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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for salinity stress: Anti-stress role and mechanisms

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Pedosphere 2023年第1期33卷 212-224页

作者： muzafar HDAR Syed mRAZVI Narender SINGH Ahmad mUSHTAQ Shahnawaz DAR Shabber HUSSAIN Department of Botany Kurukshetra UniversityKurukshetraHaryana 136119India Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Sher-e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir(SKUAST-K)ShalimarSrinagar 190021India Research Center for Residue and Quality Analysis SKUAST-KShalimarSrinagar 190021India Krishi Vigyan Kendra(KVK)Kargil 11(Zanskar) SKUAST-KShalimarSrinagar 190021India

Salinity stress is considered one of the most harmful environmental plant stresses,as it reduces irrigated land crop production by over 20%***,it is imperative to develop salt-tolerant crops in addition to understanding various mechanisms enabling plant growth under saline stress ***,a novel biological approach that aims to address salinity stress has gained momentum,which involves the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal(Am)fungi in plant-microbe *** has been observed that most terrestrial plant root systems are colonized by Am fungi,which modulate plant growth in multiple *** such interactions,Am fungi obtain organic compounds from the host plant while providing mineral nutrients,including nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,calcium,and sulfur,to the host *** recent decades,our understanding of the multifunctional roles played by Am fungi has been broadened and advanced,particularly regarding the mediation of mineral nutrients and the alleviation of stress(especially salt stress)in most crop *** uptake of phosphorus and augmented tolerance to salinity result in enhanced plant growth and *** evident anti-stress role of Am fungi and related mechanisms have been described separately,though they need to be analyzed and discussed ***,the present review addresses the major role of Am fungi in mitigating salt stress and their beneficial effects on plant growth and *** mechanisms employed by Am fungi to amplify the salt tolerance of host plants by increased nutrient accession(e.g.,phosphorus,nitrogen,and calcium),physiological changes(e.g.,photosynthetic efficiency,cell membrane permeability,water status,and nitrogen fixation),and biochemical changes(e.g.,the accumulation of different osmolytes such as proline and soluble sugars)are also ***,this review highlights the role of Am fungi in the Na+/H+*** plants,Am fungi inoculation increases the activities of mul

关键词： biochemical and physiological changes osmolytes plant-microbe interaction salt stress sodium accumulation

Characterization of hot electrons generated by laser-plasma interaction at shock ignition intensities

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2023年第6期8卷 74-89页

作者： E.D.Filippov m.Khan A.Tentori P.Gajdos A.S.martynenko R.Dudzak P.Koester G.Zeraouli D.mancelli F.Baffigi L.A.Gizzi S.A.Pikuz Ph.D.Nicolaï N.C.Woolsey R.Fedosejevs m.Krus L.Juha D.Batani O.Renner G.Cristoforetti Joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS Moscow 125412Russia York Plasma Institute School of PhysicsEngineering and TechnologyUniversity of YorkYork YO105DDUnited Kingdom Universitéde Bordeaux CNRSCEACELIATalence 33405France Institute of Plasma Physics of the CAS PragueCzech Republic Plasma Physics Department GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung64291 DarmstadtGermany Institute of Physics of the CAS PragueCzech Republic Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory INO-CNRPisa 56124Italy Centro de Laseres Pulsados(CLPU) Edicio M5Parque Científico.C Adaja8Salamanca 37185Spain Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers-IPPL Centre of Research and InnovationHellenic Mediterranean UniversityRethymnonGreece Department of Electronic Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean UniversityChaniaGreece National Research Nuclear University mEPhI Moscow 115409Russia University of Alberta Edmonton T6G 2V4AlbertaCanada The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC ELI Beamlines FacilityDolníBˇrezanyCzech Republic

In an experiment carried out at the Prague Asterix Laser System at laser intensities relevant to shock ignition conditions(I>10^(16) W/cm^(2)),the heating and transport of hot electrons were studied by using several complementary diagnostics,i.e.,K_(α)time-resolved imaging,hard x-ray filtering(a bremsstrahlung cannon),and electron *** with differing composition from low Z(parylene N)to high Z(nickel)were used in multilayer planar targets to produce plasmas with different coronal temperature and collisionality and modify the conditions of hot-electron *** variety of available diagnostics allowed full characterization of the population of hot electrons,retrieving their conversion efficiency,time generation and duration,temperature,and angular *** obtained results are shown to be consistent with those from detailed simulations and similar inertial confinement fusion *** on the measured data,the advantages,reliability,and complementarity of the experimental diagnostics are discussed.

关键词： spectroscopy shock allowed

Chip-based squeezing at a telecom wavelength

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Photonics Research 2019年第7期7卷 10-13页

作者： F.mondain T.Lunghi A.Zavatta E.Gouzien F.Doutre m.De micheli S.Tanzilli V.D'Auria Universite Cote d'Azur CNRSInstitut de Physique de NiceParc Valrose06108 Nice Cedex 2France Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (ino-CNR) Largo Enrico Fermi 6 50125 FirenzeItaly LENS and Department of Physics Universita di Firenze50019 Sesto FiorentinoFirenzeItaly

We demonstrate a squeezing experiment exploiting the association of integrated optics and telecom technology as key features for compact, stable, and practical continuous variable quantum optics. In our setup, squeezed light is generated by single-pass spontaneous parametric down conversion on a lithium niobate photonic circuit and detected by a homodyne detector whose interferometric part is directly integrated on the same platform. The remaining parts of the experiment are implemented using commercial plug-and-play devices based on guided-wave technologies. We measure, for a CW pump power of 40 mW, a squeezing level of -2.00±0.05 dB (anti-squeezing 2.80 ±0.05 dB), thus confirming the validity of our approach and opening the way toward miniaturized and easy-to-handle continuous variable-based quantum systems.

关键词： squeezing association single-pass

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对大动脉移位的新生儿实施一氧化氮吸入治疗

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第11期1卷 18-19页

作者： El-Segaier m. Hellstrm-Westas L. Wettrell G. 郭战宏 Department of Paediatrics Children’s Hospital Lund University Hospital SE-221 85 Lund Sweden

Three newborn infants with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) and intact ventricular septum (IVS) developed postnatal persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) and were successfully treated with inhaled nitric oxide (ino). Inter-vention with balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) was performed in two of the infants before the ino treatment, but they continued to be severely hypoxic with metabolic acidosis. However, the ino immediately improved oxygenation and the clinical condition. The third neonate had a moderately large atrial communication and echocardiographic signs of PPHN. He received ino before BAS with dramatic clinical improvement, which therefore postponed BAS. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of PPHN and treatment with ino may improve final outcome in neonates with TGA and IVS. In the presence of moderately large atrial communication and PPHN, treatment with ino might be considered before BAS.

关键词：一氧化氮吸入大动脉转位持续肺动脉高压房间隔造口术出生后临床改善临床状态室间隔代谢性酸中毒低氧

拉丁美洲阿尔茨海默病患者出现症状早于英国患者

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 20-21页

作者： Clark C.m. DeCarli C. mungas D. 孟云宵 3615 Chestnut St Philadelphia PA 19104 United States Dr.

Background: Latino individuals are the largest minority group and the fastest growing population group in the United States, yet there are few studies comparing the clinical features of Alzheimer disease (AD) in th is population with those found in Anglo (white non-Latino) patients. Objective: To compare the age at AD symptom onset in Latino and Anglo individuals. Design: Cross-sectional assessment using standardized methods to collect and compare a ge at AD symptom onset, demographic variables, and medical variables. Setting: F ive National Institute on Aging-sponsored Alzheimer’s Disease Centers with exp erience evaluating Spanish-speaking individuals. Patients: We evaluated 119 Lat ino and 55 Anglo patients who had a diagnosis of AD. main Outcome measure: Age a t symptom onset. Results: After adjusting for center, sex, and years of educatio n, Latino patients had a mean age at symptom onset 6.8 years earlier (95%confid ence interval, 3.5-10.3 years earlier) than Anglo patients. Conclusions: An ear lier age at symptom onset suggests that US mainland Latino individuals may exper ience an increased burden of AD compared with Anglo individuals. The basis for t he younger age at symptom onset remains obscure.

关键词：阿尔茨海默病发病年龄体格检查人口统计学人口增长评估研究研究协会研究中心

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早期吸入一氧化氮能改善极早产儿的氧化平衡

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 60-61页

作者： Hamon I. Fresson J. Nicolas m.-B. 宁亮 Reanimation Neonatale Maternite Regionale Univ. de Nancy 10 rue du Dr Heydenreich 54 042 Nancy Ced ex France Dr.

Inhaled nitric oxide (ino) improves oxygenation in premature infants, but conc ern has been raised about its potential oxidative toxicity. We designed this stu dy to assess the oxidative balance in premature infants who were exposed to low dose ino and the relationship with their clinical outcome on day 28 of life. Ato tal of 274 infants who were mized at birth to receiv e 5 ppm of ino if they presented with hypoxemic respiratory failure. Nonhypoxemi c infants were studied as the reference group. Blood samples were withdrawn 24 h apart, within the first 4 d of life, to assess malondialdehyde (mDA)-concentra tion as oxidative stress marker and total plasmatic glutathione (GSH), intraeryt hrocyte GSH peroxidase, and GSH reductase activities as antioxidant defenses. Af ter 24 h, the rise in mDA was blunted in the ino group compared with controls an d was close to the reference infants. Conversely, GSH was more stable in the ino group, when there was no difference for the GSH peroxidase and GSH reductase ac tivities. On day 28, Oxygen dependence was linked with a higher increase in mDA as was the risk for death, whereas intraventricular hemorrhage was associated wi th a higher initial drop in GSH. Early low-dose ino in hypoxemic preterm infant s improves oxidative balance and seems to be clinically beneficial up to day 28 of life.

关键词：氧化应激采集血样还原酶活性过氧化酶出生后低氧血症呼吸困难参照组谷胱甘肽

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多发性硬化征罕见的眼球运动功能表现

世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2006年第8期2卷 7-8页

作者： De Seze J. Vukusic S. Viallet-marcel m. 潘佳鸿 Department of Neurology Hpital R. Salengro CHRU de Lille 59037 Lille Cedex France

In multiple sclerosis (mS), nystagmus or internuclear ophthalmoplegia (ino) are the usual ocular motor dysfunctions. However, in patients with focal brainstem lesions, other rare manifestations may be observed, such as an isolated ocular motor nerve palsy or complex ocular motor disturbances. We report five mS patients with unusual ocular motor disturbances (bilateral third nerve palsy [n=2], opsoclonus, Horner’ s syndrome and one and-a-half syndrome). We discuss possible correlations between clinical disturbances and mRI abnormalities. Patients were seen in two mS centres. They had a confirmed diagnosis of mS and underwent a brain mRI and a complete neuro-ophthalmological work-up. In one case (opsoclonus), ocular motor manifestations were the first manifestation of mS. In the other four cases they occurred 3 months (Horner syndrome), 6 years and 12 years (bilateral third nerve palsy) and 2 years (one-anda-half syndrome) after the disease onset, respectively. Four out of five patients were still in a relapsing-remitting form of mS. In the opsoclonus case, there was no evidence of a brainstem lesion. A gadolinium-enhanced lesion (2 cases) or a new T2-weighted lesion located in the brainstem correlated with the clinical presentation. All patients completely or partially recovered after corticosteroid infusions. Our study shows some rare or previously undescribed complex ocular motor symptoms in mS.

关键词：多发性硬化眼球运动脑神经麻痹眼球震颤眼阵挛脑干损伤眼肌麻痹神经眼科临床症状皮质激素

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多发性硬化症患者的罕见眼运动表现

世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第9期2卷 61-62页

作者： De Seze J. Vukusic S. Viallet-marcel m. 郭中孟(译) Department of Neurology H6pital R. Salengro CHRU de Lille 59037 Lille Cedex France 不详

In multiple sclerosis (mS), nystagmus or internuclear ophthalmoplegia (ino) are the usual ocular motor dysfunctions. However, in patients with focal brainstem lesions, other rare manifestations may be observed, such as an isolated ocular motor nerve palsy or complex ocular motor disturbances. We report five mS patients with unusual ocular motor disturbances (bilateral third nerve palsy [n = 2], opsoclonus, Horner’s syndrome and one-and-a-half syndrome). We discuss possible correlations between clinical disturbances and mRI abnormalities. Patients were seen in two mS centres. They had a confirmed diagnosis of mS and underwent a brain mRI and a complete neuro-ophthalmological work-up. In one case (opsoclonus), ocular motor manifestations were the first manifestation of mS. In the other four cases they occurred 3 months (Horner syndrome), 6 years and 12 years (bilateral third nerve palsy) and 2 years (one-and-a-half syndrome) after the disease onset, respectively. Four out of five patients were still in a relapsing-remitting form of mS. In the opsoclonus case, there was no evidence of a brainstem lesion. A gadolinium-enhanced lesion (2 cases) or a new T2-weighted lesion located in the brainstem correlated with the clinical presentation. All patients completely or partially recovered after corticosteroid infusions. Our study shows some rare or previously undescribed complex ocular motor symptoms in mS.

关键词：多发性硬化症运动表现罕见一个半综合征眼运动神经麻痹核间性眼肌麻痹运动障碍脑神经麻痹

新型双极有机小分子化合物及其Al^(3+)配合物的合成与发光

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高等学校化学学报 2006年第5期27卷 808-811页

作者：向能军李狄豪梁万里苏树江石建新龚孟濂中山大学光电材料与技术国家重点实验室化学与化学工程学院香港浸会大学化学系香港浸会大学物理系

合成了一种新的具有“双极”(b ipolar)性质的有机小分子蓝色发光材料2-(5-(4-(二苯胺基)苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-)苯酚[2(5-(4-(d iphenylam ino)phenyl)-1,3,4-oxad iazol-2-yl)phenol,HPOT],并以HPOT为配体,与铝离子配位,合成了三(2-(5-(4-(二苯胺基)苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-)苯酚)合铝[tri(2-(5-(4-(d iphe-nylam ino)phenyl)-1,3,4-oxad iazol-2-yl)phenonate)alum inum,A lPOT]配合物.用1H NmR、HRmS和元素分析进行了表征,并测定了两种化合物的光致发光性质和热稳定性.结果表明:两种新化合物的热稳定性好,光致发光性能优良,是制作有机电致发光器件的候选材料.

关键词：有机小分子空穴传导电子传导发光