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Impacts of road on plant invasions in the middle mountain region of central Nepal

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Journal of mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 619-632页

作者： ananda ADHIKARI Adarsha SUBEDI Achyut TIWARI Bharat Babu SHRESTHA Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipur 44618Nepal

Biological invasion is triggered by human development activities such as the construction and expansion of road *** verges serve as important habitats and corridors for the distribution of invasive alien plant species(IApS)between geographically distant ***,the trajectory of plant invasion and the data regarding the impact of roads on IApS distribution are relatively poor in ***,we surveyed two road types(main roads and feeder road)in the middle mountain region of central Nepal in order to investigate how different road types are driving the dispersal of IApS along road verges and the adjacent natural *** sampling was conducted at ca 2.5 km intervals along the *** each sampling site,paired plots(25 m×4 m)were sampled:one adjacent to and along the road,and another 20 m away and parallel to it in the interior *** results revealed that the main road verges had a higher cover(33%)and a larger number of IApS(14 species)than the feeder road(25%;10 species).The IApS cover and richness were significantly higher along verges than in the adjacent interior habitats for both road types,indicating that roads are contributing as corridors for the dispersal of IApS in the middle mountain areas of central ***,elevation,tree canopy,and disturbances(grazing/mowing/trampling)were found to be the key factors that determine spatial distribution of IApS along road *** emphasize that regular monitoring of vegetation along the road verges can help with the early detection and control of potential IApS in the region before they become problematic.

关键词： Biological invasions Dispersal corridor Invasive alien plants Transport infrastructure Himalayan mountains

Vanillin Based polymers: VI. poly (hydrovanilloin-furfural) and poly (hydrovanilloin-5-hydroxymethylfurfural)

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Journal of Renewable materials 2024年第9期12卷 1495-1506页

作者： ananda S. Amarasekara Gabriel murillo morales Raghava R. Kommalapati Department of Chemistry Prairie View A&M University700 University DrivePrairie ViewTX 77446USA Center for Energy&Environmental Sustainability Prairie View A&M University700 University DrivePrairie ViewTX 77446USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Prairie View A&M University700 University DrivePrairie ViewTX 77446USA

Renewable resources based polymers provides a sustainable alternative to petroleum derived polymeric materials. As a part of our series on synthesis of vanillin based renewable polymers, we report the synthesis of poly (hydrovanilloin-furfural) [ poly (HVL-Fur)] and poly (hydrovanilloin–5-hydromethylfurfural) [ poly (HVL-5-HmF)]. Vanillin was dimerized to a mixtures of meso/DL- hydrovanilloins with 94% meso product by electrochemical reductive coupling in aqueous sodium hydroxide using lead electrodes in quantitative yield. Then sodium hydroxide catalyzed condensation of hydrovanilloin with furfural in water at 80°C for 72 h was used to synthesize poly (HVL-Fur) with mw = 8600 g mol −1 , pDI = 1.28 in 78% yield. Similarly, condensation of hydrovanilloin with 5-hydroxymethylfurfural at 80°C for 48 h produced poly (HVL-5-HmF) with mw = 12,100 g mol −1 , pDI = 1.27 in 68% yield. poly (HVL-Fur) and poly (HVL-5-HmF) showed similar T g values of 59°C and 60°C, respectively; whereas melting behaviors are dissimilar with T m 171°C–173°C and 148°C–182°C, respectively.

关键词： Vanillin hydrovanilloin furfural 5-hydroxymethylfurfural renewable polymers

Seroprevalence of varicella zoster virus in Colombo district, Sri Lanka

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2018年第1期11卷 53-57页

作者： Hathshya m munasingha ananda Amarasinghe Neelika G malavige Nalini Sathiakumar Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham public Health Specialist/medical Epidemiologist Office-WHO Manila Department of microbiology University of Sri Jayawardenapura

Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of varicella zoster virus(VZV) antibodies among the population residing in the Colombo district of Sri Lanka. methods: A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted which included 1 258 participants. Blood samples were collected and questionnaires administered to obtain sociodemographic information and history of varicella and/or herpes zoster. Serum samples were assayed for VZV IgG antibodies using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results: Overall, the seroprevalence was 54.2%(95% CI= 51.5% 57.0%). Children below 1 year of age were seronegative, and only about 20.0% of children between 1 and 10 years of age were seropositive. Seropositivitiy increased with age and by the age of 40 years 74.3% were seropositive. Among women of childbearing age, the overall seroprevalence was about 62.0%(95% CI = 57.7%-66.1%) but was low 37.0% in the 15-19 age group. Conclusion: In this population, 45.8% lacked natural immunity against varicella. Of women of childbearing age, 39.9% lacked immunity and in the subgroup of women 15-19 years of age, 63.0% women lacked immunity. In light of the country's success with the control and high coverage of other vaccine preventable diseases and that the vaccine is available in the private sector, the inclusion of varicella vaccine in the national immunization program may be considered.

关键词： Colombo district Seroprevalence Sri Lanka Vaccine Varicella

Synthesis of 4-acylpyrazolone Schiff base ligand grafted silica and selectivity in adsorption of lanthanides from aqueous solutions

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Journal of Rare Earths 2009年第5期27卷 870-874页

作者： ananda S.Amarasekara Onome S.Owereh Sukesh K.Aghara Department of Chemistry Prairie View A&M University Department of Chemical Engineering Prairie View A&M University

The Schiff base form of the 4-acylpyrazolone ligand was immobilized on the silica surface by reaction of 3-aminopropyl silica with 4-acetyl-5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one in 97% yield, producing grafted silica with 0.77 mmol/g ligand loading. This surface modified silica was shown to be selective in the adsorption of Yb3+ ions from dilute aqueous solutions, for which 98% adsorption was observed from a 1.0×10-5 mol/L aq. solution at pH 6.7, after 24 h at room temperature. Six other lanthanides studied Eu3+, Gd3+, Nd3+, Tb3+, Sm3+ and La3+ showed moderate to weaker adsorptions of 39%, 28%, 16%, 12%, 11% and 5% respectively under similar conditions.

关键词： 4-acylpyrazolone Schiff-base grafted-silica lanthanides adsorption rare earths

Serum nitrite levels in Sri Lankan patients with leptospirosis

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2012年第1期5卷 75-78页

作者： Rohini I Gunaratna Shiroma m Handunnetti mRC Bulathsinghalage pranitha Somaratne ananda Jayanaga HJ de Silva Senaka Rajapakse Institute of Biochemistry Molecular Biology and Biotechnology(IBMBB)University of ColomboSri Lanka Department of microbiology Medical Research InstituteColomboSri Lanka Base Hospital HomagamaSri Lanka Department of medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of KelaniyaSri Lanka Department of Clinical medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka

Objective:To determine whether blood nitrite levels are elevated in patients with leptospirosis. methods:male patients Fulfilling clinical and epidemiological criteria for a diagnosis of leptospirosis were *** with mAT title of≥400 together with those seroconverting to a titer of≥200 were included in the *** nitrite levels were measured in these patients and *** matched healthy ***:patients from 3 hospitals(n=75) were screened during a 3 month period from 28th June to 3rd September 2009,of whom 20 were eligible for the *** nilrile levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with acute leptospirosis[n=20.(0.359±0.229)μm]compared to controls[(n= 13.(0.216±0.051)μm] (p=0.014).A significant correlation was also observed between the mAT titre and the day of illness (r = 0.547;pm nitrite levels are higher in patients with acute leptospirosis compared to age and sex matched *** correlation could be assessed with severity of illness,as sample size was inadequate to determine this.

关键词： Leptospirosis Nitrite Nitric oxide Sri Lanka

Soil loss estimation using rusle model to prioritize erosion control in KELANI river basin in Sri Lanka

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第2期7卷 130-137页

作者： Cassim mohamed Fayas Nimal Shantha Abeysingha Korotta Gamage Shyamala Nirmanee Dinithi Samaratunga ananda mallawatantri Faculty of Agriculture Rajarata University of Sri LankaPuliyankulamaAnuradhapuraSri Lanka International Union for Conservation of Nature Sri Lanka OfficeColomboSri Lanka

Soil erosion contributes negatively to agricultural production,quality of source water for drinking,ecosystem health in land and aquatic environments,and aesthetic value of *** to understand the spatial variability of erosion severity are important for improving landuse *** study uses the Kelani river basin in Sri Lanka as the study area to assess erosion severity using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model supported by a GIS *** severity across the river basin was estimated using RUSLE,a Digital Elevation model (15 × 15 m),twenty years rainfall data at 14 rain gauge stations across the basin,landuse and land cover,and soil maps and cropping *** estimated average annual soil loss in Kelani river basin varied from zero to 103.7 t ha-1 yr-1,with a mean annual soil loss estimated at 10.9 t ha-1 *** 70% of the river basin area was identified with low to moderate erosion severity (measures are urgently needed to ensure a sustainable ecosystem in the Kelani river basin,which in turn,is connected with the quality of life of over 5 million *** of this severity information developed with RUSLE along with its individual parameters can help to design landuse management *** effort can be further refined by analyzing RUSLE results along with Kelani river sub-basins level real time erosion estimations as a monitoring measure for conservation practices.

关键词： Kelani river basin Revised universal soil loss equation RUSLE Soil erosion Soil erosion hazard map Land degradation

Genotype-environment interaction in Cordia trichotoma(Vell.)Arrá*** *** in two different soil conditions

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第1期33卷 309-319页

作者： Wanderley dos Santos Bruno marchetti de Souza Daniele Fernanda Zulian Gilberto Terra Ribeiro Alves João Bosco Vasconcellos Gomes mário Luiz Teixeira de moraes Valderês Aparecida de Sousa ananda Virginia de Aguiar Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira Universidade Estadual Paulista“Júlio Mesquita Filho”Ilha Solteira 15385-000Brazil Sucupira Agroflorestas Fazenda SucupiraValença 45400-000Brazil EmBRApA Florestas Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa AgropecuáriaColombo 83411-000Brazil

Investment in silvicultural techniques is noticeably lacking,especially in breeding programs for non-conventional wood *** genotype×environment interaction(G×E)is essential to the development of breeding ***,this study aimed to estimate genetic diversity of and the effects of G×E interaction on two progeny tests of Cordia trichotoma,including the estimation of genetic gain and genetic diversity after *** the experiment,30 progenies of *** were tested at two sites with differing soil *** at breast height(1.30 m above soil surface,dbh-cm),total height,diameter at 30 cm from the soil,first branch height,and survival were all monitored for four *** deviance,best linear unbiased estimator,and harmonic mean of relative performance of genetic values(mHpRVG)were all calculated to predict breeding values,estimate genetic parameters,and analyze *** quantified traits varied significantly among progenies by soil type,with greatest variation recorded for genetic *** of the progenies led to predictions of genetic gain,ranging from 7.73 to 15.45%,for dbh at four years of *** calculated decrease in genetic diversity after selection showed that this parameter should be monitored in subsequent breeding cycles.G×E was low for all *** best-performing progenies proved most stable and best adapted to the different environmental conditions tested.

关键词： Effective population number Native species productivity Stability and adaptability Tree improvement

Synthesis of Chromium(III) Oxide Nanoparticles by Electrochemical method and mukia maderaspatana plant Extract, Characterization, KmnO<sub>4 </sub>Decomposition and Antibacterial Study

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modern Research in Catalysis 2013年第4期2卷 127-135页

作者： Rakesh &nbsp S. ananda Netkal m. made Gowda Department of Chemistry Western Illinois University One University Circle Macomb USA Department of Studies in Chemistry University of Mysore Mysore India

Chromium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by the reduction of potassium dichromate solution with mukia maderaspatana plant extract. In electrochemical methods, Cr2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized by two ways, using platinum (pt) electrodes and K2Cr2O7 solution with H2SO4 as medium in the first case. And chromium doped platinum electrode (pt/Cr) in presence of NaHCO3 solution in second case. The resulting Cr2O3 nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEm), UV-VIS absorption and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The enhancing influence of Cr2O3 nanoparticles as a catalyst for the decomposition of KmnO4 has been studied. The antibacterial effect of Cr2O3 nanoparticles against E. coli was investigated. These particles were shown to have an effective bactericide.

关键词： potassium Dichromate Solution Cr2O3 Nanoparticles Chromium Doped platinum Electrode (pt/Cr) E. coli

Synthesis of Niobium Doped ZnO Nanoparticles by Electrochemical method: Characterization, photodegradation of Indigo Carmine Dye and Antibacterial Study

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2014年第4期3卷 133-147页

作者： Rakesh &nbsp Sannaiah ananda Netkal m. made Gowda Kithanakere Ramesh Raksha Department of Studies in Chemistry University of Mysore Mysore India Department of Chemistry Western Illinois University One University Circle Macomb USA

Niobium doped Zincoxide nanoparticles has been synthesized through electrochemical method and characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, IR Spectroscopy, SEm, XRD, ICpmS and EDAX data. The UV-Visible spectroscopy result reveals that the band gap energy of ZnO/Nb2O5 nanoparticles to be 3.8 eV. The XRD results show that the crystallite size is to be 31.9 nm. The ICpmS data indicate the presence of 3,3461,328 counts of 93 Nb and 577,906,390 counts of 66 Zn. An improvement in the photocatalytic degradation of Indigocarmine dye (IC) in comparison to commercially available pure ZnO was observed. The photodegradation efficiency for ZnO/Nb2O5 and ZnO were found to be 97.4% and 52.1% respectively. The enhancement in photocatalytic activity of ZnO/ Nb2O5 was ascribed to the extended light absorption range and suppression of electron hole pair recombination upon Nb loading. The antibacterial activity of ZnO/Nb2O5 nanoparticles was investigated. These particles were shown to have an effective bactericide.

关键词： ZnO/Nb2O5 Nanoparticles Electrochemical method Niobium Coated platinum Electrode (pt/Nb) Indigo Carmine Dye (IC) E. coli