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The Extremal Universe Exact Solution from Einstein’s Field Equation Gives the Cosmological Constant Directly

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第1期10卷 386-397页

作者： Espen Gaarder haug Norwegian University of Life Sciences Handelsh&oslashyskolen Norway

Einstein’s field equation is a highly general equation consisting of sixteen equations. However, the equation itself provides limited information about the universe unless it is solved with different boundary conditions. multiple solutions have been utilized to predict cosmic scales, and among them, the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker solution that is the back-bone of the development into today standard model of modern cosmology: The Λ-CDm model. However, this is naturally not the only solution to Einstein’s field equation. We will investigate the extremal solutions of the Reissner-Nordström, Kerr, and Kerr-Newman metrics. Interestingly, in their extremal cases, these solutions yield identical predictions for horizons and escape velocity. These solutions can be employed to formulate a new cosmological model that resembles the Friedmann equation. However, a significant distinction arises in the extremal universe solution, which does not necessitate the ad hoc insertion of the cosmological constant;instead, it emerges naturally from the derivation itself. To the best of our knowledge, all other solutions relying on the cosmological constant do so by initially ad hoc inserting it into Einstein’s field equation. This clarification unveils the true nature of the cosmological constant, suggesting that it serves as a correction factor for strong gravitational fields, accurately predicting real-world cosmological phenomena only within the extremal solutions of the discussed metrics, all derived strictly from Einstein’s field equation.

关键词： General Relativity Theory Cosmological Constant Extremal Solution Reissner-Nordström Kerr Kerr-Newman

Levels of L-carnitine in human seminal plasma are associated with sperm fatty acid composition

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第5期24卷 451-457页

作者： mario Iliceto mette haug Stensen Jorunn m Andersen Trine B haugen Oliwia Witczak Fertilitetssenteret Oslo 0176Norway Department of Life Sciences and Health OsloMet-Oslo Metropolitan UniversityOslo 0130Norway

The fatty acid composition of spermatozoa has been shown to be important for their function,and L-carnitine is crucial for fatty acid *** levels in the seminal plasma positively correlate with semen quality,whereas high body mass index(BmI)is associated with both reduced semen quality and altered sperm fatty acid ***,we examined the associations between free seminal L-carnitine levels and sperm fatty acid composition as well as *** samples were collected and analyzed from 128 men with unknown fertility status and with BmI ranging from 19 kg m^(−2) to 63 kg m^(−2).Sperm fatty acid composition was assessed by gas chromatography,while free seminal L-carnitine analysis was performed using high-performance liquid *** linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation of free seminal L-carnitine levels with the amount of sperm palmitic acid(β=0.21;P=0.014),docosahexaenoic acid(DHA;β=0.23;P=0.007),and total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(β=0.23;P=0.008)and a negative correlation of free seminal L-carnitine levels with lignoceric acid(β=−0.29;P=0.001)and total n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids(β=−0.24;P=0.012)when adjusted for *** was no relationship between free seminal L-carnitine levels and *** free seminal L-carnitine levels are associated with semen quality,the absence of a correlation with BmI suggests that reduced semen quality in obese men is independent of seminal L-carnitine.

关键词： body mass index L-carnitine male fertility semen quality sperm fatty acids spermatozoa

Isolation by phage display and characterization of a single-chain antibody specific for O^6-methyldeoxyguanosine

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第12期46卷 1024-1029页

作者： DAI Heping ZHAO Rouhong haug Brenda Sean m.Hemmingsen XIAO Wei Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China Plant Biotechnology Institute National Research Council of CanadaSaskatoonSK S7N OW9Canada Department of microbiology and Immunology University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N 5E5Canada

New approaches of making single chain Fv antibodies against O6-methyl-2’ -deoxyguanosine (O6mdG) have been demonstrated by using the phage antibody display system. Using O6mdG as an antigen, 21 positive clones were identified by ELISA from this library, one of which, designated H3, specifically binds to O6mdG with high affinity. The H3 scFv antibody has an affinity constant (Kaff) of 5.94×1011(mol/L)-1. H3 scFv has been successfully used to detect O6mdG in DNA hydrolyses from yeast or E. coli cells treated with a DNA methylating agent. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the selection of a specific scFv against DNA adducts. The results demonstrate the potential applications of the phage display technology for the detection of DNA lesions caused by mutagens and carcinogens.

关键词： O6-methyl-2’ -deoxyguanosine, phage display antibody, single chain Fv DNA adducts.

Corrections in alpha angle following two different operative approaches for CAm-type femoral acetabular impingement-Ganz surgical hip dislocation vs anterior mini-open

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2020年第1期11卷 27-35页

作者： Emanuel C haug Wendy m Novicoff Quanjun Cui Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Virginia School of Medicine

BACKGROUND Femoroacetabular impingement(FAI)is a predisposing factor for secondary osteoarthritis of the hip *** two extensively described impingement mechanisms of FAI are CAm and *** managed conservatively,operative intervention should be offered to the persistently symptomatic *** measurement of the alpha angle is considered a standard method of assessing the severity of pathology in Cam-type FAI on pre-operative plain *** radiological correction of the alpha angle has not been previously compared between different surgical *** hypothesize that there is no difference in alpha angle correction between Ganz surgical hip dislocation and the anterior mini-open *** To compare the magnitude of alpha angle correction achieved by using the Ganz surgical hip dislocation and the anterior mini-open *** This is a retrospective study assessing seventy-nine patients identified in a 5-year *** patients had preoperative radiographic evidence of FAI and underwent surgery by a single surgeon at our institution,a tertiary care *** with missing radiographic documentation,radiographs with insufficient quality which then precluded accurate measurement of the angleα,a diagnosed congenital condition,isolated type II pathology(Pincer),and history of prior surgery were excluded from the *** the Ganz surgical hip dislocation or the anterior mini open approach was *** radiographic evaluation of the alpha angle between the two surgical methods was done and corrected for age and gender using two-sample t-tests and Chi-square *** A total of 79 patients met the inclusion and exclusion ***-seven males(mean age of 35.3,range 16-53)and 32 females(mean age 36.7,range 16-60)were ***-seven patients underwent the anterior mini-open approach,and 32 underwent the Ganz surgical hip *** were no significant differences in age between the t

关键词： Alpha angle Femoroacetabular impingement Ganz surgical hip dislocation Anterior mini-open

Passivating contact-based tunnel junction Si solar cells using machine learning for tandem cell applications

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Energy and AI

Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 550-558页

作者： HyunJung Park Audrey morisset munho Kim Hae-Seok Lee Aicha Hessler-Wyser Franz-Josef haug Christophe Ballif Photovoltaics and Thin Film Electronics Laboratory(PV-Lab) EPFLSchool of Engineering(STI)Maladière 71bNeuchâtelCH-2000Switzerland School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Avenue639798SingaporeSingapore Graduate School of Energy and Environment(KU-KIST Green School) Korea University145Anam-roSeongbuk-gu02841SeoulRepublic of Korea

Tandem solar cells are a key technology for exceeding the theoretical efficiency limit of single-junction *** of the most promising combinations is the silicon–perovskite tandem cells,considering their potential for high efficiency,fabrication on a large scale,and low *** most research focuses on improving each subcell,another key challenge lies in the tunnel junction that connects these subcells,significantly impacting the overall cell ***,we demonstrate the first use of tunnel junctions using a stack of p+/n+polysilicon passivating contacts deposited directly on the tunnel oxide to overcome the drawbacks of conventional metal oxide-based tunnel junctions,including low tunneling efficiency and sputter *** Random Forest analysis,we achieved high implied open circuit voltages over 700 mV and low contact resistivities of 500 mΩcm 2,suggesting fill factor losses of less than 1%abs for the operating conditions of a tandem cell.

关键词： Tunnel junction Tandem Passivating contact Solar cell machine learning

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数字化和气动技术的融合

现代制造 2020年第28期 38-39页

作者： Christopher haug 不详

使用太少的能源,无法进行生产,而使用太多的能源,又会浪费。数字化不仅能为气动产品,还能为整个生产设备提供支持。汽车行业、制药行业和食品行业的领先工业公司已经为其产品制定了明确的CO_2目标。这就使机器制造商生产的新一代产品需... 详细信息

使用太少的能源,无法进行生产,而使用太多的能源,又会浪费。数字化不仅能为气动产品,还能为整个生产设备提供支持。汽车行业、制药行业和食品行业的领先工业公司已经为其产品制定了明确的CO_2目标。这就使机器制造商生产的新一代产品需要节约可观的能源。为此,自动化技术公司,好比Festo公司,能提供量身定制的解决方案,无论是第一个使用数字化气动产品的Festo运动终端设备,还是搭载mSE6-C2m的能源效率模块。

关键词：制药行业自动化技术气动技术能源效率量身定制汽车行业终端设备新一代产品

“表观线密度”——导电材料纺成纱线线密度的一种确定方法

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国际纺织导报 2012年第5期40卷 14-15,22页

作者： m. Girod F. Tamoue A. Ehrmann R. haug 柳宝琴（译）下莱茵应用科技大学纺织和服装研究所FTB德国不详

导电纱线通常由金属材料和其他材料如棉、聚酯纤维等组成,其能提供最小的传导率,以满足产业用纺织品各应用领域的要求。纱线通常按线密度分类,然而,这种将金属材料嵌入纱线中以达到预期导电性能的纱线,其线密度可能会令人误解细度的概... 详细信息

导电纱线通常由金属材料和其他材料如棉、聚酯纤维等组成,其能提供最小的传导率,以满足产业用纺织品各应用领域的要求。纱线通常按线密度分类,然而,这种将金属材料嵌入纱线中以达到预期导电性能的纱线,其线密度可能会令人误解细度的概念。误解产生的原因在于,金属的密度极大地影响了纱线的总质量。因此,建议采用一种新的准则,即"表观线密度"。假设纱线中的金属材料被纱线中的另一种纺织纤维替代,依此推导出的线密度即为"表观线密度"。

关键词：表观线密度导电纱线线密度替代

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透气型针织物传感器

国际纺织导报 2011年第6期39卷 32-32,34页

作者： A.Ehrmann F.Heimlich A.Brücken m.O.Weber R.haug 刘晨下莱茵应用技术大学纺织与服装研究所(FTB)

含有不锈钢丝的导电纱编织而成的针织物,其导电性的大小取决于织物的伸长。这一特性可用来生产一种透气型针织物传感器。为了获得充分的传感再现性,织物组织的选择至关重要。

关键词：导电纱导电针织物组织透气型针织物传感器

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纺织RFID转调器在服装中的集成

国际纺织导报 2013年第2期41卷 60-60,62,63页

作者： m.Girod F.Tamoue R.haug R.Kufferath m.Becker 张慧(译) 李毓陵(校) 下莱茵应用技术大学纺织服装研究院德国下莱茵应用技术大学德国 van Laack公司德国不详

无线射频识别(RFID)作为条形码的替代,正越来越多地应用于产业中。例如,钥匙、图书馆中的图书和缆车通行证等都可安置RFID转调器。同样,在服装领域,通过无线电信号区分商品的应用也增长显著。因此,在转调器无线交流能力的帮助下,通过非... 详细信息

无线射频识别(RFID)作为条形码的替代,正越来越多地应用于产业中。例如,钥匙、图书馆中的图书和缆车通行证等都可安置RFID转调器。同样,在服装领域,通过无线电信号区分商品的应用也增长显著。因此,在转调器无线交流能力的帮助下,通过非接触式数据传输可以连续地进行物品登记。作为对未来纺织产业要求的响应,下莱茵应用技术大学与德国的vanLaack制衣公司合作开发了一种纺织转调器。此转调器可以在服装制造过程中通过刺绣方式集成。由于vanLaack公司生产的是高品质优质服装,对服装中缝纫线的细度和电子元件不引人注意的要求比较苛刻。

关键词：无线射频识别(RFID) 纺织转调器集成导电纱服装