemic. Evidence from prospective population-based studies suggest that strengthening onchocerciasis elimination efforts leads to a significant reduction of OAE incidence. There is a need to validate an OAE case definition to estimate the burden of disease and identify onchocerciasis-endemic areas requiring intensification of onchocerciasis elimination programmes and integration of epilepsy care. It is expected that raising awareness about OAE will boost the population uptake of ivermectin. The implementation of a community-based epilepsy treatment programme offering free anti-seizure medications (ASms) has shown high effectiveness in reducing the frequency of seizures and improving the overall quality of life of people with *** To reduce OAE burden, enhanced collaboration between onchocerciasis and mental health programmes at community, national, and international levels is required. Urgent efforts are needed to ensure the uninterrupted provision of free ASms in onchocerciasis-endemic areas. Furthermore, OAE should be included in the quantification of the onchocerciasis disease burden.

关键词： Onchocerciasis morbidity Burden of disease Prevention Ivermectin Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Treatment Children Policy

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Computer-aided sperm analysis： a useful tool to evaluate patient＇s response to varicocelectomy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第4期19卷 449-452页

作者： julia I Ariagno Gabriela r mendeluk maria J Furlan m Sardi P Chenlo Susana m Curi mercedes N Pugliese Herberto E repetto mariano Cohen Clinical Biochemistry Department Male Fertility Laboratory Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemetry University of Buenos Aires Argentina Urology Department "Jose de San Martin" Clinical Hospital University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina (CP1120)

Preoperative and postoperative sperm parameter values from infertile men with varicocele were analyzed by computer-aided sperm analysis （CASA） to assess if sperm characteristics improved after varicocelectomy. Semen samples of men with proven fertility （n = 38） and men with varicocele-related infertility （n = 61） were also analyzed. Conventional semen analysis was performed according to WHO （2010） criteria and a CASA system was employed to assess kinetic parameters and sperm concentration. Seminal parameters values in the fertile group were very far above from those of the patients, either before or after surgery. No significant improvement in the percentage normal sperm morphology （P = 0. 10）, sperm concentration （P = 0.52）, total sperm count （P = 0.76）, subjective motility （%）（P = 0.97） nor kinematics （P = 0.30） was observed after varicocelectomy when all groups were compared. Neither was significant improvement found in percentage normal sperm morphology （P = 0.91）, sperm concentration （P =0. 10）, total sperm count （P = 0.89） or percentage motility （P = 0.77） after varicocelectomy in paired comparisons of preoperative and postoperative data. Analysis of paired samples revealed that the total sperm count （P = 0.01） and most sperm kinetic parameters： curvilinear velocity （P = 0.002）, straight-line velocity （P = 0.0004）, average path velocity （P = 0.0005）, linearity （P = 0.02）, and wobble （P = 0.006） improved after surgery. CASA offers the potential for accurate quantitative assessment of each patient＇s response to varicocelectomy.

关键词： computer-assisted semen analysis male infertility semen analysis varicocele varicocelectomy

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Soil respiration in paludified forests of European russia

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Journal of Forestry research 2020年第5期31卷 1939-1948页

作者： Dmitry Ivanov Fedor Tatarinov julia Kurbatova A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution rAS Leninsky Prospekt 33MoscowRussia 119071 Weizmann Institute of Science Herzl St 23476100 RehovotIsrael

Soil respiration studies in paludified forests of the European part of russia are quite rare in comparison with those of open peat bogs,which make long-term observations in this region highly *** this study,soil CO2 emissions were measured by the close chamber method in different microlandscapes of paludified *** four summer seasons with different environments,soil respiration ranged from 1078 to 248 mg CO2 m^-2 h^-1 in a paludified spruce forest site with coarse woody debris to 659–820 mg CO2 m^-2 h^-1 in a paludified boggy pine *** most intensive soil respiration was observed during the hot summer of 2013 and the lowest in the hot and humid summer of *** total soil CO2 emissions in paludified forests in 2015–2016 were approximately 2000–3000 g CO2 *** the year,the lowest CO2 emission values were observed from November to April(14–84 mg CO2 m^-2 h^-1)and the maximum were in July and August(522–1205 mg CO2 m^-2 h^-1).The contributions of CO2 emissions in the cold November–April period were 6–8.5%.The impacts of temperature on soil respiration were higher(r2=0.45–0.57)than those of groundwater levels(r^2=0.17–0.49).Soil respiration in the paludified spruce forest and in the pine bog generally were higher than emissions from ecosystems with similar hydrothermal conditions in the boreal zone.

关键词： Carbon flux Chamber measurements CO2 emission Peatlands Southern taiga

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Do ankle braces provide similar effects on ankle biomechanical variables in subjects with and without chronic ankle instability during landing?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2012年第2期1卷 114-120页

作者： Songning Zhang michael Wortley julia Freedman Silvernail Daniel Carson maxime r.Paquette Biomechanics/Sports medicine Laboratory Department of KinesiologyRecreation and Sport StudiesThe University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37934.USA Pellissippi State Community College KnoxvilleTN 37933USA Department of Kinesiology University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA Biomechanics/Sports medicine Laboratory Department of KinesiologyRecreation and Sport StudiesThe University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37934USA

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to examine effects of a sport version of a semi-rigid ankle brace (ElementTm) and a soft ankle brace (ASO) on ankle biomechanics and ground reaction forces (GrFs) during a drop landing activity in subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI)compared to healthy subjects with no history of ***:Ten healthy subjects and 10 subjects who had multiple ankle sprains participated in the study as the control and unstable subjects,*** CAI subjects were age,body mass index and gender matched with the control *** arch index and ankle functions of the subjects were measured in a subject screening *** the biomechanical test session,participants performed five trials of drop landing from 0.6 m,wearing no brace ( NB),ElementTm brace and ASO *** recording of three-dimensional kinematic (240 Hz)and GrF (1200 Hz) data were ***:The CAI subjects had lower ankle functional survey *** arch index and deformity results showed greater arch deformity of ElementTm against a static load than in NB and ASO due to greater initial arch position held by the *** participants had greater eversion velocity than healthy *** ASO brace reduced the first peak vertical GrF whereas ElementTm increased 2nd peak vertical *** brace reduced eversion range of motion (rOm) and peak eversion velocity compared to NB and *** addition,ElementTm reduced dorsiflexion rOm and increased peak plantarflexion moment compared to NB and ***:results of static arch measurements and dynamic ankle motion suggest that the restrictions offered by both braces are in part due to more dorsiflexed ankle positions at contact,and higher initial arch position and stiffer ankle for ElementTm.

关键词： Drop landing Lateral ankle sprain recurrent ankle sprain Semi-rigid ankle brace Soft ankle brace

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Associations of blood biomarkers with glomerular filtration rate in patients with TIA and stroke: population-based study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第1期6卷 48-56页

作者： Dearbhla m.Kelly Linxin Li Annette I Burgess Deborah L Poole julia m Duerden Peter m.rothwell Wolfson Centre for the Prevention of Stroke and Dementia Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesOxford UniversityOxfordUK

Background and purpose Non-traditional risk factors such as chronic inflammation,oxidative stress and thrombogenic factors are believed to contribute to the excess stroke risk in chronic kidney disease(CKD)by triggering vascular injury and endothelial *** aimed to determine how well a panel of biomarkers representative of these factors would correlate with estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFr)in patients with recent transient ischaemic attack(TIA)or *** also investigated whether eGFr would confound previously reported associations between biomarkers and *** We studied a panel of 16 blood biomarkers related to inflammation,thrombosis,atherogenesis and cardiac or neuronal cell damage in TIA or ischaemic stroke in a population-based study(Oxford Vascular Study).Biomarker levels were log-transformed and correlated with eGFr,adjusted for *** proportional hazard models were used for survival *** Among 1297 patients with TIA or stroke,52.7%(n=684)of patients had CKD(eGFrmL/min/1.73 m^(2)).There was a moderate correlation between log-eGFr and the log-transformed soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor-1(r^(2)=0.21),attenuating with adjustment for age(r^(2)=0.12).There were moderate-to strong correlations with markers of cardiac injury,N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and heart-type fatty acid binding protein(hFABP,r2=0.14 and 0.34,respectively).The strongest correlation after adjustment for age was between hFABP and eGFr(r^(2)=0.20).Adjusting for eGFr did not impact any biomarker associations with *** Correlations between biomarkers related to inflammation and thrombosis with renal dysfunction in the setting of cerebrovascular events were generally modest after adjustment for age,suggesting that putative risk factors such as chronic inflammation or coagulopathy are unlikely to be important stroke mechanisms in patients with CKD.

关键词： inflammation patients mortality

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Behavioural and energetic consequences of competition among three overwintering swan(Cygnus spp.)species

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Avian research 2021年第4期12卷 707-721页

作者： Kevin A.Wood julia L.Newth Geoff m.Hilton Eileen C.rees Wildfowl&Wetlands Trust SlimbridgeGloucestershire GL27BTUnited Kingdom Centre for Ecology and Conservation/Environment and Sustainabil-ity Institute College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeter TR109EZUnited Kingdom Department of Zoology University of CambridgeDowning StreetCambridge CB23EJUnited Kingdom

Background:Winter numbers of the northwest European population of Bewick's Swans(Cygnus columbianus bewickii)declined recently by c.40%.During the same period,numbers of two sympatric and ecologically-similar congeners,the mute Swan(Cygnus olor)and Whooper Swan(Cygnus cygnus)showed increases or *** has been suggested that these opposing population trends could have a causal relationship,as mute and Whooper Swans are larger and competitively dominant to Bewick's Swans in foraging *** so,effects of competition of mute and Whooper Swans on Bewick's Swans should be detectable as measurable impacts on behaviour and ***:Here,we studied the diurnal behaviour and energetics of 1083 focal adults and first-winter juveniles("cygnets")of the three swan species on their winter grounds in eastern *** analysed video recordings to derive time-activity budgets and these,together with estimates of energy gain and expenditure,were analysed to determine whether individual Bewick's Swans altered the time spent on key behaviours when sharing feeding habitat with other swan species,and any consequences for their energy expenditure and net energy ***:All three swan species spent a small proportion of their total time(0.011)on aggressive interactions,and these were predominantly intraspecific(≥0.714).mixed-effects models indicated that sharing feeding habitat with higher densities of mute and Whooper Swans increased the likelihood of engaging in aggression for cygnet Bewick's Swans,but not for *** levels of interspecific competition decreased the time spent by Bewick's Swan cygnets on foraging,whilst adults showed the opposite *** among low densities of conspecifics(m^(2)),individual Bewick's Swans spent more time on vigilance in the presence of higher densities of mute and Whooper Swans,whilst individuals within higher density Bewick's Swan flocks showed the opposite ***,we found no evide

关键词： Avian behaviour Energy expenditure Ethology Interference competition Interspecific interactions Time activity budgets Video observations

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The pleiotropic effects of tissue plasminogen activator in the brain:implications for stroke recovery

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Neural regeneration research 2016年第9期11卷 1401-1402页

作者： julia A.Grummisch Nafisa m.Jadavji Patrice D.Smith Department of Neuroscience Carleton University

Tissue plasminogen activator （tPA） use in the treatment of isch- emic stroke： tPA is a serine protease that catalyzes the breakdown of blood dots. Because of its thrombolytic properties, tPA is used to treat specific types of stroke, including ischemia, but is contra- indicated for treatment of hemorrhagic stroke or head trauma. Although a life saving and powerful ＇dot buster＇, tPA has a short therapeutic window. When administered outside of this prescribed timeframe, research suggests that tPA can produce neurotoxic ef- fects in the brain, due in part to activation of several signalling pro- cesses associated with cell apoptosis, degradation of the extracel- lular matrix, and increase in the permeability of the neurovascular unit （Yepes et al., 2009）. Concerted research has been dedicated to- ward understanding the mechanisms mediating the impact of tPA on the brain, using both in vivo and in vitro animal models.

关键词： The pleiotropic effects of tissue plasminogen activator in the brain PA

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In situ mass spectrometry of autoimmune liver diseases

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2011年第3期8卷 237-242页

作者： Christopher L Bowlus Erin H Seeley Joanna roder julia Grigorieva Heinrich roder richard m Caprioli m Eric Gershwin Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA mass Spectrometry research Center Vanderbilt University School of MedicineNashvilleTNUSA Biodesix Steamboat SpringsCOUSA Division of Clinical Immunology Allergy and RheumatologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA

Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)and autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)are the major forms of autoimmune liver diseases each characterized by the destruction of a specific liver cell type and the presence of differing *** took a proteomic approach utilizing in situ matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(mALDI mS)to obtain profiles directly from liver samples of patients with PBC,PSC,AIH and *** ability to precisely localize the region for acquisition of mALDI mS allowed us to obtain profiles from bile ducts,inflammatory infiltrates and hepatocytes from each biopsy *** tools developed to identify peaks and compare peaks across diseases and cell types were used to develop models to classify the *** an initial set of testing samples from PBC patients and controls,we identified unique peaks present in bile ducts,inflammatory infiltrates and hepatocytes that could classify samples in a validation cohort with 88–91%***,profiles of PSC and AIH did not differ significantly from *** of proteins in these peaks may represent novel autoantigens or effector *** findings illustrate the potential of a proteomic approach to autoimmune diseases with in situ mALDI mS.

关键词： autoimmune hepatitis mass spectrometry primary biliary cirrhosis primary sclerosing cholangitis

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Towards high-performance tubular-type protonic ceramic electrolysis cells with all-Ni-based functional electrodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第1期29卷 65-74,I0003页

作者： Artem Tarutin Anna Kasyanova julia Lyagaeva Gennady Vdovin Dmitry medvedev Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based on Solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes Institute of High Temperature ElectrochemistryYekaterinburg 620137Russia Ural Federal University Yekaterinburg 620002Russia

Protonic ceramic electrolysis cells(PCECs),which permit high-temperature electrolysis of water,exhibit various advantages over conventional solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOECs),including cost-effectiveness and the potential to operate at low-/intermediate-temperature ranges with high performance and *** many efforts have been made in recent years to improve the electrochemical characteristics of PCECs,certain challenges involved in scaling them up remain *** the present work,we present a twin approach of combining the tape-calendering method with all-Ni-based functional electrodes with the aim of fabricating a tubular-designed PCEC having an enlarged electrode area(4.6 cm^2).This cell,based on a 25μm-thick BaCe0.5Zr0.3Dy0.2O3-δ proton-conducting electrolyte,a nickelbased cermet and a Pr1.95Ba0.05NiO4+δ oxygen electrode,demonstrates a high hydrogen production rate(19 m L min^-1 at 600℃),which surpasses the majority of results reported for traditional button-or planar-type *** findings increase the scope for scaling up solid oxide electrochemical cells and maintaining their operability at reducing temperatures.

关键词： Steam electrolysis Hydrogen production PCECs Proton-conducting electrolytes Ln2NiO4

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Approaches and tools for user-driven provenance and data quality information in spatial data infrastructures

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 1510-1529页

作者： julia Fischer Lukas Egli juliane Groth Caterina Barrasso Steffen Ehrmann Heiko Figgemeier Christin Henzen Carsten meyer ralph müller-Pfefferkorn Arne rümmler michael Wagner Lars Bernard ralf Seppelt Department of Computational Landscape Ecology UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchLeipzigGermany macroecology and Society Group German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-LeipzigLeipzigGermany Chair of Geoinformatics Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany Institute of Biology Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute of Geoscience&Geography Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergHalle(Saale)Germany Center for Information Services and High Performance Computing Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany

Geospatial data are fundamental in most global-change and sustainability-related ***,readily accessible information on data quality and provenance is often missing or hardly accessible for users due to technical or perceptual barriers,for example,due to unstructured metadata information or missing *** an interdisciplinary process encompassing perspectives of data users,data producers,and software developers,we identified major needs to facilitate effectivefitness-for-use assessments by data users and developed approaches to address *** provided a stylized analysis of large-scale land use data to showcase selected *** support data users,interoperable quality and provenance information need to be meaningfully *** producers need efficient workflows and tools supporting them in creating high-quality,structured and detailed quality and provenance *** newly developed approaches to increase the availability of structured metadata synthesize new and existing tools to extract metadata or to generate provenance data during *** our approaches to improve interoperability and accessibility we present novel tools to support(i)the creation of curated and linked registers of data quality indicators and thematic terms,and(ii)linked visualization of data quality and provenance *** our approaches increases transparency,facilitatesfitness-for-use assessments,and ultimately improves research quality.

关键词： Dashboard earthsystem science fitness forpurpose ISO 19157 landuseandland cover data ontology

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