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Colorful facial markings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 70-78页

作者： brett m.Culbert James b.barnett Isaac Y.Ligocki matthew G.Salena marian Y.L.Wong Ian m.Hamilton Sigal balshine Department of Integrative biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Department of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of biology Millersville UniversityMillersvillePAUSA School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Department of mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

many animals use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral *** signals have been well studied in the contexts of competi-tion and mate choice;however,the role of these signals in nonsexual,affiliative relationships is not as well ***,we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1)individual quality,2)social dominance,and/or 3)affiliative *** with larger patches spent more time foraging and tended to perform more aggressive acts against conspecific territory *** did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size,but dominant males tended to have larger patches than dominant ***,patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the number of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged *** males with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from their groupmates compared to dominant males with small ***,subordinates with large patches tended to receive more affiliative acts from their groupmates while performing fewer affiliative acts *** together,our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer some of the first evidence that colorful signals may shape affiliative relationships withinwildsocialgroups.

关键词： affiliation foraging Lake Tanganyika Neolamprologus pulcher visual signals

Sol-gel derived b_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate bioactive glasses with hemostatic,antibacterial and pro-angiogenic activities

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regenerative biomaterials 2024年第1期3卷 108-118页

作者： Kai Zheng Faina bider mahshid monavari Zhiyan Xu Christina Janko Christoph Alexiou Ana m.beltran Aldo r.boccaccini Jiangsu Province Engineering research Center of Stomatological Translational medicine College of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Institute of biomaterials University of Erlangen-Nuremberg91058 ErlangenGermany Department of Oto-rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck SurgerySection of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine(SEON)Else Kroener-Fresenius-Stiftung ProfessorshipUniversitaetsklinikum Erlangen91058 ErlangenGermany Departamento de Ingenier�ıa y Ciencia de los materiales y del Transporte Escuela Politecnica

Sol-gel borate bioactive glasses(bGs)are promising ion-releasing biomaterials for wound healing ***,we report the synthesis of a series of binary b_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate bGs(CaO ranging from 50 to 90mol%)using a sol-gel-based *** influence of CaO content in b_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate bG on morphology,structure and ion release behavior was investigated in *** dissolution(ion release)and crystallization could be observed in borate bGs when CaO content increased,while the morphology was not significantly altered by increasing CaO *** results evidenced that the ion release behavior of borate bGs could be tailored by tuning the b_(2)O_(3)/CaO molar *** also evaluated the in vitro cytotoxicity,hemostatic,antibacterial and angiogenic activities of borate *** was validated for all borate ***,borate bGs exhibited composition-dependent hemostatic,antibacterial and angiogenic ***,higher contents of Ca in borate bGs facilitated hemostatic activity,while higher contents of b_(2)O_(3) were beneficial for pro-angiogenic *** synthesized sol-gel-derived borate bGs are promising materials for developing advanced wound healing dressings,given their fast ion release behavior and favorable hemostatic,antibacterial and angiogenic activities.

关键词： borate glasses sol-gel processing glass composition wound healing

First-principles calculations to investigate structural,electronic,magnetic,optical and thermodynamic properties of rE_(2)rh_(3)Ge(rE=Pr,Sm)

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Journal of rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1385-1393,I0007页

作者： A.Ezaier r.masrour m.Hamedoun J.Kharbach A.rezzouk A.Hourmatallah N.benzakour K.bouslykhane Laboratory of Solid Physics Faculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazSidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityBP 1796FezMorocco Equipe de Physique du Solide LaboratoiresLIPIEcole Normale SupérieureBensoudaFèsMorocco

In this paper,we analyzed the physical characteristics of the ternary alloys rE_(2)rh_(3)Ge(rE=Pr and Sm)using the first principles calculation based on functional density theory integrated in the Wien2k *** calculated formation energies of Pr_(2)rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)rh_(3)Ge are−5.3827 and−5.2782 eV/atom,respectively,showing that these alloys may exist *** results of the band structure and density of states indicate that all of the compounds tested are magnetic metals,and their magnetism is mostly related to the contribution of Pr and Sm *** total magnetic moments of Pr_(2)rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)rh_(3)Ge are 4.07245 and 11.16161μb/f.u,*** parameters such as heat capacity at constant pressure,entropy,Debye temperature,lattice volume,compressibility coefficients,and Grüneisen parameter alloys were calculated using the Gibbs algorithm and studied in depth over a large temperature range of 0-900 *** Debye temperature increases with increasing pressure and decreases with decreasing ***,the Debye temperatures calculated at p=0 GPa and T=300 K are equal to be 342 and 322 K for Pr_(2)rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)rh_(3)Ge,*** optical characteristics such as the real and imaginary portions of the dielectric function,the absorption coefficient,the energy-loss function,and the refractive index were investigated and discussed in more depth.

关键词： magnetic metals Functional density theory Density of states magnetic moment Optical and thermodynamic properties rare earths

Liquid crystal immunosensors for the selective detection of Escherichia coli with a fast analysis tool

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Photonics research 2024年第7期12卷 1564-1573页

作者： SANDrO C.OLIVEIrA mArIA S.SOArES bÁrbArA V.GONÇALVES ANDrEIA C.m.rODrIGUES AmADEU m.V.m.SOArES rITA G.SObrAL NUNO F.SANTOS JAN NEDOmA PEDrO L.ALmEIDA CArLOS mArQUES CICECO-Aveiro Institute of materials Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal i3N Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Associate Laboratory i4Hb-Institute for Health and bioeconomy School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal CESAm-Centre for Environmental and marine Studies and Department of biology University of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Department of Telecommunications VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic i3N-CENImAT School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal UnIrE ISELPolytechnic Institute of Lisbon1549-020 LisbonPortugal Department of Physics VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic

The consumption of contaminated food may cause serious illnesses,and traditional methods to detect Escherichia coli are still associated with long waiting times and high costs given the necessity to transport samples to specialized *** is a need to develop new technologies that allow cheap,fast,and direct monitoring at the site of ***,in this work,we developed optical immunosensors for the selective detection of ***,based on liquid crystal technology,whose molecules can align in different manners depending on the boundary conditions (such as substrates) as well as the environment that they *** glass substrate was functionalized with *** antibody using cysteamine as an intermediate,and a vertical alignment was imposed on the liquid crystal molecules by using DmOAP during *** presence of bacteria disrupts the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules,changing the intensity of light emerging between cross polarizers,measured using a polarized optical microscope and a *** was possible to detect *** in suspensions in the concentration range from 2.8 cells/mL to 2.8×10^(9) cells∕*** was also evaluated,and the sensors were used to analyze contaminated water samples.A prototype was developed to allow faster,in-situ,and easier analysis avoiding bulky instruments.

关键词： crystal alignment analysis

Five-phase Synchronous reluctance machines Equipped with a Novel Type of Fractional Slot Winding

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CES Transactions on Electrical machines and Systems 2024年第3期8卷 264-273页

作者： S.m.Taghavi Araghi A.Kiyoumarsi b.mirzaeian Dehkordi Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of IsfahanIsfahanIran

multi-phase machines are so attractive for electrical machine designers because of their valuable advantages such as high reliability and fault tolerant ***,fractional slot concentrated windings(FSCW)are well known because of short end winding length,simple structure,field weakening sufficiency,fault tolerant capability and higher slot fill *** five-phase machines equipped with FSCW,are very good candidates for the purpose of designing motors for high reliable applications,like electric cars,major transporting buses,high speed trains and massive ***,in comparison to the general distributed windings,the FSCWs contain high magnetomotive force(mmF)space harmonic contents,which cause unwanted effects on the machine ability,such as localized iron saturation and core *** manuscript introduces several new five-phase fractional slot winding layouts,by the means of slot shifting concept in order to design the new types of synchronous reluctance motors(Synrels).In order to examine the proposed winding’s performances,three sample machines are designed as case studies,and analytical study and finite element analysis(FEA)is used for validation.

关键词： Finite element analysis Five-phase machine Fractional slot concentrated winding(FSCW) machine slot/pole combination mmF harmonics Synchronous reluctance machine Winding factor

Laboratory evaluation of toxicity of selected insecticides against egg and larval stages of cotton pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

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Journal of Cotton research 2024年第1期7卷 15-28页

作者： bUSNOOr Abhishek V. WADASKAr r.m. FAND babasaheb b. TAmbE V.J. PILLAI T. mAHULE D.J. NAGrArE V.S. PrASAD Y.G. Entomology Section College of Agriculture(Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth)Nagpur 440001MaharashtraIndia Indian Council of Agricultural research-Central Institute for Cotton research Nagpur 441108MaharashtraIndia

background The cryptic nature of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)larvae enables its reduced vul-nerability to insecticidal ***,the development of resistance against bacillus thuringiensis(bt)toxins posed a serious threat to transgenic cotton *** necessitated determining the critical timing of spray applications on the control *** study assessed the influence of egg age(freshly laid ***-day-old)and the loca-tion of larvae(directly exposed to the insecticide residues on the boll rind *** inside the bolls)on insecticide control *** The results revealed a significant decrease in the ovicidal activity of tested insecticides with an increase in the age of eggs from one day old to three days old(paired t-test,Prvae directly exposed to the insec-ticide residues on the boll rind were more susceptible(>80%mortality)than the larvae exposed after they had bur-rowed inside the bolls(mortality).The inhibitory effects of tested insecticides on developmental biology were more pronounced in the experiment on pre-larval release insecticide treatment compared with insecticide treatment given post-larval release and entry inside the *** Egg age influences the insecticide susceptibility,as does the larval location,directly exposed vs bur-rowed inside the *** eggs and the larvae that had burrowed inside the green bolls of cotton were relatively less susceptible to the insecticide *** toxic effects of insecticides on egg and larval stages were primar-ily *** findings are significant for devising a comprehensive strategy for pink bollworm management on a sustainable basis.

关键词： bioefficacy Cotton Insecticides Pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella Timings of spray

Sports Events recognition Using multi Features and Deep belief Network

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Computers, materials and Continua 2024年第1期81卷 309-326页

作者： Alabdullah b. Tayyab m. AlQahtani Y. mudawi N.A. Algarni A. Jalal A. Park J. Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Air University Islamabad 44000 Pakistan Department of Computer Science Applied College King Khalid University Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information System Najran University Najran 55461 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Northern Border University Rafha 91911 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering Korea Polytechnic University Siheung-si Gyeonggi-do 237 South Korea

In the modern era of a growing population, it is arduous for humans to monitor every aspect of sports, events occurring around us, and scenarios or conditions. This recognition of different types of sports and events has increasingly incorporated the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence. This research focuses on detecting and recognizing events in sequential photos characterized by several factors, including the size, location, and position of people’s body parts in those pictures, and the influence around those people. Common approaches utilized, here are feature descriptors such as mSEr (maximally Stable Extremal regions), SIFT (Scale-Invariant Feature Transform), and DOF (degree of freedom) between the joint points are applied to the skeleton points. moreover, for the same purposes, other features such as brISK (binary robust Invariant Scalable Keypoints), Orb (Oriented FAST and rotated brIEF), and HOG (Histogram of Oriented Gradients) are applied on full body or silhouettes. The integration of these techniques increases the discriminative nature of characteristics retrieved in the identification process of the event, hence improving the efficiency and reliability of the entire procedure. These extracted features are passed to the early fusion and Dbscan for feature fusion and optimization. Then deep belief, network is employed for recognition. Experimental results demonstrate a separate experiment’s detection average recognition rate of 87% in the HmDb51 video database and 89% in the YouTube database, showing a better perspective than the current methods in sports and event identification. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Tech Science Press.

关键词： extremal regions joint points machine learning scalable keypoints silhouettes

rbC aggregation,deformation and adhesion to endothelium:role of nitric oxide derived from L-Arginine and sodium nitroprusside

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 53-65页

作者： m.K.maksimov P.b.Ermolinskiy O.N.Scheglovitova N.N.Sklyankina A.V.muravyov A.E.Lugovtsov A.V.Priezzhev Faculty of Physics M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University bld.1subbuilding.2Leninskie goryMoscow 11991Russia N.F.Gamaleya National research Center for Epidemiology and microbiology 18 Gamaleya StreetMoscow 123098Russia K.D.Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University 108/1 Respublikanskaya StreetYaroslavl 150000Russia

red blood cells(rbCs)are the most abundant human blood *** aggregation and deformation strongly determine blood viscosity which impacts hemorheology and *** turn,rbC properties depend on di®erent endogenous and exogenous *** such factor is nitric oxide(NO),which is mainly produced by endothelial cells(EC)from L-arginine amino acid in the circulatory *** the mechanisms of the rbC-endothelium interplay are not clear up to date and considering its possible clinical importance,the aims of this study are to investigate in vitro:(1)The e®ect of L-arginine induced NO on rbC aggregation and adhesion to endothelium;(2)the NO e®ect on rbC aggregation and deformation induced by L-arginine and sodium nitroprusside without the presence of endothelium in the *** rbC aggregation and adhesion to a monolayer of EC were studied using optical tweezers(OT).The rbC deformability and aggregation without endothelium in the samples were studied using the°ow chamber method and myrenne *** con¯rmed that NO increases deformability and decreases aggregation of *** showed that the soluble guanylate cyclase pathway appears to be the only NO signaling pathway *** the samples with the endothelium,the\bell-shaped"dependence of rbC aggregation force on L-arginine concentration was observed,which improves our knowledge about the process of NO production by ***,data related to L-arginine accumulation by endothelium were obtained:Necessity of the presence of extracellular L-arginine stated by other authors was put under *** our study,NO decreased the rbC-endothelium adhesion,however,the tendency appeared to be weak and was not con¯rmed in another set of *** our knowledge,this is the¯rst attempt to measure the forces of rbC adhesion to endothelium monolayer with OT.

关键词： red blood cells aggregation L-arginine endothelium optical tweezers myrenne flow chamber

An electropenetrography waveform library for the probing and ingestion behaviors of Culex tarsalis on human hands

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1165-1186页

作者： Anastasia m.W.Cooper Samuel b.Jameson Victoria Pickens Cameron Osborne Elaine A.backus Kristopher Silver Dana N.mitzel Department of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA Department of Tropical medicine Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLos AngelesUSA USDA Agricultural research Service San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences CenterParlierCaliforniaUSA National bio and Agro-Defense Facility USDA Agricultural Research ServiceManhattanKansasUSA

Culex tarsalis Coquillett(Diptera:Culicidae)mosquitoes are capable of vectoring numerous pathogens affecting public and animal ***,the probing behaviors of mosquitoes are poorly understood because they occur in opaque ***(EPG)has the potential to elucidate these behaviors by recording the electrical signals generated during *** used an AC–DC EPG with variable input resistors(ri levels)to construct a waveform library for *** feeding on human *** events associated with mosquito probing were used to characterize waveforms at four ri levels and with two electrical current *** optimal settings for EPG recordings of *** probing on human hands was an ri level of 10^(7)Ohms using an applied signal of 150 millivolts alternating *** for *** included those previously observed and associated with probing behaviors in Aedes aegypti L.(Diptera:Culicidae):waveform families J(surface salivation),K(stylet penetration through the skin),L(types 1 and 2,search for a blood vessel/ingestion site),m(types 1 and 2,ingestion),N(type 1,an unknown behavior which may be a resting and digestion phase),and W(withdrawal).However,we also observed variations in the waveforms not described in ***,which we named types L3,m3,m4,and *** investigation enhances our understanding of mosquito probing *** also provides a new tool for the automated calculation of peak *** work will facilitate future pathogen acquisition and transmission studies and help identify new pest and disease management targets.

关键词： AC-DC blood feeders electrical penetration graph EPG human hands mosquitoes waveform library